2 % (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1993-1998
10 module DmdAnal ( dmdAnalPgm, dmdAnalTopRhs,
11 both {- needed by WwLib -}
14 #include "HsVersions.h"
16 import DynFlags ( DynFlags, DynFlag(..) )
17 import StaticFlags ( opt_MaxWorkerArgs )
18 import NewDemand -- All of it
21 import CoreUtils ( exprIsHNF, exprIsTrivial, exprArity )
22 import DataCon ( dataConTyCon )
23 import TyCon ( isProductTyCon, isRecursiveTyCon )
24 import Id ( Id, idType, idInlinePragma,
25 isDataConWorkId, isGlobalId, idArity,
27 idDemandInfo, idStrictness, idCprInfo, idName,
29 idNewStrictness, idNewStrictness_maybe,
30 setIdNewStrictness, idNewDemandInfo,
31 idNewDemandInfo_maybe,
35 import IdInfo ( newStrictnessFromOld, newDemand )
39 import TysWiredIn ( unboxedPairDataCon )
40 import TysPrim ( realWorldStatePrimTy )
41 import UniqFM ( plusUFM_C, addToUFM_Directly, lookupUFM_Directly,
42 keysUFM, minusUFM, ufmToList, filterUFM )
43 import Type ( isUnLiftedType, coreEqType )
44 import CoreLint ( showPass, endPass )
45 import Util ( mapAndUnzip, mapAccumL, mapAccumR, lengthIs )
46 import BasicTypes ( Arity, TopLevelFlag(..), isTopLevel, isNeverActive,
48 import Maybes ( orElse, expectJust )
54 * set a noinline pragma on bottoming Ids
56 * Consider f x = x+1 `fatbar` error (show x)
57 We'd like to unbox x, even if that means reboxing it in the error case.
60 %************************************************************************
62 \subsection{Top level stuff}
64 %************************************************************************
67 dmdAnalPgm :: DynFlags -> [CoreBind] -> IO [CoreBind]
68 dmdAnalPgm dflags binds
70 showPass dflags "Demand analysis" ;
71 let { binds_plus_dmds = do_prog binds } ;
73 endPass dflags "Demand analysis"
74 Opt_D_dump_stranal binds_plus_dmds ;
76 -- Only if OLD_STRICTNESS is on, because only then is the old
77 -- strictness analyser run
78 let { dmd_changes = get_changes binds_plus_dmds } ;
79 printDump (text "Changes in demands" $$ dmd_changes) ;
81 return binds_plus_dmds
84 do_prog :: [CoreBind] -> [CoreBind]
85 do_prog binds = snd $ mapAccumL dmdAnalTopBind emptySigEnv binds
87 dmdAnalTopBind :: SigEnv
90 dmdAnalTopBind sigs (NonRec id rhs)
92 ( _, _, (_, rhs1)) = dmdAnalRhs TopLevel NonRecursive sigs (id, rhs)
93 (sigs2, _, (id2, rhs2)) = dmdAnalRhs TopLevel NonRecursive sigs (id, rhs1)
94 -- Do two passes to improve CPR information
95 -- See comments with ignore_cpr_info in mk_sig_ty
96 -- and with extendSigsWithLam
98 (sigs2, NonRec id2 rhs2)
100 dmdAnalTopBind sigs (Rec pairs)
102 (sigs', _, pairs') = dmdFix TopLevel sigs pairs
103 -- We get two iterations automatically
104 -- c.f. the NonRec case above
110 dmdAnalTopRhs :: CoreExpr -> (StrictSig, CoreExpr)
111 -- Analyse the RHS and return
112 -- a) appropriate strictness info
113 -- b) the unfolding (decorated with stricntess info)
117 call_dmd = vanillaCall (exprArity rhs)
118 (_, rhs1) = dmdAnal emptySigEnv call_dmd rhs
119 (rhs_ty, rhs2) = dmdAnal emptySigEnv call_dmd rhs1
120 sig = mkTopSigTy rhs rhs_ty
121 -- Do two passes; see notes with extendSigsWithLam
122 -- Otherwise we get bogus CPR info for constructors like
123 -- newtype T a = MkT a
124 -- The constructor looks like (\x::T a -> x), modulo the coerce
125 -- extendSigsWithLam will optimistically give x a CPR tag the
126 -- first time, which is wrong in the end.
129 %************************************************************************
131 \subsection{The analyser itself}
133 %************************************************************************
136 dmdAnal :: SigEnv -> Demand -> CoreExpr -> (DmdType, CoreExpr)
138 dmdAnal sigs Abs e = (topDmdType, e)
141 | not (isStrictDmd dmd)
143 (res_ty, e') = dmdAnal sigs evalDmd e
145 (deferType res_ty, e')
146 -- It's important not to analyse e with a lazy demand because
147 -- a) When we encounter case s of (a,b) ->
148 -- we demand s with U(d1d2)... but if the overall demand is lazy
149 -- that is wrong, and we'd need to reduce the demand on s,
150 -- which is inconvenient
151 -- b) More important, consider
152 -- f (let x = R in x+x), where f is lazy
153 -- We still want to mark x as demanded, because it will be when we
154 -- enter the let. If we analyse f's arg with a Lazy demand, we'll
155 -- just mark x as Lazy
156 -- c) The application rule wouldn't be right either
157 -- Evaluating (f x) in a L demand does *not* cause
158 -- evaluation of f in a C(L) demand!
