2 % (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1992-1998
6 ***************************
8 ***************************
10 1. We attach binding levels to Core bindings, in preparation for floating
11 outwards (@FloatOut@).
13 2. We also let-ify many expressions (notably case scrutinees), so they
14 will have a fighting chance of being floated sensible.
16 3. We clone the binders of any floatable let-binding, so that when it is
17 floated out it will be unique. (This used to be done by the simplifier
18 but the latter now only ensures that there's no shadowing; indeed, even
19 that may not be true.)
21 NOTE: this can't be done using the uniqAway idea, because the variable
22 must be unique in the whole program, not just its current scope,
23 because two variables in different scopes may float out to the
26 NOTE: Very tiresomely, we must apply this substitution to
27 the rules stored inside a variable too.
29 We do *not* clone top-level bindings, because some of them must not change,
30 but we *do* clone bindings that are heading for the top level
33 case x of wild { p -> ...wild... }
34 we substitute x for wild in the RHS of the case alternatives:
35 case x of wild { p -> ...x... }
36 This means that a sub-expression involving x is not "trapped" inside the RHS.
37 And it's not inconvenient because we already have a substitution.
39 Note that this is EXACTLY BACKWARDS from the what the simplifier does.
40 The simplifier tries to get rid of occurrences of x, in favour of wild,
41 in the hope that there will only be one remaining occurrence of x, namely
42 the scrutinee of the case, and we can inline it.
49 LevelledBind, LevelledExpr,
51 incMinorLvl, ltMajLvl, ltLvl, isTopLvl
54 #include "HsVersions.h"
58 import DynFlags ( FloatOutSwitches(..) )
59 import CoreUtils ( exprType, exprIsTrivial, mkPiTypes )
60 import CoreArity ( exprBotStrictness_maybe )
61 import CoreFVs -- all of it
62 import CoreSubst ( Subst, emptySubst, extendInScope, extendInScopeList,
63 extendIdSubst, cloneIdBndr, cloneRecIdBndrs )
64 import Id ( idType, mkSysLocal, isOneShotLambda,
65 zapDemandIdInfo, transferPolyIdInfo,
66 idSpecialisation, idUnfolding, setIdInfo,
67 setIdNewStrictness, setIdArity
73 import Name ( getOccName )
74 import OccName ( occNameString )
75 import Type ( isUnLiftedType, Type )
76 import BasicTypes ( TopLevelFlag(..) )
78 import Util ( sortLe, isSingleton, count )
83 %************************************************************************
85 \subsection{Level numbers}
87 %************************************************************************
90 data Level = Level Int -- Level number of enclosing lambdas
91 Int -- Number of big-lambda and/or case expressions between
92 -- here and the nearest enclosing lambda
95 The {\em level number} on a (type-)lambda-bound variable is the
96 nesting depth of the (type-)lambda which binds it. The outermost lambda
97 has level 1, so (Level 0 0) means that the variable is bound outside any lambda.
99 On an expression, it's the maximum level number of its free
100 (type-)variables. On a let(rec)-bound variable, it's the level of its
101 RHS. On a case-bound variable, it's the number of enclosing lambdas.
103 Top-level variables: level~0. Those bound on the RHS of a top-level
104 definition but ``before'' a lambda; e.g., the \tr{x} in (levels shown
105 as ``subscripts'')...
107 a_0 = let b_? = ... in
108 x_1 = ... b ... in ...
111 The main function @lvlExpr@ carries a ``context level'' (@ctxt_lvl@).
112 That's meant to be the level number of the enclosing binder in the
113 final (floated) program. If the level number of a sub-expression is
114 less than that of the context, then it might be worth let-binding the
115 sub-expression so that it will indeed float.
117 If you can float to level @Level 0 0@ worth doing so because then your
118 allocation becomes static instead of dynamic. We always start with
122 Note [FloatOut inside INLINE]
123 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
124 @InlineCtxt@ very similar to @Level 0 0@, but is used for one purpose:
125 to say "don't float anything out of here". That's exactly what we
126 want for the body of an INLINE, where we don't want to float anything
127 out at all. See notes with lvlMFE below.
131 -- At one time I tried the effect of not float anything out of an InlineMe,
132 -- but it sometimes works badly. For example, consider PrelArr.done. It
133 -- has the form __inline (\d. e)
134 -- where e doesn't mention d. If we float this to
135 -- __inline (let x = e in \d. x)
136 -- things are bad. The inliner doesn't even inline it because it doesn't look
137 -- like a head-normal form. So it seems a lesser evil to let things float.
138 -- In SetLevels we do set the context to (Level 0 0) when we get to an InlineMe
139 -- which discourages floating out.
