%
+% (c) The University of Glasgow 2006
% (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1998
%
-\section[Type]{Type - public interface}
+Type - public interface
\begin{code}
+{-# OPTIONS -w #-}
+-- The above warning supression flag is a temporary kludge.
+-- While working on this module you are encouraged to remove it and fix
+-- any warnings in the module. See
+-- http://hackage.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/CodingStyle#Warnings
+-- for details
+
module Type (
-- re-exports from TypeRep
TyThing(..), Type, PredType(..), ThetaType,
splitTyConApp_maybe, splitTyConApp,
splitNewTyConApp_maybe, splitNewTyConApp,
- repType, typePrimRep, coreView, tcView, kindView,
+ repType, typePrimRep, coreView, tcView, kindView, rttiView,
mkForAllTy, mkForAllTys, splitForAllTy_maybe, splitForAllTys,
applyTy, applyTys, isForAllTy, dropForAlls,
-- Source types
- predTypeRep, mkPredTy, mkPredTys,
+ predTypeRep, mkPredTy, mkPredTys, pprSourceTyCon, mkFamilyTyConApp,
-- Newtypes
- splitRecNewType_maybe, newTyConInstRhs,
+ newTyConInstRhs,
-- Lifting and boxity
- isUnLiftedType, isUnboxedTupleType, isAlgType, isPrimitiveType,
- isStrictType, isStrictPred,
+ isUnLiftedType, isUnboxedTupleType, isAlgType, isClosedAlgType,
+ isPrimitiveType, isStrictType, isStrictPred,
-- Free variables
tyVarsOfType, tyVarsOfTypes, tyVarsOfPred, tyVarsOfTheta,
typeKind, addFreeTyVars,
+ -- Type families
+ tyFamInsts,
+
-- Tidying up for printing
tidyType, tidyTypes,
tidyOpenType, tidyOpenTypes,
-- Comparison
coreEqType, tcEqType, tcEqTypes, tcCmpType, tcCmpTypes,
- tcEqPred, tcCmpPred, tcEqTypeX,
+ tcEqPred, tcCmpPred, tcEqTypeX, tcPartOfType, tcPartOfPred,
-- Seq
seqType, seqTypes,
mkTvSubst, mkOpenTvSubst, zipOpenTvSubst, zipTopTvSubst, mkTopTvSubst, notElemTvSubst,
getTvSubstEnv, setTvSubstEnv, getTvInScope, extendTvInScope,
extendTvSubst, extendTvSubstList, isInScope, composeTvSubst, zipTyEnv,
+ isEmptyTvSubst,
-- Performing substitution on types
substTy, substTys, substTyWith, substTheta,
- substPred, substTyVar, substTyVarBndr, deShadowTy, lookupTyVar,
+ substPred, substTyVar, substTyVars, substTyVarBndr, deShadowTy, lookupTyVar,
-- Pretty-printing
- pprType, pprParendType, pprTyThingCategory,
+ pprType, pprParendType, pprTypeApp, pprTyThingCategory, pprTyThing, pprForAll,
pprPred, pprTheta, pprThetaArrow, pprClassPred, pprKind, pprParendKind
) where
import TypeRep
-- friends:
-import Var ( Var, TyVar, tyVarKind, tyVarName,
- setTyVarName, setTyVarKind, mkWildCoVar )
+import Var
import VarEnv
import VarSet
-import OccName ( tidyOccName )
-import Name ( NamedThing(..), tidyNameOcc )
-import Class ( Class, classTyCon )
-import PrelNames( openTypeKindTyConKey, unliftedTypeKindTyConKey,
- ubxTupleKindTyConKey, argTypeKindTyConKey )
-import TyCon ( TyCon, isRecursiveTyCon, isPrimTyCon,
- isUnboxedTupleTyCon, isUnLiftedTyCon,
- isFunTyCon, isNewTyCon, isClosedNewTyCon,
- newTyConRep, newTyConRhs,
- isAlgTyCon, tyConArity, isSuperKindTyCon,
- tcExpandTyCon_maybe, coreExpandTyCon_maybe,
- tyConKind, PrimRep(..), tyConPrimRep, tyConUnique,