161 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Lit lit)
162 = (topDmdType, Lit lit)
164 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Var var)
165 = (dmdTransform sigs var dmd, Var var)
167 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Note n e)
168 = (dmd_ty, Note n e')
170 (dmd_ty, e') = dmdAnal sigs dmd' e
172 Coerce _ _ -> evalDmd -- This coerce usually arises from a recursive
173 other -> dmd -- newtype, and we don't want to look inside them
174 -- for exactly the same reason that we don't look
175 -- inside recursive products -- we might not reach
176 -- a fixpoint. So revert to a vanilla Eval demand
178 dmdAnal sigs dmd (App fun (Type ty))
179 = (fun_ty, App fun' (Type ty))
181 (fun_ty, fun') = dmdAnal sigs dmd fun
183 -- Lots of the other code is there to make this
184 -- beautiful, compositional, application rule :-)
185 dmdAnal sigs dmd e@(App fun arg) -- Non-type arguments
186 = let -- [Type arg handled above]
187 (fun_ty, fun') = dmdAnal sigs (Call dmd) fun
188 (arg_ty, arg') = dmdAnal sigs arg_dmd arg
189 (arg_dmd, res_ty) = splitDmdTy fun_ty
191 (res_ty `bothType` arg_ty, App fun' arg')
193 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Lam var body)
196 (body_ty, body') = dmdAnal sigs dmd body
198 (body_ty, Lam var body')
200 | Call body_dmd <- dmd -- A call demand: good!
202 sigs' = extendSigsWithLam sigs var
203 (body_ty, body') = dmdAnal sigs' body_dmd body
204 (lam_ty, var') = annotateLamIdBndr body_ty var
206 (lam_ty, Lam var' body')
208 | otherwise -- Not enough demand on the lambda; but do the body
209 = let -- anyway to annotate it and gather free var info
210 (body_ty, body') = dmdAnal sigs evalDmd body
211 (lam_ty, var') = annotateLamIdBndr body_ty var
213 (deferType lam_ty, Lam var' body')
215 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Case scrut case_bndr ty [alt@(DataAlt dc,bndrs,rhs)])
216 | let tycon = dataConTyCon dc,
217 isProductTyCon tycon,
218 not (isRecursiveTyCon tycon)
220 sigs_alt = extendSigEnv NotTopLevel sigs case_bndr case_bndr_sig
221 (alt_ty, alt') = dmdAnalAlt sigs_alt dmd alt
222 (alt_ty1, case_bndr') = annotateBndr alt_ty case_bndr
223 (_, bndrs', _) = alt'
224 case_bndr_sig = cprSig
225 -- Inside the alternative, the case binder has the CPR property.
226 -- Meaning that a case on it will successfully cancel.
228 -- f True x = case x of y { I# x' -> if x' ==# 3 then y else I# 8 }
231 -- We want f to have the CPR property:
232 -- f b x = case fw b x of { r -> I# r }
233 -- fw True x = case x of y { I# x' -> if x' ==# 3 then x' else 8 }
236 -- Figure out whether the demand on the case binder is used, and use
237 -- that to set the scrut_dmd. This is utterly essential.
238 -- Consider f x = case x of y { (a,b) -> k y a }
239 -- If we just take scrut_demand = U(L,A), then we won't pass x to the
240 -- worker, so the worker will rebuild
241 -- x = (a, absent-error)
242 -- and that'll crash.
243 -- So at one stage I had:
244 -- dead_case_bndr = isAbsentDmd (idNewDemandInfo case_bndr')
245 -- keepity | dead_case_bndr = Drop
246 -- | otherwise = Keep
249 -- case x of y { (a,b) -> h y + a }
250 -- where h : U(LL) -> T
251 -- The above code would compute a Keep for x, since y is not Abs, which is silly
252 -- The insight is, of course, that a demand on y is a demand on the
253 -- scrutinee, so we need to `both` it with the scrut demand
255 scrut_dmd = Eval (Prod [idNewDemandInfo b | b <- bndrs', isId b])
257 idNewDemandInfo case_bndr'
259 (scrut_ty, scrut') = dmdAnal sigs scrut_dmd scrut
261 (alt_ty1 `bothType` scrut_ty, Case scrut' case_bndr' ty [alt'])
263 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Case scrut case_bndr ty alts)
265 (alt_tys, alts') = mapAndUnzip (dmdAnalAlt sigs dmd) alts
266 (scrut_ty, scrut') = dmdAnal sigs evalDmd scrut
267 (alt_ty, case_bndr') = annotateBndr (foldr1 lubType alt_tys) case_bndr
269 -- pprTrace "dmdAnal:Case" (ppr alts $$ ppr alt_tys)
270 (alt_ty `bothType` scrut_ty, Case scrut' case_bndr' ty alts')
272 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Let (NonRec id rhs) body)
274 (sigs', lazy_fv, (id1, rhs')) = dmdAnalRhs NotTopLevel NonRecursive sigs (id, rhs)
275 (body_ty, body') = dmdAnal sigs' dmd body
276 (body_ty1, id2) = annotateBndr body_ty id1
277 body_ty2 = addLazyFVs body_ty1 lazy_fv
279 -- If the actual demand is better than the vanilla call
280 -- demand, you might think that we might do better to re-analyse
281 -- the RHS with the stronger demand.
282 -- But (a) That seldom happens, because it means that *every* path in
283 -- the body of the let has to use that stronger demand
284 -- (b) It often happens temporarily in when fixpointing, because
285 -- the recursive function at first seems to place a massive demand.
286 -- But we don't want to go to extra work when the function will
287 -- probably iterate to something less demanding.
288 -- In practice, all the times the actual demand on id2 is more than
289 -- the vanilla call demand seem to be due to (b). So we don't
290 -- bother to re-analyse the RHS.
291 (body_ty2, Let (NonRec id2 rhs') body')
293 dmdAnal sigs dmd (Let (Rec pairs) body)
295 bndrs = map fst pairs
296 (sigs', lazy_fv, pairs') = dmdFix NotTopLevel sigs pairs
297 (body_ty, body') = dmdAnal sigs' dmd body
298 body_ty1 = addLazyFVs body_ty lazy_fv
300 sigs' `seq` body_ty `seq`
302 (body_ty2, _) = annotateBndrs body_ty1 bndrs
303 -- Don't bother to add demand info to recursive
304 -- binders as annotateBndr does;
305 -- being recursive, we can't treat them strictly.
