1 {-# OPTIONS_GHC -XNoImplicitPrelude #-}
2 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 -- Copyright : (c) The University of Glasgow 2001
6 -- License : BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)
8 -- Maintainer : libraries@haskell.org
10 -- Portability : portable
12 -- The Prelude: a standard module imported by default into all Haskell
13 -- modules. For more documentation, see the Haskell 98 Report
14 -- <http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/>.
16 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 -- * Standard types, classes and related functions
22 -- ** Basic data types
24 (&&), (||), not, otherwise,
36 fst, snd, curry, uncurry,
39 []((:), []), -- Not legal Haskell 98;
40 -- ... available through built-in syntax
41 module Data.Tuple, -- Includes tuple types
42 ()(..), -- Not legal Haskell 98
43 (->), -- ... available through built-in syntax
46 (:), -- Not legal Haskell 98
49 -- ** Basic type classes
51 Ord(compare, (<), (<=), (>=), (>), max, min),
52 Enum(succ, pred, toEnum, fromEnum, enumFrom, enumFromThen,
53 enumFromTo, enumFromThenTo),
54 Bounded(minBound, maxBound),
59 Int, Integer, Float, Double,
62 -- *** Numeric type classes
63 Num((+), (-), (*), negate, abs, signum, fromInteger),
65 Integral(quot, rem, div, mod, quotRem, divMod, toInteger),
66 Fractional((/), recip, fromRational),
67 Floating(pi, exp, log, sqrt, (**), logBase, sin, cos, tan,
68 asin, acos, atan, sinh, cosh, tanh, asinh, acosh, atanh),
69 RealFrac(properFraction, truncate, round, ceiling, floor),
70 RealFloat(floatRadix, floatDigits, floatRange, decodeFloat,
71 encodeFloat, exponent, significand, scaleFloat, isNaN,
72 isInfinite, isDenormalized, isIEEE, isNegativeZero, atan2),
74 -- *** Numeric functions
75 subtract, even, odd, gcd, lcm, (^), (^^),
76 fromIntegral, realToFrac,
78 -- ** Monads and functors
79 Monad((>>=), (>>), return, fail),
81 mapM, mapM_, sequence, sequence_, (=<<),
83 -- ** Miscellaneous functions
84 id, const, (.), flip, ($), until,
85 asTypeOf, error, undefined,
90 head, last, tail, init, null, length, (!!),
92 -- ** Reducing lists (folds)
93 foldl, foldl1, foldr, foldr1,
101 scanl, scanl1, scanr, scanr1,
102 -- *** Infinite lists
103 iterate, repeat, replicate, cycle,
105 take, drop, splitAt, takeWhile, dropWhile, span, break,
106 -- ** Searching lists
107 elem, notElem, lookup,
108 -- ** Zipping and unzipping lists
109 zip, zip3, zipWith, zipWith3, unzip, unzip3,
110 -- ** Functions on strings
111 lines, words, unlines, unwords,
113 -- * Converting to and from @String@
114 -- ** Converting to @String@
116 Show(showsPrec, showList, show),
118 showChar, showString, showParen,
119 -- ** Converting from @String@
121 Read(readsPrec, readList),
122 reads, readParen, read, lex,
124 -- * Basic Input and output
126 -- ** Simple I\/O operations
127 -- All I/O functions defined here are character oriented. The
128 -- treatment of the newline character will vary on different systems.
129 -- For example, two characters of input, return and linefeed, may
130 -- read as a single newline character. These functions cannot be
131 -- used portably for binary I/O.
132 -- *** Output functions
134 putStr, putStrLn, print,
135 -- *** Input functions
137 getLine, getContents, interact,
140 readFile, writeFile, appendFile, readIO, readLn,
141 -- ** Exception handling in the I\/O monad
142 IOError, ioError, userError, catch
155 #ifdef __GLASGOW_HASKELL__
164 import GHC.Err ( error, undefined )
168 import qualified Control.Exception.Base as New (catch)
178 -- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
179 -- Miscellaneous functions
181 -- | Strict (call-by-value) application, defined in terms of 'seq'.
182 ($!) :: (a -> b) -> a -> b
187 -- | The value of @'seq' a b@ is bottom if @a@ is bottom, and otherwise
188 -- equal to @b@. 'seq' is usually introduced to improve performance by
189 -- avoiding unneeded laziness.
195 -- | The 'catch' function establishes a handler that receives any 'IOError'
196 -- raised in the action protected by 'catch'. An 'IOError' is caught by
197 -- the most recent handler established by 'catch'. These handlers are
198 -- not selective: all 'IOError's are caught. Exception propagation
199 -- must be explicitly provided in a handler by re-raising any unwanted
200 -- exceptions. For example, in
202 -- > f = catch g (\e -> if IO.isEOFError e then return [] else ioError e)
204 -- the function @f@ returns @[]@ when an end-of-file exception
205 -- (cf. 'System.IO.Error.isEOFError') occurs in @g@; otherwise, the
206 -- exception is propagated to the next outer handler.
208 -- When an exception propagates outside the main program, the Haskell
209 -- system prints the associated 'IOError' value and exits the program.
211 -- Non-I\/O exceptions are not caught by this variant; to catch all
212 -- exceptions, use 'Control.Exception.catch' from "Control.Exception".
213 catch :: IO a -> (IOError -> IO a) -> IO a
215 #endif /* !__HUGS__ */