141 So the conclusion is: don't do any floating at all inside an InlineMe.
142 (In the above example, don't float the {x=e} out of the \d.)
144 One particular case is that of workers: we don't want to float the
145 call to the worker outside the wrapper, otherwise the worker might get
146 inlined into the floated expression, and an importing module won't see
150 type LevelledExpr = TaggedExpr Level
151 type LevelledBind = TaggedBind Level
154 tOP_LEVEL = Level 0 0
156 incMajorLvl :: Level -> Level
157 incMajorLvl (Level major _) = Level (major + 1) 0
159 incMinorLvl :: Level -> Level
160 incMinorLvl (Level major minor) = Level major (minor+1)
162 maxLvl :: Level -> Level -> Level
163 maxLvl l1@(Level maj1 min1) l2@(Level maj2 min2)
164 | (maj1 > maj2) || (maj1 == maj2 && min1 > min2) = l1
167 ltLvl :: Level -> Level -> Bool
168 ltLvl (Level maj1 min1) (Level maj2 min2)
169 = (maj1 < maj2) || (maj1 == maj2 && min1 < min2)
171 ltMajLvl :: Level -> Level -> Bool
172 -- Tells if one level belongs to a difft *lambda* level to another
173 ltMajLvl (Level maj1 _) (Level maj2 _) = maj1 < maj2
175 isTopLvl :: Level -> Bool
176 isTopLvl (Level 0 0) = True
179 instance Outputable Level where
180 ppr (Level maj min) = hcat [ char '<', int maj, char ',', int min, char '>' ]
182 instance Eq Level where
183 (Level maj1 min1) == (Level maj2 min2) = maj1 == maj2 && min1 == min2
187 %************************************************************************
189 \subsection{Main level-setting code}
191 %************************************************************************
194 setLevels :: FloatOutSwitches
199 setLevels float_lams binds us
200 = initLvl us (do_them init_env binds)
202 init_env = initialEnv float_lams
204 do_them :: LevelEnv -> [CoreBind] -> LvlM [LevelledBind]
205 do_them _ [] = return []
207 = do { (lvld_bind, env') <- lvlTopBind env b
208 ; lvld_binds <- do_them env' bs
209 ; return (lvld_bind : lvld_binds) }
211 lvlTopBind :: LevelEnv -> Bind Id -> LvlM (LevelledBind, LevelEnv)
212 lvlTopBind env (NonRec binder rhs)
213 = lvlBind TopLevel tOP_LEVEL env (AnnNonRec binder (freeVars rhs))
214 -- Rhs can have no free vars!
216 lvlTopBind env (Rec pairs)
217 = lvlBind TopLevel tOP_LEVEL env (AnnRec [(b,freeVars rhs) | (b,rhs) <- pairs])
220 %************************************************************************
222 \subsection{Setting expression levels}
224 %************************************************************************
227 lvlExpr :: Level -- ctxt_lvl: Level of enclosing expression
228 -> LevelEnv -- Level of in-scope names/tyvars
229 -> CoreExprWithFVs -- input expression
230 -> LvlM LevelledExpr -- Result expression
233 The @ctxt_lvl@ is, roughly, the level of the innermost enclosing
234 binder. Here's an example
236 v = \x -> ...\y -> let r = case (..x..) of
240 When looking at the rhs of @r@, @ctxt_lvl@ will be 1 because that's
241 the level of @r@, even though it's inside a level-2 @\y@. It's
242 important that @ctxt_lvl@ is 1 and not 2 in @r@'s rhs, because we
243 don't want @lvlExpr@ to turn the scrutinee of the @case@ into an MFE
244 --- because it isn't a *maximal* free expression.
246 If there were another lambda in @r@'s rhs, it would get level-2 as well.
249 lvlExpr _ _ ( _, AnnType ty) = return (Type ty)
250 lvlExpr _ env (_, AnnVar v) = return (lookupVar env v)
251 lvlExpr _ _ (_, AnnLit lit) = return (Lit lit)
253 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnApp fun arg) = do
255 arg' <- lvlMFE False ctxt_lvl env arg
256 return (App fun' arg')
259 lvl_fun (_, AnnCase _ _ _ _) = lvlMFE True ctxt_lvl env fun
260 lvl_fun _ = lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env fun
261 -- We don't do MFE on partial applications generally,
262 -- but we do if the function is big and hairy, like a case
264 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnNote note expr) = do
265 expr' <- lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env expr
266 return (Note note expr')
268 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnCast expr co) = do
269 expr' <- lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env expr
270 return (Cast expr' co)
272 -- We don't split adjacent lambdas. That is, given
274 -- we don't float to give
275 -- \x -> let v = x+y in \y -> (v,y)
276 -- Why not? Because partial applications are fairly rare, and splitting
277 -- lambdas makes them more expensive.