306 -- But we do need to remove the binders from the result demand env
308 (body_ty2, Let (Rec pairs') body')
311 dmdAnalAlt sigs dmd (con,bndrs,rhs)
313 (rhs_ty, rhs') = dmdAnal sigs dmd rhs
314 (alt_ty, bndrs') = annotateBndrs rhs_ty bndrs
315 final_alt_ty | io_hack_reqd = alt_ty `lubType` topDmdType
318 -- There's a hack here for I/O operations. Consider
319 -- case foo x s of { (# s, r #) -> y }
320 -- Is this strict in 'y'. Normally yes, but what if 'foo' is an I/O
321 -- operation that simply terminates the program (not in an erroneous way)?
322 -- In that case we should not evaluate y before the call to 'foo'.
323 -- Hackish solution: spot the IO-like situation and add a virtual branch,
327 -- other -> return ()
328 -- So the 'y' isn't necessarily going to be evaluated
330 -- A more complete example where this shows up is:
331 -- do { let len = <expensive> ;
332 -- ; when (...) (exitWith ExitSuccess)
335 io_hack_reqd = con == DataAlt unboxedPairDataCon &&
336 idType (head bndrs) `coreEqType` realWorldStatePrimTy
338 (final_alt_ty, (con, bndrs', rhs'))
341 %************************************************************************
343 \subsection{Bindings}
345 %************************************************************************
348 dmdFix :: TopLevelFlag
349 -> SigEnv -- Does not include bindings for this binding
352 [(Id,CoreExpr)]) -- Binders annotated with stricness info
354 dmdFix top_lvl sigs orig_pairs
355 = loop 1 initial_sigs orig_pairs
357 bndrs = map fst orig_pairs
358 initial_sigs = extendSigEnvList sigs [(id, (initialSig id, top_lvl)) | id <- bndrs]
361 -> SigEnv -- Already contains the current sigs
363 -> (SigEnv, DmdEnv, [(Id,CoreExpr)])
366 = (sigs', lazy_fv, pairs')
367 -- Note: use pairs', not pairs. pairs' is the result of
368 -- processing the RHSs with sigs (= sigs'), whereas pairs
369 -- is the result of processing the RHSs with the *previous*
370 -- iteration of sigs.
372 | n >= 10 = pprTrace "dmdFix loop" (ppr n <+> (vcat
373 [ text "Sigs:" <+> ppr [(id,lookup sigs id, lookup sigs' id) | (id,_) <- pairs],
374 text "env:" <+> ppr (ufmToList sigs),
375 text "binds:" <+> pprCoreBinding (Rec pairs)]))
376 (emptySigEnv, lazy_fv, orig_pairs) -- Safe output
377 -- The lazy_fv part is really important! orig_pairs has no strictness
378 -- info, including nothing about free vars. But if we have
379 -- letrec f = ....y..... in ...f...
380 -- where 'y' is free in f, we must record that y is mentioned,
381 -- otherwise y will get recorded as absent altogether
383 | otherwise = loop (n+1) sigs' pairs'
385 found_fixpoint = all (same_sig sigs sigs') bndrs
386 -- Use the new signature to do the next pair
387 -- The occurrence analyser has arranged them in a good order
388 -- so this can significantly reduce the number of iterations needed
389 ((sigs',lazy_fv), pairs') = mapAccumL (my_downRhs top_lvl) (sigs, emptyDmdEnv) pairs
391 my_downRhs top_lvl (sigs,lazy_fv) (id,rhs)
392 = -- pprTrace "downRhs {" (ppr id <+> (ppr old_sig))
394 -- pprTrace "downRhsEnd" (ppr id <+> ppr new_sig <+> char '}' )
395 ((sigs', lazy_fv'), pair')
398 (sigs', lazy_fv1, pair') = dmdAnalRhs top_lvl Recursive sigs (id,rhs)
399 lazy_fv' = plusUFM_C both lazy_fv lazy_fv1
400 -- old_sig = lookup sigs id
401 -- new_sig = lookup sigs' id
403 same_sig sigs sigs' var = lookup sigs var == lookup sigs' var
404 lookup sigs var = case lookupVarEnv sigs var of
407 -- Get an initial strictness signature from the Id
408 -- itself. That way we make use of earlier iterations
409 -- of the fixpoint algorithm. (Cunning plan.)
410 -- Note that the cunning plan extends to the DmdEnv too,
411 -- since it is part of the strictness signature
412 initialSig id = idNewStrictness_maybe id `orElse` botSig
414 dmdAnalRhs :: TopLevelFlag -> RecFlag
415 -> SigEnv -> (Id, CoreExpr)
416 -> (SigEnv, DmdEnv, (Id, CoreExpr))
417 -- Process the RHS of the binding, add the strictness signature
418 -- to the Id, and augment the environment with the signature as well.
420 dmdAnalRhs top_lvl rec_flag sigs (id, rhs)
421 = (sigs', lazy_fv, (id', rhs'))
423 arity = idArity id -- The idArity should be up to date
424 -- The simplifier was run just beforehand
425 (rhs_dmd_ty, rhs') = dmdAnal sigs (vanillaCall arity) rhs
426 (lazy_fv, sig_ty) = WARN( arity /= dmdTypeDepth rhs_dmd_ty && not (exprIsTrivial rhs), ppr id )
427 -- The RHS can be eta-reduced to just a variable,
428 -- in which case we should not complain.
