1 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 * (c) The GHC Team, 2001-2006
7 * The notion of a capability is used when operating in multi-threaded
8 * environments (which the THREADED_RTS build of the RTS does), to
9 * hold all the state an OS thread/task needs to run Haskell code:
10 * its STG registers, a pointer to its TSO, a nursery etc. During
11 * STG execution, a pointer to the capabilitity is kept in a
14 * Only in an THREADED_RTS build will there be multiple capabilities,
15 * in the non-threaded builds there is one global capability, namely
18 * This header file contains the functions for working with capabilities.
19 * (the main, and only, consumer of this interface is the scheduler).
21 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
31 // State required by the STG virtual machine when running Haskell
32 // code. During STG execution, the BaseReg register always points
33 // to the StgRegTable of the current Capability (&cap->r).
35 StgRegTable r GNU_ATTRIBUTE(packed);
36 // packed eliminates any padding between f and r. Not strictly
37 // necessary, but it means the negative offsets for accessing
38 // the fields of f when we are in STG code are as small as
41 nat no; // capability number.
43 // The Task currently holding this Capability. This task has
44 // exclusive access to the contents of this Capability (apart from
45 // returning_tasks_hd/returning_tasks_tl).
46 // Locks required: cap->lock.
49 // true if this Capability is running Haskell code, used for
50 // catching unsafe call-ins.
53 // The run queue. The Task owning this Capability has exclusive
54 // access to its run queue, so can wake up threads without
55 // taking a lock, and the common path through the scheduler is
60 // Tasks currently making safe foreign calls. Doubly-linked.
61 // When returning, a task first acquires the Capability before
62 // removing itself from this list, so that the GC can find all
63 // the suspended TSOs easily. Hence, when migrating a Task from
64 // the returning_tasks list, we must also migrate its entry from
66 Task *suspended_ccalling_tasks;
68 // One mutable list per generation, so we don't need to take any
69 // locks when updating an old-generation thunk. These
70 // mini-mut-lists are moved onto the respective gen->mut_list at
74 // Context switch flag. We used to have one global flag, now one
75 // per capability. Locks required : none (conflicts are harmless)
78 #if defined(THREADED_RTS)
79 // Worker Tasks waiting in the wings. Singly-linked.
82 // This lock protects running_task, returning_tasks_{hd,tl}, wakeup_queue.
85 // Tasks waiting to return from a foreign call, or waiting to make
86 // a new call-in using this Capability (NULL if empty).
87 // NB. this field needs to be modified by tasks other than the
88 // running_task, so it requires cap->lock to modify. A task can
89 // check whether it is NULL without taking the lock, however.
90 Task *returning_tasks_hd; // Singly-linked, with head/tail
91 Task *returning_tasks_tl;
93 // A list of threads to append to this Capability's run queue at
94 // the earliest opportunity. These are threads that have been
95 // woken up by another Capability.
96 StgTSO *wakeup_queue_hd;
97 StgTSO *wakeup_queue_tl;
101 // Stats on spark creation/conversion
103 nat sparks_converted;
107 // Per-capability STM-related data
108 StgTVarWatchQueue *free_tvar_watch_queues;
109 StgInvariantCheckQueue *free_invariant_check_queues;
110 StgTRecChunk *free_trec_chunks;
111 StgTRecHeader *free_trec_headers;
112 nat transaction_tokens;
113 } // typedef Capability is defined in RtsAPI.h
114 // Capabilities are stored in an array, so make sure that adjacent
115 // Capabilities don't share any cache-lines:
116 #ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
117 ATTRIBUTE_ALIGNED(64)
122 #if defined(THREADED_RTS)
123 #define ASSERT_TASK_ID(task) ASSERT(task->id == osThreadId())
125 #define ASSERT_TASK_ID(task) /*empty*/
128 // These properties should be true when a Task is holding a Capability
129 #define ASSERT_FULL_CAPABILITY_INVARIANTS(cap,task) \
130 ASSERT(cap->running_task != NULL && cap->running_task == task); \
131 ASSERT(task->cap == cap); \
132 ASSERT_PARTIAL_CAPABILITY_INVARIANTS(cap,task)
134 // Sometimes a Task holds a Capability, but the Task is not associated
135 // with that Capability (ie. task->cap != cap). This happens when
136 // (a) a Task holds multiple Capabilities, and (b) when the current
137 // Task is bound, its thread has just blocked, and it may have been
138 // moved to another Capability.
139 #define ASSERT_PARTIAL_CAPABILITY_INVARIANTS(cap,task) \
140 ASSERT(cap->run_queue_hd == END_TSO_QUEUE ? \
141 cap->run_queue_tl == END_TSO_QUEUE : 1); \
142 ASSERT(myTask() == task); \
143 ASSERT_TASK_ID(task);
145 // Converts a *StgRegTable into a *Capability.
147 #define OFFSET(s_type, field) ((size_t)&(((s_type*)0)->field))
149 INLINE_HEADER Capability *
150 regTableToCapability (StgRegTable *reg)
152 return (Capability *)((void *)((unsigned char*)reg - OFFSET(Capability,r)));
155 // Initialise the available capabilities.
157 void initCapabilities (void);
159 // Release a capability. This is called by a Task that is exiting
160 // Haskell to make a foreign call, or in various other cases when we
161 // want to relinquish a Capability that we currently hold.
163 // ASSUMES: cap->running_task is the current Task.
165 #if defined(THREADED_RTS)
166 void releaseCapability (Capability* cap);
167 void releaseAndWakeupCapability (Capability* cap);
168 void releaseCapability_ (Capability* cap, rtsBool always_wakeup);
169 // assumes cap->lock is held
171 // releaseCapability() is empty in non-threaded RTS
172 INLINE_HEADER void releaseCapability (Capability* cap STG_UNUSED) {};
173 INLINE_HEADER void releaseAndWakeupCapability (Capability* cap STG_UNUSED) {};
174 INLINE_HEADER void releaseCapability_ (Capability* cap STG_UNUSED,
175 rtsBool always_wakeup STG_UNUSED) {};
179 // one global capability
180 extern Capability MainCapability;
183 // Array of all the capabilities
185 extern nat n_capabilities;
186 extern Capability *capabilities;
188 // The Capability that was last free. Used as a good guess for where
189 // to assign new threads.
191 extern Capability *last_free_capability;
193 // GC indicator, in scope for the scheduler
194 extern volatile StgWord waiting_for_gc;
196 // Acquires a capability at a return point. If *cap is non-NULL, then
197 // this is taken as a preference for the Capability we wish to
200 // OS threads waiting in this function get priority over those waiting
201 // in waitForCapability().
203 // On return, *cap is non-NULL, and points to the Capability acquired.
205 void waitForReturnCapability (Capability **cap/*in/out*/, Task *task);
207 INLINE_HEADER void recordMutableCap (StgClosure *p, Capability *cap, nat gen);
209 #if defined(THREADED_RTS)
211 // Gives up the current capability IFF there is a higher-priority
212 // thread waiting for it. This happens in one of two ways:
214 // (a) we are passing the capability to another OS thread, so
215 // that it can run a bound Haskell thread, or
217 // (b) there is an OS thread waiting to return from a foreign call
219 // On return: *pCap is NULL if the capability was released. The
220 // current task should then re-acquire it using waitForCapability().
222 void yieldCapability (Capability** pCap, Task *task);
224 // Acquires a capability for doing some work.
226 // On return: pCap points to the capability.
228 void waitForCapability (Task *task, Mutex *mutex, Capability **pCap);
230 // Wakes up a thread on a Capability (probably a different Capability
231 // from the one held by the current Task).
233 void wakeupThreadOnCapability (Capability *my_cap, Capability *other_cap,
236 // Wakes up a worker thread on just one Capability, used when we
237 // need to service some global event.
239 void prodOneCapability (void);
241 // Similar to prodOneCapability(), but prods all of them.
243 void prodAllCapabilities (void);
245 // Waits for a capability to drain of runnable threads and workers,
246 // and then acquires it. Used at shutdown time.
248 void shutdownCapability (Capability *cap, Task *task, rtsBool wait_foreign);
250 // Attempt to gain control of a Capability if it is free.
252 rtsBool tryGrabCapability (Capability *cap, Task *task);
254 // Try to find a spark to run
256 StgClosure *findSpark (Capability *cap);
258 // True if any capabilities have sparks
260 rtsBool anySparks (void);
262 INLINE_HEADER rtsBool emptySparkPoolCap (Capability *cap);
263 INLINE_HEADER nat sparkPoolSizeCap (Capability *cap);
264 INLINE_HEADER void discardSparksCap (Capability *cap);
266 #else // !THREADED_RTS
268 // Grab a capability. (Only in the non-threaded RTS; in the threaded
269 // RTS one of the waitFor*Capability() functions must be used).
271 extern void grabCapability (Capability **pCap);
273 #endif /* !THREADED_RTS */
275 // cause all capabilities to context switch as soon as possible.
276 void setContextSwitches(void);
278 // Free all capabilities
279 void freeCapabilities (void);
282 void markSomeCapabilities (evac_fn evac, void *user, nat i0, nat delta,
283 rtsBool prune_sparks);
284 void markCapabilities (evac_fn evac, void *user);
285 void traverseSparkQueues (evac_fn evac, void *user);
287 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
288 * INLINE functions... private below here
289 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
292 recordMutableCap (StgClosure *p, Capability *cap, nat gen)
296 // We must own this Capability in order to modify its mutable list.
297 ASSERT(cap->running_task == myTask());
298 bd = cap->mut_lists[gen];
299 if (bd->free >= bd->start + BLOCK_SIZE_W) {
301 new_bd = allocBlock_lock();
304 cap->mut_lists[gen] = bd;
306 *bd->free++ = (StgWord)p;
309 #if defined(THREADED_RTS)
310 INLINE_HEADER rtsBool
311 emptySparkPoolCap (Capability *cap)
312 { return looksEmpty(cap->sparks); }
315 sparkPoolSizeCap (Capability *cap)
316 { return sparkPoolSize(cap->sparks); }
319 discardSparksCap (Capability *cap)
320 { return discardSparks(cap->sparks); }
323 #endif /* CAPABILITY_H */