+% -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+% $Id: PrelBase.lhs,v 1.45 2001/04/14 22:28:22 qrczak Exp $
%
-% (c) The GRAP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1992-1996
+% (c) The University of Glasgow, 1992-2000
%
\section[PrelBase]{Module @PrelBase@}
+The overall structure of the GHC Prelude is a bit tricky.
+
+ a) We want to avoid "orphan modules", i.e. ones with instance
+ decls that don't belong either to a tycon or a class
+ defined in the same module
+
+ b) We want to avoid giant modules
+
+So the rough structure is as follows, in (linearised) dependency order
+
+
+PrelGHC Has no implementation. It defines built-in things, and
+ by importing it you bring them into scope.
+ The source file is PrelGHC.hi-boot, which is just
+ copied to make PrelGHC.hi
+
+ Classes: CCallable, CReturnable
+
+PrelBase Classes: Eq, Ord, Functor, Monad
+ Types: list, (), Int, Bool, Ordering, Char, String
+
+PrelTup Types: tuples, plus instances for PrelBase classes
+
+PrelShow Class: Show, plus instances for PrelBase/PrelTup types
+
+PrelEnum Class: Enum, plus instances for PrelBase/PrelTup types
+
+PrelMaybe Type: Maybe, plus instances for PrelBase classes
+
+PrelNum Class: Num, plus instances for Int
+ Type: Integer, plus instances for all classes so far (Eq, Ord, Num, Show)
+
+ Integer is needed here because it is mentioned in the signature
+ of 'fromInteger' in class Num
+
+PrelReal Classes: Real, Integral, Fractional, RealFrac
+ plus instances for Int, Integer
+ Types: Ratio, Rational
+ plus intances for classes so far
+
+ Rational is needed here because it is mentioned in the signature
+ of 'toRational' in class Real
+
+Ix Classes: Ix, plus instances for Int, Bool, Char, Integer, Ordering, tuples
+
+PrelArr Types: Array, MutableArray, MutableVar
+
+ Does *not* contain any ByteArray stuff (see PrelByteArr)
+ Arrays are used by a function in PrelFloat
+
+PrelFloat Classes: Floating, RealFloat
+ Types: Float, Double, plus instances of all classes so far
+
+ This module contains everything to do with floating point.
+ It is a big module (900 lines)
+ With a bit of luck, many modules can be compiled without ever reading PrelFloat.hi
+
+PrelByteArr Types: ByteArray, MutableByteArray
+
+ We want this one to be after PrelFloat, because it defines arrays
+ of unboxed floats.
+
+
+Other Prelude modules are much easier with fewer complex dependencies.
+
+
\begin{code}
{-# OPTIONS -fno-implicit-prelude #-}
+#include "MachDeps.h"
+
module PrelBase
(
module PrelBase,
- module PrelGHC -- Re-export PrelGHC, to avoid lots of people
- -- having to import it explicitly
+ module PrelGHC, -- Re-export PrelGHC and PrelErr, to avoid lots
+ module PrelErr -- of people having to import it explicitly
)
where
-import {-# SOURCE #-} PrelErr ( error )
import PrelGHC
+import {-# SOURCE #-} PrelErr
infixr 9 .
-infixl 9 !!
-infixl 7 *
-infixl 6 +, -
infixr 5 ++, :
infix 4 ==, /=, <, <=, >=, >
infixr 3 &&
infixr 2 ||
infixl 1 >>, >>=
infixr 0 $
+
+default () -- Double isn't available yet
+\end{code}
+
+
+%*********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{DEBUGGING STUFF}
+%* (for use when compiling PrelBase itself doesn't work)
+%* *
+%*********************************************************
+
+\begin{code}
+{-
+data Bool = False | True
+data Ordering = LT | EQ | GT
+data Char = C# Char#
+type String = [Char]
+data Int = I# Int#
+data () = ()
+data [] a = MkNil
+
+not True = False
+(&&) True True = True
+otherwise = True
+
+build = error "urk"
+foldr = error "urk"
+
+unpackCString# :: Addr# -> [Char]
+unpackFoldrCString# :: Addr# -> (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> a
+unpackAppendCString# :: Addr# -> [Char] -> [Char]
+unpackCStringUtf8# :: Addr# -> [Char]
+unpackCString# a = error "urk"
+unpackFoldrCString# a = error "urk"
+unpackAppendCString# a = error "urk"
+unpackCStringUtf8# a = error "urk"
+-}
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Standard classes @Eq@, @Ord@, @Bounded@
+\subsection{Standard classes @Eq@, @Ord@}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
class Eq a where
- (==), (/=) :: a -> a -> Bool
+ (==), (/=) :: a -> a -> Bool
- x /= y = not (x == y)
- x == y = not (x /= y)
+ x /= y = not (x == y)
+ x == y = not (x /= y)
class (Eq a) => Ord a where
- compare :: a -> a -> Ordering
- (<), (<=), (>=), (>):: a -> a -> Bool
- max, min :: a -> a -> a
+ compare :: a -> a -> Ordering
+ (<), (<=), (>), (>=) :: a -> a -> Bool
+ max, min :: a -> a -> a
+
+ -- An instance of Ord should define either 'compare' or '<='.