429 mkSigTy top_lvl rec_flag id rhs rhs_dmd_ty
430 id' = id `setIdNewStrictness` sig_ty
431 sigs' = extendSigEnv top_lvl sigs id sig_ty
434 %************************************************************************
436 \subsection{Strictness signatures and types}
438 %************************************************************************
441 mkTopSigTy :: CoreExpr -> DmdType -> StrictSig
442 -- Take a DmdType and turn it into a StrictSig
443 -- NB: not used for never-inline things; hence False
444 mkTopSigTy rhs dmd_ty = snd (mk_sig_ty False False rhs dmd_ty)
446 mkSigTy :: TopLevelFlag -> RecFlag -> Id -> CoreExpr -> DmdType -> (DmdEnv, StrictSig)
447 mkSigTy top_lvl rec_flag id rhs dmd_ty
448 = mk_sig_ty never_inline thunk_cpr_ok rhs dmd_ty
450 never_inline = isNeverActive (idInlinePragma id)
451 maybe_id_dmd = idNewDemandInfo_maybe id
452 -- Is Nothing the first time round
455 | isTopLevel top_lvl = False -- Top level things don't get
456 -- their demandInfo set at all
457 | isRec rec_flag = False -- Ditto recursive things
458 | Just dmd <- maybe_id_dmd = isStrictDmd dmd
459 | otherwise = True -- Optimistic, first time round
463 The thunk_cpr_ok stuff [CPR-AND-STRICTNESS]
464 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
465 If the rhs is a thunk, we usually forget the CPR info, because
466 it is presumably shared (else it would have been inlined, and
467 so we'd lose sharing if w/w'd it into a function.
469 However, if the strictness analyser has figured out (in a previous
470 iteration) that it's strict, then we DON'T need to forget the CPR info.
471 Instead we can retain the CPR info and do the thunk-splitting transform
472 (see WorkWrap.splitThunk).
474 This made a big difference to PrelBase.modInt, which had something like
475 modInt = \ x -> let r = ... -> I# v in
476 ...body strict in r...
477 r's RHS isn't a value yet; but modInt returns r in various branches, so
478 if r doesn't have the CPR property then neither does modInt
479 Another case I found in practice (in Complex.magnitude), looks like this:
480 let k = if ... then I# a else I# b
481 in ... body strict in k ....
482 (For this example, it doesn't matter whether k is returned as part of
483 the overall result; but it does matter that k's RHS has the CPR property.)
484 Left to itself, the simplifier will make a join point thus:
485 let $j k = ...body strict in k...
486 if ... then $j (I# a) else $j (I# b)
487 With thunk-splitting, we get instead
488 let $j x = let k = I#x in ...body strict in k...
489 in if ... then $j a else $j b
490 This is much better; there's a good chance the I# won't get allocated.
492 The difficulty with this is that we need the strictness type to
493 look at the body... but we now need the body to calculate the demand
494 on the variable, so we can decide whether its strictness type should
495 have a CPR in it or not. Simple solution:
496 a) use strictness info from the previous iteration
497 b) make sure we do at least 2 iterations, by doing a second
498 round for top-level non-recs. Top level recs will get at
499 least 2 iterations except for totally-bottom functions
500 which aren't very interesting anyway.
502 NB: strictly_demanded is never true of a top-level Id, or of a recursive Id.
504 The Nothing case in thunk_cpr_ok [CPR-AND-STRICTNESS]
505 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
506 Demand info now has a 'Nothing' state, just like strictness info.
507 The analysis works from 'dangerous' towards a 'safe' state; so we
508 start with botSig for 'Nothing' strictness infos, and we start with
509 "yes, it's demanded" for 'Nothing' in the demand info. The
510 fixpoint iteration will sort it all out.
512 We can't start with 'not-demanded' because then consider
516 if ... then t else I# y else f x'
518 In the first iteration we'd have no demand info for x, so assume
519 not-demanded; then we'd get TopRes for f's CPR info. Next iteration
520 we'd see that t was demanded, and so give it the CPR property, but by
521 now f has TopRes, so it will stay TopRes. Instead, with the Nothing
522 setting the first time round, we say 'yes t is demanded' the first
525 However, this does mean that for non-recursive bindings we must
526 iterate twice to be sure of not getting over-optimistic CPR info,
527 in the case where t turns out to be not-demanded. This is handled
532 mk_sig_ty never_inline thunk_cpr_ok rhs (DmdType fv dmds res)
533 | never_inline && not (isBotRes res)
535 -- Don't strictness-analyse NOINLINE things. Why not? Because
536 -- the NOINLINE says "don't expose any of the inner workings at the call
537 -- site" and the strictness is certainly an inner working.
539 -- More concretely, the demand analyser discovers the following strictness
540 -- for unsafePerformIO: C(U(AV))
542 -- unsafePerformIO (\s -> let r = f x in
543 -- case writeIORef v r s of (# s1, _ #) ->
545 -- The strictness analyser will find that the binding for r is strict,
546 -- (becuase of uPIO's strictness sig), and so it'll evaluate it before
547 -- doing the writeIORef. This actually makes tests/lib/should_run/memo002
550 -- Solution: don't expose the strictness of unsafePerformIO.
552 -- But we do want to expose the strictness of error functions,
553 -- which are also often marked NOINLINE
554 -- {-# NOINLINE foo #-}
555 -- foo x = error ("wubble buggle" ++ x)
556 -- So (hack, hack) we only drop the strictness for non-bottom things
557 -- This is all very unsatisfactory.
558 = (deferEnv fv, topSig)
561 = (lazy_fv, mkStrictSig dmd_ty)
563 dmd_ty = DmdType strict_fv final_dmds res'
565 lazy_fv = filterUFM (not . isStrictDmd) fv
566 strict_fv = filterUFM isStrictDmd fv
567 -- We put the strict FVs in the DmdType of the Id, so
568 -- that at its call sites we unleash demands on its strict fvs.
569 -- An example is 'roll' in imaginary/wheel-sieve2
570 -- Something like this:
572 -- go y = if ... then roll (x-1) else x+1
575 -- We want to see that roll is strict in x, which is because
576 -- go is called. So we put the DmdEnv for x in go's DmdType.
579 -- f :: Int -> Int -> Int
580 -- f x y = let t = x+1
581 -- h z = if z==0 then t else
582 -- if z==1 then x+1 else
586 -- Calling h does indeed evaluate x, but we can only see
587 -- that if we unleash a demand on x at the call site for t.