279 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env expr@(_, AnnLam {}) = do
280 new_body <- lvlMFE True new_lvl new_env body
281 return (mkLams new_bndrs new_body)
283 (bndrs, body) = collectAnnBndrs expr
284 (new_lvl, new_bndrs) = lvlLamBndrs ctxt_lvl bndrs
285 new_env = extendLvlEnv env new_bndrs
286 -- At one time we called a special verion of collectBinders,
287 -- which ignored coercions, because we don't want to split
288 -- a lambda like this (\x -> coerce t (\s -> ...))
289 -- This used to happen quite a bit in state-transformer programs,
290 -- but not nearly so much now non-recursive newtypes are transparent.
291 -- [See SetLevels rev 1.50 for a version with this approach.]
293 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnLet (AnnNonRec bndr rhs) body)
294 | isUnLiftedType (idType bndr) = do
295 -- Treat unlifted let-bindings (let x = b in e) just like (case b of x -> e)
296 -- That is, leave it exactly where it is
297 -- We used to float unlifted bindings too (e.g. to get a cheap primop
298 -- outside a lambda (to see how, look at lvlBind in rev 1.58)
299 -- but an unrelated change meant that these unlifed bindings
300 -- could get to the top level which is bad. And there's not much point;
301 -- unlifted bindings are always cheap, and so hardly worth floating.
302 rhs' <- lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env rhs
303 body' <- lvlExpr incd_lvl env' body
304 return (Let (NonRec bndr' rhs') body')
306 incd_lvl = incMinorLvl ctxt_lvl
307 bndr' = TB bndr incd_lvl
308 env' = extendLvlEnv env [bndr']
310 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnLet bind body) = do
311 (bind', new_env) <- lvlBind NotTopLevel ctxt_lvl env bind
312 body' <- lvlExpr ctxt_lvl new_env body
313 return (Let bind' body')
315 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnCase expr case_bndr ty alts) = do
316 expr' <- lvlMFE True ctxt_lvl env expr
317 let alts_env = extendCaseBndrLvlEnv env expr' case_bndr incd_lvl
318 alts' <- mapM (lvl_alt alts_env) alts
319 return (Case expr' (TB case_bndr incd_lvl) ty alts')
321 incd_lvl = incMinorLvl ctxt_lvl
323 lvl_alt alts_env (con, bs, rhs) = do
324 rhs' <- lvlMFE True incd_lvl new_env rhs
325 return (con, bs', rhs')
327 bs' = [ TB b incd_lvl | b <- bs ]
328 new_env = extendLvlEnv alts_env bs'
331 @lvlMFE@ is just like @lvlExpr@, except that it might let-bind
332 the expression, so that it can itself be floated.
336 We don't float unlifted MFEs, which potentially loses big opportunites.
339 where h :: Int -> Int# is expensive. We'd like to float the (h y) outside
340 the \x, but we don't because it's unboxed. Possible solution: box it.
342 Note [Bottoming floats]
343 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
345 f = \x. g (error "urk")
346 we'd like to float the call to error, to get
349 But, it's very helpful for lvl to get a strictness signature, so that,
350 for example, its unfolding is not exposed in interface files (unnecessary).
351 But this float-out might occur after strictness analysis. So we use the
352 cheap-and-cheerful exprBotStrictness_maybe function.
356 We don't float a case expression as an MFE from a strict context. Why not?
357 Because in doing so we share a tiny bit of computation (the switch) but
358 in exchange we build a thunk, which is bad. This case reduces allocation
359 by 7% in spectral/puzzle (a rather strange benchmark) and 1.2% in real/fem.
360 Doesn't change any other allocation at all.
363 lvlMFE :: Bool -- True <=> strict context [body of case or let]
364 -> Level -- Level of innermost enclosing lambda/tylam
365 -> LevelEnv -- Level of in-scope names/tyvars
366 -> CoreExprWithFVs -- input expression
367 -> LvlM LevelledExpr -- Result expression
369 lvlMFE _ _ _ (_, AnnType ty)
372 -- No point in floating out an expression wrapped in a coercion or note
373 -- If we do we'll transform lvl = e |> co
374 -- to lvl' = e; lvl = lvl' |> co
375 -- and then inline lvl. Better just to float out the payload.