- isCoercionTyCon
- )
+import Name
+import Class
+import PrelNames
+import TyCon
-- others
-import StaticFlags ( opt_DictsStrict )
-import Util ( mapAccumL, seqList, lengthIs, snocView, thenCmp, isEqual, all2 )
+import StaticFlags
+import Util
import Outputable
-import UniqSet ( sizeUniqSet ) -- Should come via VarSet
-import Maybe ( isJust )
+import UniqSet
+
+import Data.List
+import Data.Maybe ( isJust )
\end{code}
tcView ty = Nothing
-----------------------------------------------
+rttiView :: Type -> Type
+-- Same, but for the RTTI system, which cannot deal with predicates nor polymorphism
+rttiView (ForAllTy _ ty) = rttiView ty
+rttiView (NoteTy _ ty) = rttiView ty
+rttiView (FunTy PredTy{} ty) = rttiView ty
+rttiView (FunTy NoteTy{} ty) = rttiView ty
+rttiView ty@TyConApp{} | Just ty' <- coreView ty
+ = rttiView ty'
+rttiView (TyConApp tc tys) = mkTyConApp tc (map rttiView tys)
+rttiView ty = ty
+
+-----------------------------------------------
{-# INLINE kindView #-}
kindView :: Kind -> Maybe Kind
-- C.f. coreView, tcView
-- Does the AppTy split, but assumes that any view stuff is already done
repSplitAppTy_maybe (FunTy ty1 ty2) = Just (TyConApp funTyCon [ty1], ty2)
repSplitAppTy_maybe (AppTy ty1 ty2) = Just (ty1, ty2)
-repSplitAppTy_maybe (TyConApp tc tys) = case snocView tys of
- Just (tys', ty') -> Just (TyConApp tc tys', ty')
- Nothing -> Nothing
-repSplitAppTy_maybe other = Nothing
+repSplitAppTy_maybe (TyConApp tc tys)
+ | not (isOpenSynTyCon tc) || length tys > tyConArity tc
+ = case snocView tys of -- never create unsaturated type family apps
+ Just (tys', ty') -> Just (TyConApp tc tys', ty')
+ Nothing -> Nothing
+repSplitAppTy_maybe _other = Nothing
-------------
splitAppTy :: Type -> (Type, Type)
splitAppTy ty = case splitAppTy_maybe ty of
where
split orig_ty ty args | Just ty' <- coreView ty = split orig_ty ty' args
split orig_ty (AppTy ty arg) args = split ty ty (arg:args)
- split orig_ty (TyConApp tc tc_args) args = (TyConApp tc [], tc_args ++ args)
+ split orig_ty (TyConApp tc tc_args) args
+ = let -- keep type families saturated
+ n | isOpenSynTyCon tc = tyConArity tc
+ | otherwise = 0
+ (tc_args1, tc_args2) = splitAt n tc_args
+ in
+ (TyConApp tc tc_args1, tc_args2 ++ args)
split orig_ty (FunTy ty1 ty2) args = ASSERT( null args )
(TyConApp funTyCon [], [ty1,ty2])
split orig_ty ty args = (orig_ty, args)
splitNewTyConApp_maybe (FunTy arg res) = Just (funTyCon, [arg,res])
splitNewTyConApp_maybe other = Nothing
--- get instantiated newtype rhs, the arguments had better saturate
--- the constructor
newTyConInstRhs :: TyCon -> [Type] -> Type
-newTyConInstRhs tycon tys =
- let (tvs, ty) = newTyConRhs tycon in substTyWith tvs tys ty
-
+-- Unwrap one 'layer' of newtype
+-- Use the eta'd version if possible
+newTyConInstRhs tycon tys
+ = ASSERT2( equalLength tvs tys1, ppr tycon $$ ppr tys $$ ppr tvs )
+ mkAppTys (substTyWith tvs tys1 ty) tys2
+ where
+ (tvs, ty) = newTyConEtadRhs tycon
+ (tys1, tys2) = splitAtList tvs tys
\end{code}
interfaces. Notably this plays a role in tcTySigs in TcBinds.lhs.
+Note [Expanding newtypes]
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+When expanding a type to expose a data-type constructor, we need to be
+careful about newtypes, lest we fall into an infinite loop. Here are
+the key examples:
+
+ newtype Id x = MkId x
+ newtype Fix f = MkFix (f (Fix f))
+ newtype T = MkT (T -> T)
+
+ Type Expansion
+ --------------------------
+ T T -> T
+ Fix Maybe Maybe (Fix Maybe)
+ Id (Id Int) Int
+ Fix Id NO NO NO
+
+Notice that we can expand T, even though it's recursive.
+And we can expand Id (Id Int), even though the Id shows up
+twice at the outer level.
+
+So, when expanding, we keep track of when we've seen a recursive
+newtype at outermost level; and bale out if we see it again.
+
+
Representation types
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
repType looks through
\begin{code}
repType :: Type -> Type
-- Only applied to types of kind *; hence tycons are saturated
-repType ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = repType ty'
-repType (ForAllTy _ ty) = repType ty
-repType (TyConApp tc tys)
- | isClosedNewTyCon tc = -- Recursive newtypes are opaque to coreView
- -- but we must expand them here. Sure to
- -- be saturated because repType is only applied
- -- to types of kind *
- ASSERT( {- isRecursiveTyCon tc && -} tys `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
- repType (new_type_rep tc tys)
-repType ty = ty
-
--- new_type_rep doesn't ask any questions:
--- it just expands newtype, whether recursive or not
-new_type_rep new_tycon tys = ASSERT( tys `lengthIs` tyConArity new_tycon )
- case newTyConRep new_tycon of
- (tvs, rep_ty) -> substTyWith tvs tys rep_ty
+repType ty
+ = go [] ty
+ where
+ go :: [TyCon] -> Type -> Type
+ go rec_nts ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty -- Expand synonyms
+ = go rec_nts ty'
+
+ go rec_nts (ForAllTy _ ty) -- Look through foralls
+ = go rec_nts ty
+
+ go rec_nts ty@(TyConApp tc tys) -- Expand newtypes
+ | Just co_con <- newTyConCo_maybe tc -- See Note [Expanding newtypes]
+ = if tc `elem` rec_nts -- in Type.lhs
+ then ty
+ else go rec_nts' nt_rhs
+ where
+ nt_rhs = newTyConInstRhs tc tys
+ rec_nts' | isRecursiveTyCon tc = tc:rec_nts
+ | otherwise = rec_nts
+
+ go rec_nts ty = ty
+
-- ToDo: this could be moved to the code generator, using splitTyConApp instead
-- of inspecting the type directly.
-- The reason is that f must have kind *->*, not *->*#, because
-- (we claim) there is no way to constrain f's kind any other
-- way.
-
\end{code}
-- Result might be a newtype application, but the consumer will
-- look through that too if necessary
predTypeRep (EqPred ty1 ty2) = pprPanic "predTypeRep" (ppr (EqPred ty1 ty2))
-\end{code}
-
-
-%************************************************************************
-%* *
- NewTypes
-%* *
-%************************************************************************
-
-\begin{code}
-splitRecNewType_maybe :: Type -> Maybe Type
--- Sometimes we want to look through a recursive newtype, and that's what happens here
--- It only strips *one layer* off, so the caller will usually call itself recursively
--- Only applied to types of kind *, hence the newtype is always saturated
-splitRecNewType_maybe ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = splitRecNewType_maybe ty'
-splitRecNewType_maybe (TyConApp tc tys)
- | isClosedNewTyCon tc
- = ASSERT( tys `lengthIs` tyConArity tc ) -- splitRecNewType_maybe only be applied
- -- to *types* (of kind *)
- ASSERT( isRecursiveTyCon tc ) -- Guaranteed by coreView
- case newTyConRhs tc of
- (tvs, rep_ty) -> ASSERT( length tvs == length tys )
- Just (substTyWith tvs tys rep_ty)
-
-splitRecNewType_maybe other = Nothing
-
-
+mkFamilyTyConApp :: TyCon -> [Type] -> Type
+-- Given a family instance TyCon and its arg types, return the
+-- corresponding family type. E.g.
+-- data family T a
+-- data instance T (Maybe b) = MkT b -- Instance tycon :RTL
+-- Then
+-- mkFamilyTyConApp :RTL Int = T (Maybe Int)
+mkFamilyTyConApp tc tys
+ | Just (fam_tc, fam_tys) <- tyConFamInst_maybe tc
+ , let fam_subst = zipTopTvSubst (tyConTyVars tc) tys
+ = mkTyConApp fam_tc (substTys fam_subst fam_tys)
+ | otherwise
+ = mkTyConApp tc tys
+
+-- Pretty prints a tycon, using the family instance in case of a
+-- representation tycon. For example
+-- e.g. data T [a] = ...
+-- In that case we want to print `T [a]', where T is the family TyCon
+pprSourceTyCon tycon
+ | Just (fam_tc, tys) <- tyConFamInst_maybe tycon
+ = ppr $ fam_tc `TyConApp` tys -- can't be FunTyCon
+ | otherwise
+ = ppr tycon
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
+\subsection{Type families}
+%* *
+%************************************************************************
+
+Type family instances occuring in a type after expanding synonyms.
+
+\begin{code}
+tyFamInsts :: Type -> [(TyCon, [Type])]
+tyFamInsts ty
+ | Just exp_ty <- tcView ty = tyFamInsts exp_ty
+tyFamInsts (TyVarTy _) = []
+tyFamInsts (TyConApp tc tys)
+ | isOpenSynTyCon tc = [(tc, tys)]
+ | otherwise = concat (map tyFamInsts tys)
+tyFamInsts (FunTy ty1 ty2) = tyFamInsts ty1 ++ tyFamInsts ty2
+tyFamInsts (AppTy ty1 ty2) = tyFamInsts ty1 ++ tyFamInsts ty2
+tyFamInsts (ForAllTy _ ty) = tyFamInsts ty
+\end{code}
+
+
+%************************************************************************
+%* *
\subsection{TidyType}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
tidyTyVarBndr :: TidyEnv -> TyVar -> (TidyEnv, TyVar)
-tidyTyVarBndr (tidy_env, subst) tyvar
+tidyTyVarBndr env@(tidy_env, subst) tyvar
= case tidyOccName tidy_env (getOccName name) of
- (tidy', occ') -> ((tidy', subst'), tyvar')
- where
- subst' = extendVarEnv subst tyvar tyvar'
- tyvar' = setTyVarName tyvar name'
- name' = tidyNameOcc name occ'
+ (tidy', occ') -> ((tidy', subst'), tyvar'')
+ where
+ subst' = extendVarEnv subst tyvar tyvar''
+ tyvar' = setTyVarName tyvar name'
+ name' = tidyNameOcc name occ'
+ -- Don't forget to tidy the kind for coercions!
+ tyvar'' | isCoVar tyvar = setTyVarKind tyvar' kind'
+ | otherwise = tyvar'
+ kind' = tidyType env (tyVarKind tyvar)
where
name = tyVarName tyvar
-- Should only be applied to *types*; hence the assert
isAlgType :: Type -> Bool
-isAlgType ty = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
- Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
- isAlgTyCon tc
- other -> False
+isAlgType ty
+ = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
+ Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
+ isAlgTyCon tc
+ _other -> False
+
+-- Should only be applied to *types*; hence the assert
+isClosedAlgType :: Type -> Bool
+isClosedAlgType ty
+ = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
+ Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
+ isAlgTyCon tc && not (isOpenTyCon tc)
+ _other -> False
\end{code}
@isStrictType@ computes whether an argument (or let RHS) should
tcEqTypeX env t1 t2 = isEqual $ cmpTypeX env t1 t2
\end{code}
+Checks whether the second argument is a subterm of the first. (We don't care
+about binders, as we are only interested in syntactic subterms.)
+
+\begin{code}
+tcPartOfType :: Type -> Type -> Bool
+tcPartOfType t1 t2
+ | tcEqType t1 t2 = True
+tcPartOfType t1 t2
+ | Just t2' <- tcView t2 = tcPartOfType t1 t2'
+tcPartOfType _ (TyVarTy _) = False
+tcPartOfType t1 (ForAllTy _ t2) = tcPartOfType t1 t2
+tcPartOfType t1 (AppTy s2 t2) = tcPartOfType t1 s2 || tcPartOfType t1 t2
+tcPartOfType t1 (FunTy s2 t2) = tcPartOfType t1 s2 || tcPartOfType t1 t2
+tcPartOfType t1 (PredTy p2) = tcPartOfPred t1 p2
+tcPartOfType t1 (TyConApp _ ts) = any (tcPartOfType t1) ts
+tcPartOfType t1 (NoteTy _ t2) = tcPartOfType t1 t2
+
+tcPartOfPred :: Type -> PredType -> Bool
+tcPartOfPred t1 (IParam _ t2) = tcPartOfType t1 t2
+tcPartOfPred t1 (ClassP _ ts) = any (tcPartOfType t1) ts
+tcPartOfPred t1 (EqPred s2 t2) = tcPartOfType t1 s2 || tcPartOfType t1 t2
+\end{code}
+
Now here comes the real worker
\begin{code}
-------------
cmpPredX :: RnEnv2 -> PredType -> PredType -> Ordering
cmpPredX env (IParam n1 ty1) (IParam n2 ty2) = (n1 `compare` n2) `thenCmp` cmpTypeX env ty1 ty2
- -- Compare types as well as names for implicit parameters
- -- This comparison is used exclusively (I think) for the
- -- finite map built in TcSimplify
-cmpPredX env (ClassP c1 tys1) (ClassP c2 tys2) = (c1 `compare` c2) `thenCmp` cmpTypesX env tys1 tys2
-cmpPredX env (IParam _ _) (ClassP _ _) = LT
-cmpPredX env (ClassP _ _) (IParam _ _) = GT
+ -- Compare names only for implicit parameters
+ -- This comparison is used exclusively (I believe)
+ -- for the Avails finite map built in TcSimplify
+ -- If the types differ we keep them distinct so that we see
+ -- a distinct pair to run improvement on
+cmpPredX env (ClassP c1 tys1) (ClassP c2 tys2) = (c1 `compare` c2) `thenCmp` (cmpTypesX env tys1 tys2)
cmpPredX env (EqPred ty1 ty2) (EqPred ty1' ty2') = (cmpTypeX env ty1 ty1') `thenCmp` (cmpTypeX env ty2 ty2')
+
+-- Constructor order: IParam < ClassP < EqPred
+cmpPredX env (IParam {}) _ = LT
+cmpPredX env (ClassP {}) (IParam {}) = GT
+cmpPredX env (ClassP {}) (EqPred {}) = LT
+cmpPredX env (EqPred {}) _ = GT
\end{code}
PredTypes are used as a FM key in TcSimplify,
data TvSubst
= TvSubst InScopeSet -- The in-scope type variables
TvSubstEnv -- The substitution itself
- -- See Note [Apply Once]
+ -- See Note [Apply Once]
+ -- and Note [Extending the TvSubstEnv]
{- ----------------------------------------------------------
- Note [Apply Once]
+Note [Apply Once]
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
We use TvSubsts to instantiate things, and we might instantiate
forall a b. ty
\with the types
A TvSubst is not idempotent, but, unlike the non-idempotent substitution
we use during unifications, it must not be repeatedly applied.
+
+Note [Extending the TvSubst]
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The following invariant should hold of a TvSubst
+
+ The in-scope set is needed *only* to
+ guide the generation of fresh uniques
+
+ In particular, the *kind* of the type variables in
+ the in-scope set is not relevant
+
+This invariant allows a short-cut when the TvSubstEnv is empty:
+if the TvSubstEnv is empty --- i.e. (isEmptyTvSubt subst) holds ---
+then (substTy subst ty) does nothing.
+
+For example, consider:
+ (/\a. /\b:(a~Int). ...b..) Int
+We substitute Int for 'a'. The Unique of 'b' does not change, but
+nevertheless we add 'b' to the TvSubstEnv, because b's type does change
+
+This invariant has several crucial consequences:
+
+* In substTyVarBndr, we need extend the TvSubstEnv
+ - if the unique has changed
+ - or if the kind has changed
+
+* In substTyVar, we do not need to consult the in-scope set;
+ the TvSubstEnv is enough
+
+* In substTy, substTheta, we can short-circuit when the TvSubstEnv is empty
+
+
-------------------------------------------------------------- -}
emptyTvSubst = TvSubst emptyInScopeSet emptyVarEnv
isEmptyTvSubst :: TvSubst -> Bool
+ -- See Note [Extending the TvSubstEnv]
isEmptyTvSubst (TvSubst _ env) = isEmptyVarEnv env
mkTvSubst :: InScopeSet -> TvSubstEnv -> TvSubst
zipTopTvSubst tyvars tys
#ifdef DEBUG
| length tyvars /= length tys
- = pprTrace "zipOpenTvSubst" (ppr tyvars $$ ppr tys) emptyTvSubst
+ = pprTrace "zipTopTvSubst" (ppr tyvars $$ ppr tys) emptyTvSubst
| otherwise
#endif
= TvSubst emptyInScopeSet (zipTyEnv tyvars tys)
substTyVar :: TvSubst -> TyVar -> Type
substTyVar subst@(TvSubst in_scope env) tv
= case lookupTyVar subst tv of {
- Nothing -> TyVarTy tv;
+ Nothing -> TyVarTy tv;
Just ty -> ty -- See Note [Apply Once]
}
+substTyVars :: TvSubst -> [TyVar] -> [Type]
+substTyVars subst tvs = map (substTyVar subst) tvs
+
lookupTyVar :: TvSubst -> TyVar -> Maybe Type
+ -- See Note [Extending the TvSubst]
lookupTyVar (TvSubst in_scope env) tv = lookupVarEnv env tv
substTyVarBndr :: TvSubst -> TyVar -> (TvSubst, TyVar)
substTyVarBndr subst@(TvSubst in_scope env) old_var
= (TvSubst (in_scope `extendInScopeSet` new_var) new_env, new_var)
where
+ is_co_var = isCoVar old_var
new_env | no_change = delVarEnv env old_var
| otherwise = extendVarEnv env old_var (TyVarTy new_var)
no_change = new_var == old_var && not is_co_var
-- no_change means that the new_var is identical in
-- all respects to the old_var (same unique, same kind)
+ -- See Note [Extending the TvSubst]
--
-- In that case we don't need to extend the substitution
-- to map old to new. But instead we must zap any
-- The uniqAway part makes sure the new variable is not already in scope
subst_old_var -- subst_old_var is old_var with the substitution applied to its kind
- -- It's only worth doing the substitution for coercions,
- -- becuase only they can have free type variables
- | is_co_var = setTyVarKind old_var (substTy subst kind)
+ -- It's only worth doing the substitution for coercions,
+ -- becuase only they can have free type variables
+ | is_co_var = setTyVarKind old_var (substTy subst (tyVarKind old_var))
| otherwise = old_var
- kind = tyVarKind old_var
- is_co_var = isCoercionKind kind
\end{code}
----------------------------------------------------
isKind :: Kind -> Bool
isKind k = isSuperKind (typeKind k)
-
-
isSubKind :: Kind -> Kind -> Bool
-- (k1 `isSubKind` k2) checks that k1 <: k2
isSubKind (TyConApp kc1 []) (TyConApp kc2 []) = kc1 `isSubKindCon` kc2
| isSubArgTypeKind k = liftedTypeKind
| otherwise = k
-isCoercionKind :: Kind -> Bool
--- All coercions are of form (ty1 :=: ty2)
--- This function is here rather than in Coercion,
--- because it's used by substTy
-isCoercionKind k | Just k' <- kindView k = isCoercionKind k'
-isCoercionKind (PredTy (EqPred {})) = True
-isCoercionKind other = False
-
isEqPred :: PredType -> Bool
isEqPred (EqPred _ _) = True
isEqPred other = False