589 -- Incidentally, here's a place where lambda-lifting h would
590 -- lose the cigar --- we couldn't see the joint strictness in t/x
593 -- We don't want to put *all* the fv's from the RHS into the
594 -- DmdType, because that makes fixpointing very slow --- the
595 -- DmdType gets full of lazy demands that are slow to converge.
597 final_dmds = setUnpackStrategy dmds
598 -- Set the unpacking strategy
601 RetCPR | ignore_cpr_info -> TopRes
603 ignore_cpr_info = not (exprIsHNF rhs || thunk_cpr_ok)
606 The unpack strategy determines whether we'll *really* unpack the argument,
607 or whether we'll just remember its strictness. If unpacking would give
608 rise to a *lot* of worker args, we may decide not to unpack after all.
611 setUnpackStrategy :: [Demand] -> [Demand]
613 = snd (go (opt_MaxWorkerArgs - nonAbsentArgs ds) ds)
615 go :: Int -- Max number of args available for sub-components of [Demand]
617 -> (Int, [Demand]) -- Args remaining after subcomponents of [Demand] are unpacked
619 go n (Eval (Prod cs) : ds)
620 | n' >= 0 = Eval (Prod cs') `cons` go n'' ds
621 | otherwise = Box (Eval (Prod cs)) `cons` go n ds
624 n' = n + 1 - non_abs_args
625 -- Add one to the budget 'cos we drop the top-level arg
626 non_abs_args = nonAbsentArgs cs
627 -- Delete # of non-absent args to which we'll now be committed
629 go n (d:ds) = d `cons` go n ds
632 cons d (n,ds) = (n, d:ds)
634 nonAbsentArgs :: [Demand] -> Int
636 nonAbsentArgs (Abs : ds) = nonAbsentArgs ds
637 nonAbsentArgs (d : ds) = 1 + nonAbsentArgs ds
641 %************************************************************************
643 \subsection{Strictness signatures and types}
645 %************************************************************************
648 splitDmdTy :: DmdType -> (Demand, DmdType)
649 -- Split off one function argument
650 -- We already have a suitable demand on all
651 -- free vars, so no need to add more!
652 splitDmdTy (DmdType fv (dmd:dmds) res_ty) = (dmd, DmdType fv dmds res_ty)
653 splitDmdTy ty@(DmdType fv [] res_ty) = (resTypeArgDmd res_ty, ty)
657 unitVarDmd var dmd = DmdType (unitVarEnv var dmd) [] TopRes
659 addVarDmd top_lvl dmd_ty@(DmdType fv ds res) var dmd
660 | isTopLevel top_lvl = dmd_ty -- Don't record top level things
661 | otherwise = DmdType (extendVarEnv fv var dmd) ds res
663 addLazyFVs (DmdType fv ds res) lazy_fvs
664 = DmdType both_fv1 ds res
666 both_fv = (plusUFM_C both fv lazy_fvs)
667 both_fv1 = modifyEnv (isBotRes res) (`both` Bot) lazy_fvs fv both_fv
668 -- This modifyEnv is vital. Consider
669 -- let f = \x -> (x,y)
671 -- Here, y is treated as a lazy-fv of f, but we must `both` that L
672 -- demand with the bottom coming up from 'error'
674 -- I got a loop in the fixpointer without this, due to an interaction
675 -- with the lazy_fv filtering in mkSigTy. Roughly, it was
677 -- = letrec g y = x `fatbar`
678 -- letrec h z = z + ...g...
681 -- In the initial iteration for f, f=Bot
682 -- Suppose h is found to be strict in z, but the occurrence of g in its RHS
683 -- is lazy. Now consider the fixpoint iteration for g, esp the demands it
684 -- places on its free variables. Suppose it places none. Then the
685 -- x `fatbar` ...call to h...
686 -- will give a x->V demand for x. That turns into a L demand for x,
687 -- which floats out of the defn for h. Without the modifyEnv, that
688 -- L demand doesn't get both'd with the Bot coming up from the inner
689 -- call to f. So we just get an L demand for x for g.
691 -- A better way to say this is that the lazy-fv filtering should give the
692 -- same answer as putting the lazy fv demands in the function's type.
694 annotateBndr :: DmdType -> Var -> (DmdType, Var)
695 -- The returned env has the var deleted
696 -- The returned var is annotated with demand info
697 -- No effect on the argument demands
698 annotateBndr dmd_ty@(DmdType fv ds res) var
699 | isTyVar var = (dmd_ty, var)
700 | otherwise = (DmdType fv' ds res, setIdNewDemandInfo var dmd)
702 (fv', dmd) = removeFV fv var res
704 annotateBndrs = mapAccumR annotateBndr
706 annotateLamIdBndr dmd_ty@(DmdType fv ds res) id
707 -- For lambdas we add the demand to the argument demands
708 -- Only called for Ids
710 (DmdType fv' (hacked_dmd:ds) res, setIdNewDemandInfo id hacked_dmd)
712 (fv', dmd) = removeFV fv id res
713 hacked_dmd = argDemand dmd
714 -- This call to argDemand is vital, because otherwise we label
715 -- a lambda binder with demand 'B'. But in terms of calling
716 -- conventions that's Abs, because we don't pass it. But
717 -- when we do a w/w split we get
718 -- fw x = (\x y:B -> ...) x (error "oops")
719 -- And then the simplifier things the 'B' is a strict demand
720 -- and evaluates the (error "oops"). Sigh
722 removeFV fv id res = (fv', zapUnlifted id dmd)
724 fv' = fv `delVarEnv` id
725 dmd = lookupVarEnv fv id `orElse` deflt
726 deflt | isBotRes res = Bot
729 -- For unlifted-type variables, we are only
730 -- interested in Bot/Abs/Box Abs
731 zapUnlifted is Bot = Bot
732 zapUnlifted id Abs = Abs
733 zapUnlifted id dmd | isUnLiftedType (idType id) = lazyDmd
737 %************************************************************************
739 \subsection{Strictness signatures}
741 %************************************************************************
744 type SigEnv = VarEnv (StrictSig, TopLevelFlag)
745 -- We use the SigEnv to tell us whether to
746 -- record info about a variable in the DmdEnv
747 -- We do so if it's a LocalId, but not top-level
749 -- The DmdEnv gives the demand on the free vars of the function
750 -- when it is given enough args to satisfy the strictness signature
752 emptySigEnv = emptyVarEnv
754 extendSigEnv :: TopLevelFlag -> SigEnv -> Id -> StrictSig -> SigEnv
755 extendSigEnv top_lvl env var sig = extendVarEnv env var (sig, top_lvl)
757 extendSigEnvList = extendVarEnvList
759 extendSigsWithLam :: SigEnv -> Id -> SigEnv
760 -- Extend the SigEnv when we meet a lambda binder
761 -- If the binder is marked demanded with a product demand, then give it a CPR
762 -- signature, because in the likely event that this is a lambda on a fn defn
763 -- [we only use this when the lambda is being consumed with a call demand],
764 -- it'll be w/w'd and so it will be CPR-ish. E.g.
765 -- f = \x::(Int,Int). if ...strict in x... then
769 -- We want f to have the CPR property because x does, by the time f has been w/w'd
771 -- Also note that we only want to do this for something that
772 -- definitely has product type, else we may get over-optimistic
773 -- CPR results (e.g. from \x -> x!).
775 extendSigsWithLam sigs id
776 = case idNewDemandInfo_maybe id of
777 Nothing -> extendVarEnv sigs id (cprSig, NotTopLevel)
778 -- Optimistic in the Nothing case;
779 -- See notes [CPR-AND-STRICTNESS]
780 Just (Eval (Prod ds)) -> extendVarEnv sigs id (cprSig, NotTopLevel)
784 dmdTransform :: SigEnv -- The strictness environment
785 -> Id -- The function
786 -> Demand -- The demand on the function
787 -> DmdType -- The demand type of the function in this context
788 -- Returned DmdEnv includes the demand on
789 -- this function plus demand on its free variables
791 dmdTransform sigs var dmd
793 ------ DATA CONSTRUCTOR
794 | isDataConWorkId var -- Data constructor
796 StrictSig dmd_ty = idNewStrictness var -- It must have a strictness sig
797 DmdType _ _ con_res = dmd_ty
800 if arity == call_depth then -- Saturated, so unleash the demand
802 -- Important! If we Keep the constructor application, then
803 -- we need the demands the constructor places (always lazy)
804 -- If not, we don't need to. For example:
805 -- f p@(x,y) = (p,y) -- S(AL)
807 -- It's vital that we don't calculate Absent for a!
808 dmd_ds = case res_dmd of
809 Box (Eval ds) -> mapDmds box ds
813 -- ds can be empty, when we are just seq'ing the thing
814 -- If so we must make up a suitable bunch of demands
815 arg_ds = case dmd_ds of
816 Poly d -> replicate arity d
817 Prod ds -> ASSERT( ds `lengthIs` arity ) ds
820 mkDmdType emptyDmdEnv arg_ds con_res
821 -- Must remember whether it's a product, hence con_res, not TopRes
825 ------ IMPORTED FUNCTION
826 | isGlobalId var, -- Imported function
827 let StrictSig dmd_ty = idNewStrictness var
828 = if dmdTypeDepth dmd_ty <= call_depth then -- Saturated, so unleash the demand
833 ------ LOCAL LET/REC BOUND THING
834 | Just (StrictSig dmd_ty, top_lvl) <- lookupVarEnv sigs var
836 fn_ty | dmdTypeDepth dmd_ty <= call_depth = dmd_ty
837 | otherwise = deferType dmd_ty
838 -- NB: it's important to use deferType, and not just return topDmdType
839 -- Consider let { f x y = p + x } in f 1
840 -- The application isn't saturated, but we must nevertheless propagate
841 -- a lazy demand for p!
843 addVarDmd top_lvl fn_ty var dmd
845 ------ LOCAL NON-LET/REC BOUND THING
846 | otherwise -- Default case
850 (call_depth, res_dmd) = splitCallDmd dmd
854 %************************************************************************
858 %************************************************************************
861 splitCallDmd :: Demand -> (Int, Demand)
862 splitCallDmd (Call d) = case splitCallDmd d of
864 splitCallDmd d = (0, d)
866 vanillaCall :: Arity -> Demand
867 vanillaCall 0 = evalDmd
868 vanillaCall n = Call (vanillaCall (n-1))
870 deferType :: DmdType -> DmdType
871 deferType (DmdType fv _ _) = DmdType (deferEnv fv) [] TopRes
872 -- Notice that we throw away info about both arguments and results
873 -- For example, f = let ... in \x -> x
874 -- We don't want to get a stricness type V->T for f.
877 deferEnv :: DmdEnv -> DmdEnv
878 deferEnv fv = mapVarEnv defer fv
882 argDemand :: Demand -> Demand
883 -- The 'Defer' demands are just Lazy at function boundaries
884 -- Ugly! Ask John how to improve it.
885 argDemand Top = lazyDmd
886 argDemand (Defer d) = lazyDmd
887 argDemand (Eval ds) = Eval (mapDmds argDemand ds)
888 argDemand (Box Bot) = evalDmd
889 argDemand (Box d) = box (argDemand d)
890 argDemand Bot = Abs -- Don't pass args that are consumed (only) by bottom
895 -------------------------
896 -- Consider (if x then y else []) with demand V
897 -- Then the first branch gives {y->V} and the second
898 -- *implicitly* has {y->A}. So we must put {y->(V `lub` A)}
899 -- in the result env.
900 lubType (DmdType fv1 ds1 r1) (DmdType fv2 ds2 r2)
901 = DmdType lub_fv2 (lub_ds ds1 ds2) (r1 `lubRes` r2)
903 lub_fv = plusUFM_C lub fv1 fv2
904 lub_fv1 = modifyEnv (not (isBotRes r1)) absLub fv2 fv1 lub_fv
905 lub_fv2 = modifyEnv (not (isBotRes r2)) absLub fv1 fv2 lub_fv1
906 -- lub is the identity for Bot
908 -- Extend the shorter argument list to match the longer
909 lub_ds (d1:ds1) (d2:ds2) = lub d1 d2 : lub_ds ds1 ds2
911 lub_ds ds1 [] = map (`lub` resTypeArgDmd r2) ds1
912 lub_ds [] ds2 = map (resTypeArgDmd r1 `lub`) ds2
914 -----------------------------------
915 -- (t1 `bothType` t2) takes the argument/result info from t1,
916 -- using t2 just for its free-var info
917 -- NB: Don't forget about r2! It might be BotRes, which is
918 -- a bottom demand on all the in-scope variables.
919 -- Peter: can this be done more neatly?
920 bothType (DmdType fv1 ds1 r1) (DmdType fv2 ds2 r2)
921 = DmdType both_fv2 ds1 (r1 `bothRes` r2)
923 both_fv = plusUFM_C both fv1 fv2
924 both_fv1 = modifyEnv (isBotRes r1) (`both` Bot) fv2 fv1 both_fv
925 both_fv2 = modifyEnv (isBotRes r2) (`both` Bot) fv1 fv2 both_fv1
926 -- both is the identity for Abs
933 lubRes RetCPR RetCPR = RetCPR
934 lubRes r1 r2 = TopRes
936 -- If either diverges, the whole thing does
937 -- Otherwise take CPR info from the first
938 bothRes r1 BotRes = BotRes
943 modifyEnv :: Bool -- No-op if False
944 -> (Demand -> Demand) -- The zapper
945 -> DmdEnv -> DmdEnv -- Env1 and Env2
946 -> DmdEnv -> DmdEnv -- Transform this env
947 -- Zap anything in Env1 but not in Env2
948 -- Assume: dom(env) includes dom(Env1) and dom(Env2)
950 modifyEnv need_to_modify zapper env1 env2 env
951 | need_to_modify = foldr zap env (keysUFM (env1 `minusUFM` env2))
954 zap uniq env = addToUFM_Directly env uniq (zapper current_val)
956 current_val = expectJust "modifyEnv" (lookupUFM_Directly env uniq)
960 %************************************************************************
962 \subsection{LUB and BOTH}
964 %************************************************************************
967 lub :: Demand -> Demand -> Demand
970 lub Abs d2 = absLub d2
972 lub (Defer ds1) d2 = defer (Eval ds1 `lub` d2)
974 lub (Call d1) (Call d2) = Call (d1 `lub` d2)
975 lub d1@(Call _) (Box d2) = d1 `lub` d2 -- Just strip the box
976 lub d1@(Call _) d2@(Eval _) = d2 -- Presumably seq or vanilla eval
977 lub d1@(Call _) d2 = d2 `lub` d1 -- Bot, Abs, Top
979 -- For the Eval case, we use these approximation rules
980 -- Box Bot <= Eval (Box Bot ...)
981 -- Box Top <= Defer (Box Bot ...)
982 -- Box (Eval ds) <= Eval (map Box ds)
983 lub (Eval ds1) (Eval ds2) = Eval (ds1 `lubs` ds2)
984 lub (Eval ds1) (Box Bot) = Eval (mapDmds (`lub` Box Bot) ds1)
985 lub (Eval ds1) (Box (Eval ds2)) = Eval (ds1 `lubs` mapDmds box ds2)
986 lub (Eval ds1) (Box Abs) = deferEval (mapDmds (`lub` Box Bot) ds1)
987 lub d1@(Eval _) d2 = d2 `lub` d1 -- Bot,Abs,Top,Call,Defer
989 lub (Box d1) (Box d2) = box (d1 `lub` d2)
990 lub d1@(Box _) d2 = d2 `lub` d1
992 lubs = zipWithDmds lub
994 ---------------------
995 -- box is the smart constructor for Box
996 -- It computes <B,bot> & d
997 -- INVARIANT: (Box d) => d = Bot, Abs, Eval
998 -- Seems to be no point in allowing (Box (Call d))
999 box (Call d) = Call d -- The odd man out. Why?
1001 box (Defer _) = lazyDmd
1002 box Top = lazyDmd -- Box Abs and Box Top
1003 box Abs = lazyDmd -- are the same <B,L>
1004 box d = Box d -- Bot, Eval
1007 defer :: Demand -> Demand
1009 -- defer is the smart constructor for Defer
1010 -- The idea is that (Defer ds) = <U(ds), L>
1012 -- It specifies what happens at a lazy function argument
1013 -- or a lambda; the L* operator
1014 -- Set the strictness part to L, but leave
1015 -- the boxity side unaffected
1016 -- It also ensures that Defer (Eval [LLLL]) = L
1021 defer (Call _) = lazyDmd -- Approximation here?
1022 defer (Box _) = lazyDmd
1023 defer (Defer ds) = Defer ds
1024 defer (Eval ds) = deferEval ds
1026 -- deferEval ds = defer (Eval ds)
1027 deferEval ds | allTop ds = Top
1028 | otherwise = Defer ds
1030 ---------------------
1031 absLub :: Demand -> Demand
1032 -- Computes (Abs `lub` d)
1033 -- For the Bot case consider
1034 -- f x y = if ... then x else error x
1035 -- Then for y we get Abs `lub` Bot, and we really
1040 absLub (Call _) = Top
1041 absLub (Box _) = Top
1042 absLub (Eval ds) = Defer (absLubs ds) -- Or (Defer ds)?
1043 absLub (Defer ds) = Defer (absLubs ds) -- Or (Defer ds)?
1045 absLubs = mapDmds absLub
1048 both :: Demand -> Demand -> Demand
1054 both Bot (Eval ds) = Eval (mapDmds (`both` Bot) ds)
1057 -- From 'error' itself we get demand Bot on x
1058 -- From the arg demand on x we get
1059 -- x :-> evalDmd = Box (Eval (Poly Abs))
1060 -- So we get Bot `both` Box (Eval (Poly Abs))
1061 -- = Seq Keep (Poly Bot)
1064 -- f x = if ... then error (fst x) else fst x
1065 -- Then we get (Eval (Box Bot, Bot) `lub` Eval (SA))
1067 -- which is what we want.
1070 both Top Bot = errDmd
1073 both Top (Box d) = Box d
1074 both Top (Call d) = Call d
1075 both Top (Eval ds) = Eval (mapDmds (`both` Top) ds)
1076 both Top (Defer ds) -- = defer (Top `both` Eval ds)
1077 -- = defer (Eval (mapDmds (`both` Top) ds))
1078 = deferEval (mapDmds (`both` Top) ds)
1081 both (Box d1) (Box d2) = box (d1 `both` d2)
1082 both (Box d1) d2@(Call _) = box (d1 `both` d2)
1083 both (Box d1) d2@(Eval _) = box (d1 `both` d2)
1084 both (Box d1) (Defer d2) = Box d1
1085 both d1@(Box _) d2 = d2 `both` d1
1087 both (Call d1) (Call d2) = Call (d1 `both` d2)
1088 both (Call d1) (Eval ds2) = Call d1 -- Could do better for (Poly Bot)?
1089 both (Call d1) (Defer ds2) = Call d1 -- Ditto
1090 both d1@(Call _) d2 = d1 `both` d1
1092 both (Eval ds1) (Eval ds2) = Eval (ds1 `boths` ds2)
1093 both (Eval ds1) (Defer ds2) = Eval (ds1 `boths` mapDmds defer ds2)
1094 both d1@(Eval ds1) d2 = d2 `both` d1
1096 both (Defer ds1) (Defer ds2) = deferEval (ds1 `boths` ds2)
1097 both d1@(Defer ds1) d2 = d2 `both` d1
1099 boths = zipWithDmds both
1104 %************************************************************************
1106 \subsection{Miscellaneous
1108 %************************************************************************
1112 #ifdef OLD_STRICTNESS
1113 get_changes binds = vcat (map get_changes_bind binds)
1115 get_changes_bind (Rec pairs) = vcat (map get_changes_pr pairs)
1116 get_changes_bind (NonRec id rhs) = get_changes_pr (id,rhs)
1118 get_changes_pr (id,rhs)
1119 = get_changes_var id $$ get_changes_expr rhs
1122 | isId var = get_changes_str var $$ get_changes_dmd var
1125 get_changes_expr (Type t) = empty
1126 get_changes_expr (Var v) = empty
1127 get_changes_expr (Lit l) = empty
1128 get_changes_expr (Note n e) = get_changes_expr e
1129 get_changes_expr (App e1 e2) = get_changes_expr e1 $$ get_changes_expr e2
1130 get_changes_expr (Lam b e) = {- get_changes_var b $$ -} get_changes_expr e
1131 get_changes_expr (Let b e) = get_changes_bind b $$ get_changes_expr e
1132 get_changes_expr (Case e b a) = get_changes_expr e $$ {- get_changes_var b $$ -} vcat (map get_changes_alt a)
1134 get_changes_alt (con,bs,rhs) = {- vcat (map get_changes_var bs) $$ -} get_changes_expr rhs
1137 | new_better && old_better = empty
1138 | new_better = message "BETTER"
1139 | old_better = message "WORSE"
1140 | otherwise = message "INCOMPARABLE"
1142 message word = text word <+> text "strictness for" <+> ppr id <+> info
1143 info = (text "Old" <+> ppr old) $$ (text "New" <+> ppr new)
1144 new = squashSig (idNewStrictness id) -- Don't report spurious diffs that the old
1145 -- strictness analyser can't track
1146 old = newStrictnessFromOld (idName id) (idArity id) (idStrictness id) (idCprInfo id)
1147 old_better = old `betterStrictness` new
1148 new_better = new `betterStrictness` old
1151 | isUnLiftedType (idType id) = empty -- Not useful
1152 | new_better && old_better = empty
1153 | new_better = message "BETTER"
1154 | old_better = message "WORSE"
1155 | otherwise = message "INCOMPARABLE"
1157 message word = text word <+> text "demand for" <+> ppr id <+> info
1158 info = (text "Old" <+> ppr old) $$ (text "New" <+> ppr new)
1159 new = squashDmd (argDemand (idNewDemandInfo id)) -- To avoid spurious improvements
1161 old = newDemand (idDemandInfo id)
1162 new_better = new `betterDemand` old
1163 old_better = old `betterDemand` new
1165 betterStrictness :: StrictSig -> StrictSig -> Bool
1166 betterStrictness (StrictSig t1) (StrictSig t2) = betterDmdType t1 t2
1168 betterDmdType t1 t2 = (t1 `lubType` t2) == t2
1170 betterDemand :: Demand -> Demand -> Bool
1171 -- If d1 `better` d2, and d2 `better` d2, then d1==d2
1172 betterDemand d1 d2 = (d1 `lub` d2) == d2
1174 squashSig (StrictSig (DmdType fv ds res))
1175 = StrictSig (DmdType emptyDmdEnv (map squashDmd ds) res)
1177 -- squash just gets rid of call demands
1178 -- which the old analyser doesn't track
1179 squashDmd (Call d) = evalDmd
1180 squashDmd (Box d) = Box (squashDmd d)
1181 squashDmd (Eval ds) = Eval (mapDmds squashDmd ds)
1182 squashDmd (Defer ds) = Defer (mapDmds squashDmd ds)