376 lvlMFE strict_ctxt ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnNote n e)
377 = do { e' <- lvlMFE strict_ctxt ctxt_lvl env e
378 ; return (Note n e') }
380 lvlMFE strict_ctxt ctxt_lvl env (_, AnnCast e co)
381 = do { e' <- lvlMFE strict_ctxt ctxt_lvl env e
382 ; return (Cast e' co) }
385 lvlMFE True ctxt_lvl env e@(_, AnnCase {})
386 = lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env e -- Don't share cases
388 lvlMFE strict_ctxt ctxt_lvl env ann_expr@(fvs, _)
389 | isUnLiftedType ty -- Can't let-bind it; see Note [Unlifted MFEs]
390 || exprIsTrivial expr -- Never float if it's trivial
391 || not good_destination
392 = -- Don't float it out
393 lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env ann_expr
395 | otherwise -- Float it out!
396 = do expr' <- lvlFloatRhs abs_vars dest_lvl env ann_expr
397 var <- newLvlVar "lvl" abs_vars ty
398 -- Note [Bottoming floats]
399 let var_w_str = case exprBotStrictness_maybe expr of
400 Just (arity,str) -> var `setIdArity` arity
401 `setIdNewStrictness` str
403 return (Let (NonRec (TB var_w_str dest_lvl) expr')
404 (mkVarApps (Var var_w_str) abs_vars))
406 expr = deAnnotate ann_expr
408 dest_lvl = destLevel env fvs (isFunction ann_expr)
409 abs_vars = abstractVars dest_lvl env fvs
411 -- A decision to float entails let-binding this thing, and we only do
412 -- that if we'll escape a value lambda, or will go to the top level.
414 | dest_lvl `ltMajLvl` ctxt_lvl -- Escapes a value lambda
416 -- OLD CODE: not (exprIsCheap expr) || isTopLvl dest_lvl
417 -- see Note [Escaping a value lambda]
419 | otherwise -- Does not escape a value lambda
420 = isTopLvl dest_lvl -- Only float if we are going to the top level
421 && floatConsts env -- and the floatConsts flag is on
422 && not strict_ctxt -- Don't float from a strict context
423 -- We are keen to float something to the top level, even if it does not
424 -- escape a lambda, because then it needs no allocation. But it's controlled
425 -- by a flag, because doing this too early loses opportunities for RULES
426 -- which (needless to say) are important in some nofib programs
427 -- (gcd is an example).
430 -- concat = /\ a -> foldr ..a.. (++) []
431 -- was getting turned into
432 -- concat = /\ a -> lvl a
433 -- lvl = /\ a -> foldr ..a.. (++) []
434 -- which is pretty stupid. Hence the strict_ctxt test
437 Note [Escaping a value lambda]
438 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
439 We want to float even cheap expressions out of value lambdas,
440 because that saves allocation. Consider
441 f = \x. .. (\y.e) ...
442 Then we'd like to avoid allocating the (\y.e) every time we call f,
443 (assuming e does not mention x).
445 An example where this really makes a difference is simplrun009.
447 Another reason it's good is because it makes SpecContr fire on functions.
449 f = \x. ....(f (\y.e))....
450 After floating we get
452 f = \x. ....(f lvl)...
453 and that is much easier for SpecConstr to generate a robust specialisation for.
455 The OLD CODE (given where this Note is referred to) prevents floating
456 of the example above, so I just don't understand the old code. I
457 don't understand the old comment either (which appears below). I
458 measured the effect on nofib of changing OLD CODE to 'True', and got
459 zeros everywhere, but a 4% win for 'puzzle'. Very small 0.5% loss for
460 'cse'; turns out to be because our arity analysis isn't good enough
461 yet (mentioned in Simon-nofib-notes).
464 Even if it escapes a value lambda, we only
465 float if it's not cheap (unless it'll get all the
466 way to the top). I've seen cases where we
467 float dozens of tiny free expressions, which cost
468 more to allocate than to evaluate.
469 NB: exprIsCheap is also true of bottom expressions, which
470 is good; we don't want to share them
472 It's only Really Bad to float a cheap expression out of a
473 strict context, because that builds a thunk that otherwise
474 would never be built. So another alternative would be to
476 || (strict_ctxt && not (exprIsBottom expr))
477 to the condition above. We should really try this out.
480 %************************************************************************
482 \subsection{Bindings}
484 %************************************************************************
486 The binding stuff works for top level too.
489 lvlBind :: TopLevelFlag -- Used solely to decide whether to clone
490 -> Level -- Context level; might be Top even for bindings nested in the RHS
491 -- of a top level binding
494 -> LvlM (LevelledBind, LevelEnv)
496 lvlBind top_lvl ctxt_lvl env (AnnNonRec bndr rhs@(rhs_fvs,_))
497 | isTyVar bndr -- Don't do anything for TyVar binders
498 -- (simplifier gets rid of them pronto)
499 = do rhs' <- lvlExpr ctxt_lvl env rhs
500 return (NonRec (TB bndr ctxt_lvl) rhs', env)
503 = do -- No type abstraction; clone existing binder
504 rhs' <- lvlExpr dest_lvl env rhs
505 (env', bndr') <- cloneVar top_lvl env bndr ctxt_lvl dest_lvl
506 return (NonRec (TB bndr' dest_lvl) rhs', env')
509 = do -- Yes, type abstraction; create a new binder, extend substitution, etc
510 rhs' <- lvlFloatRhs abs_vars dest_lvl env rhs
511 (env', [bndr']) <- newPolyBndrs dest_lvl env abs_vars [bndr]
512 return (NonRec (TB bndr' dest_lvl) rhs', env')
515 bind_fvs = rhs_fvs `unionVarSet` idFreeVars bndr
516 abs_vars = abstractVars dest_lvl env bind_fvs
517 dest_lvl = destLevel env bind_fvs (isFunction rhs)
522 lvlBind top_lvl ctxt_lvl env (AnnRec pairs)
524 = do (new_env, new_bndrs) <- cloneRecVars top_lvl env bndrs ctxt_lvl dest_lvl
525 new_rhss <- mapM (lvlExpr ctxt_lvl new_env) rhss
526 return (Rec ([TB b dest_lvl | b <- new_bndrs] `zip` new_rhss), new_env)
528 | isSingleton pairs && count isId abs_vars > 1
529 = do -- Special case for self recursion where there are
530 -- several variables carried around: build a local loop:
531 -- poly_f = \abs_vars. \lam_vars . letrec f = \lam_vars. rhs in f lam_vars
532 -- This just makes the closures a bit smaller. If we don't do
533 -- this, allocation rises significantly on some programs
535 -- We could elaborate it for the case where there are several
536 -- mutually functions, but it's quite a bit more complicated
538 -- This all seems a bit ad hoc -- sigh
540 (bndr,rhs) = head pairs
541 (rhs_lvl, abs_vars_w_lvls) = lvlLamBndrs dest_lvl abs_vars
542 rhs_env = extendLvlEnv env abs_vars_w_lvls
543 (rhs_env', new_bndr) <- cloneVar NotTopLevel rhs_env bndr rhs_lvl rhs_lvl
545 (lam_bndrs, rhs_body) = collectAnnBndrs rhs
546 (body_lvl, new_lam_bndrs) = lvlLamBndrs rhs_lvl lam_bndrs
547 body_env = extendLvlEnv rhs_env' new_lam_bndrs
548 new_rhs_body <- lvlExpr body_lvl body_env rhs_body
549 (poly_env, [poly_bndr]) <- newPolyBndrs dest_lvl env abs_vars [bndr]
550 return (Rec [(TB poly_bndr dest_lvl,
551 mkLams abs_vars_w_lvls $
552 mkLams new_lam_bndrs $
553 Let (Rec [(TB new_bndr rhs_lvl, mkLams new_lam_bndrs new_rhs_body)])
554 (mkVarApps (Var new_bndr) lam_bndrs))],
557 | otherwise = do -- Non-null abs_vars
558 (new_env, new_bndrs) <- newPolyBndrs dest_lvl env abs_vars bndrs
559 new_rhss <- mapM (lvlFloatRhs abs_vars dest_lvl new_env) rhss
560 return (Rec ([TB b dest_lvl | b <- new_bndrs] `zip` new_rhss), new_env)
563 (bndrs,rhss) = unzip pairs
565 -- Finding the free vars of the binding group is annoying
566 bind_fvs = (unionVarSets [ idFreeVars bndr `unionVarSet` rhs_fvs
567 | (bndr, (rhs_fvs,_)) <- pairs])
571 dest_lvl = destLevel env bind_fvs (all isFunction rhss)
572 abs_vars = abstractVars dest_lvl env bind_fvs
574 ----------------------------------------------------
575 -- Three help functons for the type-abstraction case
577 lvlFloatRhs :: [CoreBndr] -> Level -> LevelEnv -> CoreExprWithFVs
578 -> UniqSM (Expr (TaggedBndr Level))
579 lvlFloatRhs abs_vars dest_lvl env rhs = do
580 rhs' <- lvlExpr rhs_lvl rhs_env rhs
581 return (mkLams abs_vars_w_lvls rhs')
583 (rhs_lvl, abs_vars_w_lvls) = lvlLamBndrs dest_lvl abs_vars
584 rhs_env = extendLvlEnv env abs_vars_w_lvls
588 %************************************************************************
590 \subsection{Deciding floatability}
592 %************************************************************************
595 lvlLamBndrs :: Level -> [CoreBndr] -> (Level, [TaggedBndr Level])
596 -- Compute the levels for the binders of a lambda group
597 -- The binders returned are exactly the same as the ones passed,
598 -- but they are now paired with a level
602 lvlLamBndrs lvl bndrs
603 = go (incMinorLvl lvl)
604 False -- Havn't bumped major level in this group
607 go old_lvl bumped_major rev_lvld_bndrs (bndr:bndrs)
608 | isId bndr && -- Go to the next major level if this is a value binder,
609 not bumped_major && -- and we havn't already gone to the next level (one jump per group)
610 not (isOneShotLambda bndr) -- and it isn't a one-shot lambda
611 = go new_lvl True (TB bndr new_lvl : rev_lvld_bndrs) bndrs
614 = go old_lvl bumped_major (TB bndr old_lvl : rev_lvld_bndrs) bndrs
617 new_lvl = incMajorLvl old_lvl
619 go old_lvl _ rev_lvld_bndrs []
620 = (old_lvl, reverse rev_lvld_bndrs)
621 -- a lambda like this (\x -> coerce t (\s -> ...))
622 -- This happens quite a bit in state-transformer programs
626 -- Destintion level is the max Id level of the expression
627 -- (We'll abstract the type variables, if any.)
628 destLevel :: LevelEnv -> VarSet -> Bool -> Level
629 destLevel env fvs is_function
631 && is_function = tOP_LEVEL -- Send functions to top level; see
632 -- the comments with isFunction
633 | otherwise = maxIdLevel env fvs
635 isFunction :: CoreExprWithFVs -> Bool
636 -- The idea here is that we want to float *functions* to
637 -- the top level. This saves no work, but
638 -- (a) it can make the host function body a lot smaller,
639 -- and hence inlinable.
640 -- (b) it can also save allocation when the function is recursive:
641 -- h = \x -> letrec f = \y -> ...f...y...x...
644 -- f = \x y -> ...(f x)...y...x...
646 -- No allocation for f now.
647 -- We may only want to do this if there are sufficiently few free
648 -- variables. We certainly only want to do it for values, and not for
649 -- constructors. So the simple thing is just to look for lambdas
650 isFunction (_, AnnLam b e) | isId b = True
651 | otherwise = isFunction e
652 isFunction (_, AnnNote _ e) = isFunction e
657 %************************************************************************
659 \subsection{Free-To-Level Monad}
661 %************************************************************************
664 type LevelEnv = (FloatOutSwitches,
665 VarEnv Level, -- Domain is *post-cloned* TyVars and Ids
666 Subst, -- Domain is pre-cloned Ids; tracks the in-scope set
667 -- so that subtitution is capture-avoiding
668 IdEnv ([Var], LevelledExpr)) -- Domain is pre-cloned Ids
669 -- We clone let-bound variables so that they are still
670 -- distinct when floated out; hence the SubstEnv/IdEnv.
671 -- (see point 3 of the module overview comment).
672 -- We also use these envs when making a variable polymorphic
673 -- because we want to float it out past a big lambda.
675 -- The Subst and IdEnv always implement the same mapping, but the
676 -- Subst maps to CoreExpr and the IdEnv to LevelledExpr
677 -- Since the range is always a variable or type application,
678 -- there is never any difference between the two, but sadly
679 -- the types differ. The SubstEnv is used when substituting in
680 -- a variable's IdInfo; the IdEnv when we find a Var.
682 -- In addition the IdEnv records a list of tyvars free in the
683 -- type application, just so we don't have to call freeVars on
684 -- the type application repeatedly.
686 -- The domain of the both envs is *pre-cloned* Ids, though
688 -- The domain of the VarEnv Level is the *post-cloned* Ids
690 initialEnv :: FloatOutSwitches -> LevelEnv
691 initialEnv float_lams = (float_lams, emptyVarEnv, emptySubst, emptyVarEnv)
693 floatLams :: LevelEnv -> Bool
694 floatLams (fos, _, _, _) = floatOutLambdas fos
696 floatConsts :: LevelEnv -> Bool
697 floatConsts (fos, _, _, _) = floatOutConstants fos
699 extendLvlEnv :: LevelEnv -> [TaggedBndr Level] -> LevelEnv
700 -- Used when *not* cloning
701 extendLvlEnv (float_lams, lvl_env, subst, id_env) prs
703 foldl add_lvl lvl_env prs,
704 foldl del_subst subst prs,
705 foldl del_id id_env prs)
707 add_lvl env (TB v l) = extendVarEnv env v l
708 del_subst env (TB v _) = extendInScope env v
709 del_id env (TB v _) = delVarEnv env v
710 -- We must remove any clone for this variable name in case of
711 -- shadowing. This bit me in the following case
712 -- (in nofib/real/gg/Spark.hs):
715 -- ... -> case e of wild {
716 -- ... -> ... wild ...
720 -- The inside occurrence of @wild@ was being replaced with @ds@,
721 -- incorrectly, because the SubstEnv was still lying around. Ouch!
724 extendInScopeEnv :: LevelEnv -> Var -> LevelEnv
725 extendInScopeEnv (fl, le, subst, ids) v = (fl, le, extendInScope subst v, ids)
727 extendInScopeEnvList :: LevelEnv -> [Var] -> LevelEnv
728 extendInScopeEnvList (fl, le, subst, ids) vs = (fl, le, extendInScopeList subst vs, ids)
730 -- extendCaseBndrLvlEnv adds the mapping case-bndr->scrut-var if it can
731 -- (see point 4 of the module overview comment)
732 extendCaseBndrLvlEnv :: LevelEnv -> Expr (TaggedBndr Level) -> Var -> Level
734 extendCaseBndrLvlEnv (float_lams, lvl_env, subst, id_env) (Var scrut_var) case_bndr lvl
736 extendVarEnv lvl_env case_bndr lvl,
737 extendIdSubst subst case_bndr (Var scrut_var),
738 extendVarEnv id_env case_bndr ([scrut_var], Var scrut_var))
740 extendCaseBndrLvlEnv env _scrut case_bndr lvl
741 = extendLvlEnv env [TB case_bndr lvl]
743 extendPolyLvlEnv :: Level -> LevelEnv -> [Var] -> [(Var, Var)] -> LevelEnv
744 extendPolyLvlEnv dest_lvl (float_lams, lvl_env, subst, id_env) abs_vars bndr_pairs
746 foldl add_lvl lvl_env bndr_pairs,
747 foldl add_subst subst bndr_pairs,
748 foldl add_id id_env bndr_pairs)
750 add_lvl env (_, v') = extendVarEnv env v' dest_lvl
751 add_subst env (v, v') = extendIdSubst env v (mkVarApps (Var v') abs_vars)
752 add_id env (v, v') = extendVarEnv env v ((v':abs_vars), mkVarApps (Var v') abs_vars)
754 extendCloneLvlEnv :: Level -> LevelEnv -> Subst -> [(Var, Var)] -> LevelEnv
755 extendCloneLvlEnv lvl (float_lams, lvl_env, _, id_env) new_subst bndr_pairs
757 foldl add_lvl lvl_env bndr_pairs,
759 foldl add_id id_env bndr_pairs)
761 add_lvl env (_, v') = extendVarEnv env v' lvl
762 add_id env (v, v') = extendVarEnv env v ([v'], Var v')
765 maxIdLevel :: LevelEnv -> VarSet -> Level
766 maxIdLevel (_, lvl_env,_,id_env) var_set
767 = foldVarSet max_in tOP_LEVEL var_set
769 max_in in_var lvl = foldr max_out lvl (case lookupVarEnv id_env in_var of
770 Just (abs_vars, _) -> abs_vars
774 | isId out_var = case lookupVarEnv lvl_env out_var of
775 Just lvl' -> maxLvl lvl' lvl
777 | otherwise = lvl -- Ignore tyvars in *maxIdLevel*
779 lookupVar :: LevelEnv -> Id -> LevelledExpr
780 lookupVar (_, _, _, id_env) v = case lookupVarEnv id_env v of
781 Just (_, expr) -> expr
784 abstractVars :: Level -> LevelEnv -> VarSet -> [Var]
785 -- Find the variables in fvs, free vars of the target expresion,
786 -- whose level is greater than the destination level
787 -- These are the ones we are going to abstract out
788 abstractVars dest_lvl (_, lvl_env, _, id_env) fvs
789 = map zap $ uniq $ sortLe le
790 [var | fv <- varSetElems fvs
791 , var <- absVarsOf id_env fv
793 -- NB: it's important to call abstract_me only on the OutIds the
794 -- come from absVarsOf (not on fv, which is an InId)
796 -- Sort the variables so the true type variables come first;
797 -- the tyvars scope over Ids and coercion vars
798 v1 `le` v2 = case (is_tv v1, is_tv v2) of
799 (True, False) -> True
800 (False, True) -> False
801 _ -> v1 <= v2 -- Same family
803 is_tv v = isTyVar v && not (isCoVar v)
805 uniq :: [Var] -> [Var]
806 -- Remove adjacent duplicates; the sort will have brought them together
807 uniq (v1:v2:vs) | v1 == v2 = uniq (v2:vs)
808 | otherwise = v1 : uniq (v2:vs)
811 abstract_me v = case lookupVarEnv lvl_env v of
812 Just lvl -> dest_lvl `ltLvl` lvl
815 -- We are going to lambda-abstract, so nuke any IdInfo,
816 -- and add the tyvars of the Id (if necessary)
817 zap v | isId v = WARN( isInlineRule (idUnfolding v) ||
818 not (isEmptySpecInfo (idSpecialisation v)),
819 text "absVarsOf: discarding info on" <+> ppr v )
820 setIdInfo v vanillaIdInfo
823 absVarsOf :: IdEnv ([Var], LevelledExpr) -> Var -> [Var]
824 -- If f is free in the expression, and f maps to poly_f a b c in the
825 -- current substitution, then we must report a b c as candidate type
828 -- Also, if x::a is an abstracted variable, then so is a; that is,
829 -- we must look in x's type
830 -- And similarly if x is a coercion variable.
832 | isId v = [av2 | av1 <- lookup_avs v
833 , av2 <- add_tyvars av1]
834 | isCoVar v = add_tyvars v
838 lookup_avs v = case lookupVarEnv id_env v of
839 Just (abs_vars, _) -> abs_vars
842 add_tyvars v = v : varSetElems (varTypeTyVars v)
846 type LvlM result = UniqSM result
848 initLvl :: UniqSupply -> UniqSM a -> a
854 newPolyBndrs :: Level -> LevelEnv -> [Var] -> [Id] -> UniqSM (LevelEnv, [Id])
855 newPolyBndrs dest_lvl env abs_vars bndrs = do
857 let new_bndrs = zipWith mk_poly_bndr bndrs uniqs
858 return (extendPolyLvlEnv dest_lvl env abs_vars (bndrs `zip` new_bndrs), new_bndrs)
860 mk_poly_bndr bndr uniq = transferPolyIdInfo bndr abs_vars $ -- Note [transferPolyIdInfo] in Id.lhs
861 mkSysLocal (mkFastString str) uniq poly_ty
863 str = "poly_" ++ occNameString (getOccName bndr)
864 poly_ty = mkPiTypes abs_vars (idType bndr)
867 -> [CoreBndr] -> Type -- Abstract wrt these bndrs
869 newLvlVar str vars body_ty = do
871 return (mkSysLocal (mkFastString str) uniq (mkPiTypes vars body_ty))
873 -- The deeply tiresome thing is that we have to apply the substitution
874 -- to the rules inside each Id. Grr. But it matters.
876 cloneVar :: TopLevelFlag -> LevelEnv -> Id -> Level -> Level -> LvlM (LevelEnv, Id)
877 cloneVar TopLevel env v _ _
878 = return (extendInScopeEnv env v, v) -- Don't clone top level things
879 -- But do extend the in-scope env, to satisfy the in-scope invariant
881 cloneVar NotTopLevel env@(_,_,subst,_) v ctxt_lvl dest_lvl
882 = ASSERT( isId v ) do
883 us <- getUniqueSupplyM
885 (subst', v1) = cloneIdBndr subst us v
886 v2 = zap_demand ctxt_lvl dest_lvl v1
887 env' = extendCloneLvlEnv dest_lvl env subst' [(v,v2)]
890 cloneRecVars :: TopLevelFlag -> LevelEnv -> [Id] -> Level -> Level -> LvlM (LevelEnv, [Id])
891 cloneRecVars TopLevel env vs _ _
892 = return (extendInScopeEnvList env vs, vs) -- Don't clone top level things
893 cloneRecVars NotTopLevel env@(_,_,subst,_) vs ctxt_lvl dest_lvl
894 = ASSERT( all isId vs ) do
895 us <- getUniqueSupplyM
897 (subst', vs1) = cloneRecIdBndrs subst us vs
898 vs2 = map (zap_demand ctxt_lvl dest_lvl) vs1
899 env' = extendCloneLvlEnv dest_lvl env subst' (vs `zip` vs2)
902 -- VERY IMPORTANT: we must zap the demand info
903 -- if the thing is going to float out past a lambda,
904 -- or if it's going to top level (where things can't be strict)
905 zap_demand :: Level -> Level -> Id -> Id
906 zap_demand dest_lvl ctxt_lvl id
907 | ctxt_lvl == dest_lvl,
908 not (isTopLvl dest_lvl) = id -- Stays, and not going to top level
909 | otherwise = zapDemandIdInfo id -- Floats out