TyVarSubst,
superKind, superBoxity, -- KX and BX respectively
- boxedBoxity, unboxedBoxity, -- :: BX
+ liftedBoxity, unliftedBoxity, -- :: BX
openKindCon, -- :: KX
typeCon, -- :: BX -> KX
- boxedTypeKind, unboxedTypeKind, openTypeKind, -- :: KX
+ liftedTypeKind, unliftedTypeKind, openTypeKind, -- :: KX
mkArrowKind, mkArrowKinds, -- :: KX -> KX -> KX
usageKindCon, -- :: KX
import Class ( Class )
-- others
-import PrelNames ( superKindName, superBoxityName, boxedConName,
- unboxedConName, typeConName, openKindConName, funTyConName,
- usageKindConName, usOnceTyConName, usManyTyConName
+import PrelNames ( superKindName, superBoxityName, liftedConName,
+ unliftedConName, typeConName, openKindConName,
+ usageKindConName, usOnceTyConName, usManyTyConName,
+ funTyConName
)
\end{code}
A type is
*unboxed* iff its representation is other than a pointer
- Unboxed types cannot instantiate a type variable.
- Unboxed types are always unlifted.
+ Unboxed types are also unlifted.
*lifted* A type is lifted iff it has bottom as an element.
Closures always have lifted types: i.e. any
let-bound identifier in Core must have a lifted
type. Operationally, a lifted object is one that
can be entered.
- (NOTE: previously "pointed").
+
+ Only lifted types may be unified with a type variable.
*algebraic* A type with one or more constructors, whether declared
with "data" or "newtype".
Predicates are represented inside GHC by PredType:
\begin{code}
-data PredType = Class Class [Type]
+data PredType = ClassP Class [Type]
| IParam Name Type
\end{code}
~~~~~
kind :: KX = kind -> kind
- | Type boxity -- (Type *) is printed as just *
+ | Type liftedness -- (Type *) is printed as just *
-- (Type #) is printed as just #
| UsageKind -- Printed '$'; used for usage annotations
- | OpenKind -- Can be boxed or unboxed
+ | OpenKind -- Can be lifted or unlifted
-- Printed '?'
| kv -- A kind variable; *only* happens during kind checking
-boxity :: BX = * -- Boxed
- | # -- Unboxed
+boxity :: BX = * -- Lifted
+ | # -- Unlifted
| bv -- A boxity variable; *only* happens during kind checking
There's a little subtyping at the kind level:
1. The universally quantified type variable(s) for special built-in
things like error :: forall (a::?). String -> a.
- Here, the 'a' can be instantiated to a boxed or unboxed type.
+ Here, the 'a' can be instantiated to a lifted or unlifted type.
2. Kind '?' is also used when the typechecker needs to create a fresh
type variable, one that may very well later be unified with a type.
For example, suppose f::a, and we see an application (f x). Then a
must be a function type, so we unify a with (b->c). But what kind
- are b and c? They can be boxed or unboxed types, so we give them kind '?'.
+ are b and c? They can be lifted or unlifted types, so we give them
+ kind '?'.
When the type checker generalises over a bunch of type variables, it
makes any that still have kind '?' into kind '*'. So kind '?' is never
Define boxities: @*@ and @#@
\begin{code}
-boxedBoxity, unboxedBoxity :: Kind -- :: BX
-boxedBoxity = TyConApp (mkKindCon boxedConName superBoxity) []
+liftedBoxity, unliftedBoxity :: Kind -- :: BX
+liftedBoxity = TyConApp (mkKindCon liftedConName superBoxity) []
-unboxedBoxity = TyConApp (mkKindCon unboxedConName superBoxity) []
+unliftedBoxity = TyConApp (mkKindCon unliftedConName superBoxity) []
\end{code}
------------------------------------------
typeCon :: KindCon -- :: BX -> KX
typeCon = mkKindCon typeConName (superBoxity `FunTy` superKind)
-boxedTypeKind, unboxedTypeKind, openTypeKind :: Kind -- Of superkind superKind
+liftedTypeKind, unliftedTypeKind, openTypeKind :: Kind -- Of superkind superKind
-boxedTypeKind = TyConApp typeCon [boxedBoxity]
-unboxedTypeKind = TyConApp typeCon [unboxedBoxity]
+liftedTypeKind = TyConApp typeCon [liftedBoxity]
+unliftedTypeKind = TyConApp typeCon [unliftedBoxity]
openKindCon = mkKindCon openKindConName superKind
openTypeKind = TyConApp openKindCon []
We define a few wired-in type constructors here to avoid module knots
\begin{code}
-funTyCon = mkFunTyCon funTyConName (mkArrowKinds [boxedTypeKind, boxedTypeKind] boxedTypeKind)
+funTyCon = mkFunTyCon funTyConName (mkArrowKinds [liftedTypeKind, liftedTypeKind] liftedTypeKind)
\end{code}
------------------------------------------