+ -- Using 'compare' can be more efficient for complex types.
--- An instance of Ord should define either compare or <=
--- Using compare can be more efficient for complex types.
compare x y
- | x == y = EQ
- | x <= y = LT
- | otherwise = GT
-
- x <= y = compare x y /= GT
- x < y = compare x y == LT
- x >= y = compare x y /= LT
- x > y = compare x y == GT
- max x y = case (compare x y) of { LT -> y ; EQ -> x ; GT -> x }
- min x y = case (compare x y) of { LT -> x ; EQ -> x ; GT -> y }
-
-class Bounded a where
- minBound, maxBound :: a
+ | x == y = EQ
+ | x <= y = LT -- NB: must be '<=' not '<' to validate the
+ -- above claim about the minimal things that
+ -- can be defined for an instance of Ord
+ | otherwise = GT
+
+ x < y = case compare x y of { LT -> True; _other -> False }
+ x <= y = case compare x y of { GT -> False; _other -> True }
+ x > y = case compare x y of { GT -> True; _other -> False }
+ x >= y = case compare x y of { LT -> False; _other -> True }
+
+ -- These two default methods use '<=' rather than 'compare'
+ -- because the latter is often more expensive
+ max x y = if x <= y then y else x
+ min x y = if x <= y then x else y
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
class Functor f where
- fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
+ fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
class Monad m where
(>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
m >> k = m >>= \_ -> k
fail s = error s
-
-\end{code}
-
-
-%*********************************************************
-%* *
-\subsection{Classes @Num@ and @Enum@}
-%* *
-%*********************************************************
-
-\begin{code}
-class Enum a where
- succ, pred :: a -> a
- toEnum :: Int -> a
- fromEnum :: a -> Int
- enumFrom :: a -> [a] -- [n..]
- enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a] -- [n,n'..]
- enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a] -- [n..m]
- enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a] -- [n,n'..m]
-
- succ = toEnum . (+1) . fromEnum
- pred = toEnum . (+(-1)) . fromEnum
- enumFromTo n m = map toEnum [fromEnum n .. fromEnum m]
- enumFromThenTo n n' m
- = map toEnum [fromEnum n, fromEnum n' .. fromEnum m]
-
-class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where
- (+), (-), (*) :: a -> a -> a
- negate :: a -> a
- abs, signum :: a -> a
- fromInteger :: Integer -> a
- fromInt :: Int -> a -- partain: Glasgow extension
-
- x - y = x + negate y
- negate x = 0 - x
- fromInt (I# i#) = fromInteger (case int2Integer# i# of
- (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d)
- -- Go via the standard class-op if the
- -- non-standard one ain't provided
-\end{code}
-
-\begin{code}
-chr :: Int -> Char
-chr = toEnum
-ord :: Char -> Int
-ord = fromEnum
-
-ord_0 :: Num a => a
-ord_0 = fromInt (ord '0')
-
-{-# SPECIALISE subtract :: Int -> Int -> Int #-}
-subtract :: (Num a) => a -> a -> a
-subtract x y = y - x
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{The @Show@ class}
-%* *
-%*********************************************************
-
-\begin{code}
-type ShowS = String -> String
-
-class Show a where
- showsPrec :: Int -> a -> ShowS
- show :: a -> String
- showList :: [a] -> ShowS
-
- showList ls = showList__ (showsPrec 0) ls
- showsPrec _ x s = show x ++ s
- show x = showsPrec 0 x ""
-\end{code}
-
-%*********************************************************
-%* *
\subsection{The list type}
%* *
%*********************************************************
-- to avoid weird names like con2tag_[]#
-
instance (Eq a) => Eq [a] where
- [] == [] = True
+ {-# SPECIALISE instance Eq [Char] #-}
+ [] == [] = True
(x:xs) == (y:ys) = x == y && xs == ys
- _xs == _ys = False
-
- xs /= ys = if (xs == ys) then False else True
+ _xs == _ys = False
instance (Ord a) => Ord [a] where
- a < b = case compare a b of { LT -> True; EQ -> False; GT -> False }
- a <= b = case compare a b of { LT -> True; EQ -> True; GT -> False }
- a >= b = case compare a b of { LT -> False; EQ -> True; GT -> True }
- a > b = case compare a b of { LT -> False; EQ -> False; GT -> True }
-
- max a b = case compare a b of { LT -> b; EQ -> a; GT -> a }
- min a b = case compare a b of { LT -> a; EQ -> a; GT -> b }
+ {-# SPECIALISE instance Ord [Char] #-}
compare [] [] = EQ
- compare (_:_) [] = GT
compare [] (_:_) = LT
+ compare (_:_) [] = GT
compare (x:xs) (y:ys) = case compare x y of
- LT -> LT
- GT -> GT
- EQ -> compare xs ys
-
-map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
-map _ [] = []
-map f (x:xs) = f x : map f xs
-
-(++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
-[] ++ ys = ys
-(x:xs) ++ ys = x : (xs ++ ys)
+ EQ -> compare xs ys
+ other -> other
instance Functor [] where
fmap = map
m >> k = foldr ((++) . (\ _ -> k)) [] m
return x = [x]
fail _ = []
+\end{code}
+
+A few list functions that appear here because they are used here.
+The rest of the prelude list functions are in PrelList.
-instance (Show a) => Show [a] where
- showsPrec _ = showList
- showList ls = showList__ (showsPrec 0) ls
+----------------------------------------------
+-- foldr/build/augment
+----------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{code}
+foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
+-- foldr _ z [] = z
+-- foldr f z (x:xs) = f x (foldr f z xs)
+{-# INLINE foldr #-}
+foldr k z xs = go xs
+ where
+ go [] = z
+ go (y:ys) = y `k` go ys
+
+build :: forall a. (forall b. (a -> b -> b) -> b -> b) -> [a]
+{-# INLINE 2 build #-}
+ -- The INLINE is important, even though build is tiny,
+ -- because it prevents [] getting inlined in the version that
+ -- appears in the interface file. If [] *is* inlined, it
+ -- won't match with [] appearing in rules in an importing module.
+ --
+ -- The "2" says to inline in phase 2
+
+build g = g (:) []
+
+augment :: forall a. (forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
+{-# INLINE 2 augment #-}
+augment g xs = g (:) xs
+
+{-# RULES
+"fold/build" forall k z (g::forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b) .
+ foldr k z (build g) = g k z
+
+"foldr/augment" forall k z xs (g::forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b) .
+ foldr k z (augment g xs) = g k (foldr k z xs)
+
+"foldr/id" foldr (:) [] = \x->x
+"foldr/app" forall xs ys. foldr (:) ys xs = append xs ys
+
+"foldr/cons" forall k z x xs. foldr k z (x:xs) = k x (foldr k z xs)
+"foldr/nil" forall k z. foldr k z [] = z
+
+"augment/build" forall (g::forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b)
+ (h::forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b) .
+ augment g (build h) = build (\c n -> g c (h c n))
+"augment/nil" forall (g::forall b. (a->b->b) -> b -> b) .
+ augment g [] = build g
+ #-}
+
+-- This rule is true, but not (I think) useful:
+-- augment g (augment h t) = augment (\cn -> g c (h c n)) t
\end{code}
+
+----------------------------------------------
+-- map
+----------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{code}
+map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
+map = mapList
+
+-- Note eta expanded
+mapFB :: (elt -> lst -> lst) -> (a -> elt) -> a -> lst -> lst
+mapFB c f x ys = c (f x) ys
+
+mapList :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
+mapList _ [] = []
+mapList f (x:xs) = f x : mapList f xs
+
+{-# RULES
+"map" forall f xs. map f xs = build (\c n -> foldr (mapFB c f) n xs)
+"mapFB" forall c f g. mapFB (mapFB c f) g = mapFB c (f.g)
+"mapList" forall f. foldr (mapFB (:) f) [] = mapList f
+ #-}
\end{code}
-A few list functions that appear here because they are used here.
-The rest of the prelude list functions are in PrelList.
+----------------------------------------------
+-- append
+----------------------------------------------
\begin{code}
-foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
-foldr _ z [] = z
-foldr f z (x:xs) = f x (foldr f z xs)
-
--- takeWhile, applied to a predicate p and a list xs, returns the longest
--- prefix (possibly empty) of xs of elements that satisfy p. dropWhile p xs
--- returns the remaining suffix. Span p xs is equivalent to
--- (takeWhile p xs, dropWhile p xs), while break p uses the negation of p.
-
-takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
-takeWhile _ [] = []
-takeWhile p (x:xs)
- | p x = x : takeWhile p xs
- | otherwise = []
-
-dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
-dropWhile _ [] = []
-dropWhile p xs@(x:xs')
- | p x = dropWhile p xs'
- | otherwise = xs
-
--- List index (subscript) operator, 0-origin
-(!!) :: [a] -> Int -> a
-#ifdef USE_REPORT_PRELUDE
-(x:_) !! 0 = x
-(_:xs) !! n | n > 0 = xs !! (n-1)
-(_:_) !! _ = error "Prelude.(!!): negative index"
-[] !! _ = error "Prelude.(!!): index too large"
-#else
--- HBC version (stolen), then unboxified
--- The semantics is not quite the same for error conditions
--- in the more efficient version.
---
-_ !! n | n < 0 = error "Prelude.(!!): negative index\n"
-xs !! n = sub xs (case n of { I# n# -> n# })
- where sub :: [a] -> Int# -> a
- sub [] _ = error "Prelude.(!!): index too large\n"
- sub (y:ys) n# = if n# ==# 0#
- then y
- else sub ys (n# -# 1#)
-#endif
+(++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
+(++) = append
+
+{-# RULES
+ "++" forall xs ys. (++) xs ys = augment (\c n -> foldr c n xs) ys
+ #-}
+
+append :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
+append [] ys = ys
+append (x:xs) ys = x : append xs ys
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-data Bool = False | True deriving (Eq, Ord, Enum, Bounded, Show {- Read -})
+data Bool = False | True deriving (Eq, Ord)
+ -- Read in PrelRead, Show in PrelShow
-- Boolean functions
the renamer currently *always* asks for () to be in scope, so that
ccalls can use () as their default type; so when compiling PrelBase we
need (). (We could arrange suck in () only if -fglasgow-exts, but putting
-it here seems more direct.
+it here seems more direct.)
\begin{code}
-data () = () --easier to do explicitly: deriving (Eq, Ord, Enum, Show, Bounded)
- -- (avoids weird-named functions, e.g., con2tag_()#
+data () = ()
instance Eq () where
() == () = True
max () () = ()
min () () = ()
compare () () = EQ
-
-instance Enum () where
- succ x = x
- pred x = x
- toEnum 0 = ()
- toEnum _ = error "Prelude.Enum.().toEnum: argument not 0"
- fromEnum () = 0
- enumFrom () = [()]
- enumFromThen () () = [()]
- enumFromTo () () = [()]
- enumFromThenTo () () () = [()]
-
-instance Show () where
- showsPrec _ () = showString "()"
- showList ls = showList__ (showsPrec 0) ls
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Type @Ordering@}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-data Ordering = LT | EQ | GT deriving (Eq, Ord, Enum, Bounded, Show {- Read -})
+data Ordering = LT | EQ | GT deriving (Eq, Ord)
+ -- Read in PrelRead, Show in PrelShow
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-type String = [Char]
-
-data Char = C# Char# deriving (Eq, Ord)
+type String = [Char]
-instance Enum Char where
- succ c@(C# c#)
- | not (ord# c# ==# 255#) = C# (chr# (ord# c# +# 1#))
- | otherwise = error ("Prelude.Enum{Char}.succ: out of range " ++ show c)
- pred c@(C# c#)
- | not (ord# c# ==# 0#) = C# (chr# (ord# c# -# 1#))
- | otherwise = error ("Prelude.Enum{Char}.succ: out of range " ++ show c)
+data Char = C# Char#
- toEnum (I# i) | i >=# 0# && i <=# 255# = C# (chr# i)
- | otherwise = error ("Prelude.Enum.Char.toEnum:out of range: " ++ show (I# i))
- fromEnum (C# c) = I# (ord# c)
+-- We don't use deriving for Eq and Ord, because for Ord the derived
+-- instance defines only compare, which takes two primops. Then
+-- '>' uses compare, and therefore takes two primops instead of one.
- enumFrom (C# c) = efttCh (ord# c) 1# (># 255#)
- enumFromTo (C# c1) (C# c2) = efttCh (ord# c1) 1# (># (ord# c2))
+instance Eq Char where
+ (C# c1) == (C# c2) = c1 `eqChar#` c2
+ (C# c1) /= (C# c2) = c1 `neChar#` c2
- enumFromThen (C# c1) (C# c2)
- | c1 `leChar#` c2 = efttCh (ord# c1) (ord# c2 -# ord# c1) (># 255#)
- | otherwise = efttCh (ord# c1) (ord# c2 -# ord# c1) (<# 0#)
+instance Ord Char where
+ (C# c1) > (C# c2) = c1 `gtChar#` c2
+ (C# c1) >= (C# c2) = c1 `geChar#` c2
+ (C# c1) <= (C# c2) = c1 `leChar#` c2
+ (C# c1) < (C# c2) = c1 `ltChar#` c2
- enumFromThenTo (C# c1) (C# c2) (C# c3)
- | c1 `leChar#` c2 = efttCh (ord# c1) (ord# c2 -# ord# c1) (># (ord# c3))
- | otherwise = efttCh (ord# c1) (ord# c2 -# ord# c1) (<# (ord# c3))
-
-efttCh :: Int# -> Int# -> (Int# -> Bool) -> [Char]
-efttCh init step done
- = go init
- where
- go now | done now = []
- | otherwise = C# (chr# now) : go (now +# step)
+chr :: Int -> Char
+chr (I# i) | i >=# 0# && i <=# 0x10FFFF# = C# (chr# i)
+ | otherwise = error "Prelude.chr: bad argument"
-instance Show Char where
- showsPrec _ '\'' = showString "'\\''"
- showsPrec _ c = showChar '\'' . showLitChar c . showChar '\''
+unsafeChr :: Int -> Char
+unsafeChr (I# i) = C# (chr# i)
- showList cs = showChar '"' . showl cs
- where showl "" = showChar '"'
- showl ('"':xs) = showString "\\\"" . showl xs
- showl (x:xs) = showLitChar x . showl xs
+ord :: Char -> Int
+ord (C# c) = I# (ord# c)
\end{code}
+String equality is used when desugaring pattern-matches against strings.
\begin{code}
-isAscii, isLatin1, isControl, isPrint, isSpace, isUpper,
- isLower, isAlpha, isDigit, isOctDigit, isHexDigit, isAlphaNum :: Char -> Bool
-isAscii c = c < '\x80'
-isLatin1 c = c <= '\xff'
-isControl c = c < ' ' || c >= '\DEL' && c <= '\x9f'
-isPrint c = not (isControl c)
-
--- isSpace includes non-breaking space
--- Done with explicit equalities both for efficiency, and to avoid a tiresome
--- recursion with PrelList elem
-isSpace c = c == ' ' ||
- c == '\t' ||
- c == '\n' ||
- c == '\r' ||
- c == '\f' ||
- c == '\v' ||
- c == '\xa0'
-
--- The upper case ISO characters have the multiplication sign dumped
--- randomly in the middle of the range. Go figure.
-isUpper c = c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' ||
- c >= '\xC0' && c <= '\xD6' ||
- c >= '\xD8' && c <= '\xDE'
--- The lower case ISO characters have the division sign dumped
--- randomly in the middle of the range. Go figure.
-isLower c = c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' ||
- c >= '\xDF' && c <= '\xF6' ||
- c >= '\xF8' && c <= '\xFF'
-isAlpha c = isLower c || isUpper c
-isDigit c = c >= '0' && c <= '9'
-isOctDigit c = c >= '0' && c <= '7'
-isHexDigit c = isDigit c || c >= 'A' && c <= 'F' ||
- c >= 'a' && c <= 'f'
-isAlphaNum c = isAlpha c || isDigit c
-
--- Case-changing operations
-
-toUpper, toLower :: Char -> Char
-toUpper c
- | isLower c && c /= '\xDF' && c /= '\xFF'
- = toEnum (fromEnum c - fromEnum 'a' + fromEnum 'A')
- | otherwise
- = c
-
-toLower c | isUpper c = toEnum (fromEnum c - fromEnum 'A'
- + fromEnum 'a')
- | otherwise = c
-
-asciiTab :: [String]
-asciiTab = -- Using an array drags in the array module. listArray ('\NUL', ' ')
- ["NUL", "SOH", "STX", "ETX", "EOT", "ENQ", "ACK", "BEL",
- "BS", "HT", "LF", "VT", "FF", "CR", "SO", "SI",
- "DLE", "DC1", "DC2", "DC3", "DC4", "NAK", "SYN", "ETB",
- "CAN", "EM", "SUB", "ESC", "FS", "GS", "RS", "US",
- "SP"]
+eqString :: String -> String -> Bool
+eqString = (==)
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
data Int = I# Int#
-instance Eq Int where
- (==) x y = x `eqInt` y
- (/=) x y = x `neInt` y
-
-instance Ord Int where
- compare x y = compareInt x y
-
- (<) x y = ltInt x y
- (<=) x y = leInt x y
- (>=) x y = geInt x y
- (>) x y = gtInt x y
- max x y = case (compareInt x y) of { LT -> y ; EQ -> x ; GT -> x }
- min x y = case (compareInt x y) of { LT -> x ; EQ -> x ; GT -> y }
-
-compareInt :: Int -> Int -> Ordering
-(I# x) `compareInt` (I# y) | x <# y = LT
- | x ==# y = EQ
- | otherwise = GT
-
-instance Enum Int where
- succ x = x+1
- pred x = x-1
- toEnum x = x
- fromEnum x = x
-
-#ifndef USE_FOLDR_BUILD
- enumFrom (I# c) = eftInt c 1#
- enumFromTo (I# c1) (I# c2) = efttInt c1 1# (># c2)
- enumFromThen (I# c1) (I# c2) = eftInt c1 (c2 -# c1)
-
- enumFromThenTo (I# c1) (I# c2) (I# c3)
- | c1 <=# c2 = efttInt c1 (c2 -# c1) (># c3)
- | otherwise = efttInt c1 (c2 -# c1) (<# c3)
-
+zeroInt, oneInt, twoInt, maxInt, minInt :: Int
+zeroInt = I# 0#
+oneInt = I# 1#
+twoInt = I# 2#
+#if WORD_SIZE_IN_BYTES == 4
+minInt = I# (-0x80000000#)
+maxInt = I# 0x7FFFFFFF#
#else
- {-# INLINE enumFrom #-}
- {-# INLINE enumFromTo #-}
- enumFrom x = build (\ c _ ->
- let g x = x `c` g (x `plusInt` 1) in g x)
- enumFromTo x y = build (\ c n ->
- let g x = if x <= y then x `c` g (x `plusInt` 1) else n in g x)
+minInt = I# (-0x8000000000000000#)
+maxInt = I# 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF#
#endif
-efttInt :: Int# -> Int# -> (Int# -> Bool) -> [Int]
-efttInt init step done
- = go init
- where
- go now | done now = []
- | otherwise = I# now : go (now +# step)
-
-eftInt :: Int# -> Int# -> [Int]
-eftInt init step
- = go init
- where
- go now = I# now : go (now +# step)
-
-
-instance Num Int where
- (+) x y = plusInt x y
- (-) x y = minusInt x y
- negate x = negateInt x
- (*) x y = timesInt x y
- abs n = if n `geInt` 0 then n else (negateInt n)
+instance Eq Int where
+ (==) = eqInt
+ (/=) = neInt
- signum n | n `ltInt` 0 = negateInt 1
- | n `eqInt` 0 = 0
- | otherwise = 1
+instance Ord Int where
+ compare = compareInt
- fromInteger (J# a# s# d#)
- = case (integer2Int# a# s# d#) of { i# -> I# i# }
+ (<) = ltInt
+ (<=) = leInt
+ (>=) = geInt
+ (>) = gtInt
- fromInt n = n
+compareInt :: Int -> Int -> Ordering
+(I# x) `compareInt` (I# y) = compareInt# x y
-instance Show Int where
- showsPrec p n = showSignedInt p n
- showList ls = showList__ (showsPrec 0) ls
+compareInt# :: Int# -> Int# -> Ordering
+compareInt# x# y#
+ | x# <# y# = LT
+ | x# ==# y# = EQ
+ | otherwise = GT
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Type @Integer@, @Float@, @Double@}
-%* *
-%*********************************************************
-
-\begin{code}
-data Float = F# Float#
-data Double = D# Double#
-data Integer = J# Int# Int# ByteArray#
-
-instance Eq Integer where
- (J# a1 s1 d1) == (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) ==# 0#
-
- (J# a1 s1 d1) /= (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) /=# 0#
-
-\end{code}
-
-%*********************************************************
-%* *
\subsection{The function type}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-instance Show (a -> b) where
- showsPrec _ _ = showString "<<function>>"
- showList ls = showList__ (showsPrec 0) ls
-
-
-- identity function
id :: a -> a
id x = x
-- right-associating infix application operator (useful in continuation-
-- passing style)
+{-# INLINE ($) #-}
($) :: (a -> b) -> a -> b
f $ x = f x
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Support code for @Show@}
+\subsection{CCallable instances}
%* *
%*********************************************************
-\begin{code}
-shows :: (Show a) => a -> ShowS
-shows = showsPrec 0
-
-showChar :: Char -> ShowS
-showChar = (:)
-
-showString :: String -> ShowS
-showString = (++)
+Defined here to avoid orphans
-showParen :: Bool -> ShowS -> ShowS
-showParen b p = if b then showChar '(' . p . showChar ')' else p
-
-showList__ :: (a -> ShowS) -> [a] -> ShowS
+\begin{code}
+instance CCallable Char
+instance CReturnable Char
-showList__ _ [] = showString "[]"
-showList__ showx (x:xs) = showChar '[' . showx x . showl xs
- where
- showl [] = showChar ']'
- showl (y:ys) = showChar ',' . showx y . showl ys
+instance CCallable Int
+instance CReturnable Int
-showSpace :: ShowS
-showSpace = {-showChar ' '-} \ xs -> ' ' : xs
+instance CReturnable () -- Why, exactly?
\end{code}
-Code specific for characters
-
-\begin{code}
-showLitChar :: Char -> ShowS
-showLitChar c | c > '\DEL' = showChar '\\' . protectEsc isDigit (shows (ord c))
-showLitChar '\DEL' = showString "\\DEL"
-showLitChar '\\' = showString "\\\\"
-showLitChar c | c >= ' ' = showChar c
-showLitChar '\a' = showString "\\a"
-showLitChar '\b' = showString "\\b"
-showLitChar '\f' = showString "\\f"
-showLitChar '\n' = showString "\\n"
-showLitChar '\r' = showString "\\r"
-showLitChar '\t' = showString "\\t"
-showLitChar '\v' = showString "\\v"
-showLitChar '\SO' = protectEsc (== 'H') (showString "\\SO")
-showLitChar c = showString ('\\' : asciiTab!!ord c)
-
-protectEsc :: (Char -> Bool) -> ShowS -> ShowS
-protectEsc p f = f . cont
- where cont s@(c:_) | p c = "\\&" ++ s
- cont s = s
-
-intToDigit :: Int -> Char
-intToDigit i
- | i >= 0 && i <= 9 = toEnum (fromEnum '0' + i)
- | i >= 10 && i <= 15 = toEnum (fromEnum 'a' + i - 10)
- | otherwise = error ("Char.intToDigit: not a digit " ++ show i)
-
-\end{code}
-Code specific for Ints.
+%*********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{Generics}
+%* *
+%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-showSignedInt :: Int -> Int -> ShowS
-showSignedInt p (I# n) r
- | n <# 0# && p > 6 = '(':itos n (')':r)
- | otherwise = itos n r
-
-itos :: Int# -> String -> String
-itos n r
- | n >=# 0# = itos' n r
- | negateInt# n <# 0# = -- n is minInt, a difficult number
- itos (n `quotInt#` 10#) (itos' (negateInt# (n `remInt#` 10#)) r)
- | otherwise = '-':itos' (negateInt# n) r
- where
- itos' :: Int# -> String -> String
- itos' x cs
- | x <# 10# = C# (chr# (x +# ord# '0'#)) : cs
- | otherwise = itos' (x `quotInt#` 10#)
- (C# (chr# (x `remInt#` 10# +# ord# '0'#)) : cs)
+data Unit = Unit
+data a :+: b = