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- <h1>The GHC Commentary - Outline of the Genesis</h1>
- <p>
- Building GHC happens in two stages: First you have to prepare the tree
- with <code>make boot</code>; and second, you build the compiler and
- associated libraries with <code>make all</code>. The <code>boot</code>
- stage builds some tools used during the main build process, generates
- parsers and other pre-computed source, and finally computes dependency
- information. There is considerable detail on the build process in GHC's
- <a
- href="http://haskell.cs.yale.edu/ghc/docs/latest/building/building-guide.html">Building Guide.</a>
-
- <h4>Debugging the Beast</h4>
- <p>
- If you are hacking the compiler or like to play with unstable
- development versions, chances are that the compiler someday just crashes
- on you. Then, it is a good idea to load the <code>core</code> into
- <code>gdb</code> as usual, but unfortunately there is usually not too
- much useful information.
- <p>
- The next step, then, is somewhat tedious. You should build a compiler
- producing programs with a runtime system that has debugging turned on
- and use that to build the crashing compiler. There are many sanity
- checks in the RTS, which may detect inconsistency before they lead to a
- crash and you may include more debugging information, which helps
- <code>gdb.</code> For a RTS with debugging turned on, add the following
- to <code>build.mk</code> (see also the comment in
- <a
- href="http://cvs.haskell.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/fptools/mk/config.mk.in"><code>config.mk.in</code></a> that you find when searching for
- <code>GhcRtsHcOpts</code>):
-<blockquote><pre>
-GhcRtsHcOpts+=-optc-DDEBUG
-GhcRtsCcOpts+=-g
-EXTRA_LD_OPTS=-lbfd -liberty</pre></blockquote>
- <p>
- Then go into <code>fptools/ghc/rts</code> and <code>make clean boot &&
- make all</code>. With the resulting runtime system, you have to re-link
- the compiler. Go into <code>fptools/ghc/compiler</code>, delete the
- file <code>hsc</code> (up to version 4.08) or
- <code>ghc-<version></code>, and execute <code>make all</code>.
- <p>
- The <code>EXTRA_LD_OPTS</code> are necessary as some of the debugging
- code uses the BFD library, which in turn requires <code>liberty</code>.
- I would also recommend (in 4.11 and from 5.0 upwards) adding these linker
- options to the files <code>package.conf</code> and
- <code>package.conf.inplace</code> in the directory
- <code>fptools/ghc/driver/</code> to the <code>extra_ld_opts</code> entry
- of the package <code>RTS</code>. Otherwise, you have to supply them
- whenever you compile and link a program with a compiler that uses the
- debugging RTS for the programs it produces.
- <p>
- To run GHC up to version 4.08 in <code>gdb</code>, first invoke the
- compiler as usual, but pass it the option <code>-v</code>. This will
- show you the exact invocation of the compiler proper <code>hsc</code>.
- Run <code>hsc</code> with these options in <code>gdb</code>. The
- development version 4.11 and stable releases from 5.0 on do no longer
- use the Perl driver; so, you can run them directly with gdb.
- <p>
- <strong>Debugging a compiler during building from HC files.</strong>
- If you are boot strapping the compiler on new platform from HC files and
- it crashes somewhere during the build (e.g., when compiling the
- libraries), do as explained above, but you may have to re-configure the
- build system with <code>--enable-hc-boot</code> before re-making the
- code in <code>fptools/ghc/driver/</code>.
- If you do this with a compiler up to version 4.08, run the build process
- with <code>make EXTRA_HC_OPTS=-v</code> to get the exact arguments with
- which you have to invoke <code>hsc</code> in <code>gdb</code>.
-
- <p><small>
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-Last modified: Sun Apr 24 22:16:30 CEST 2005
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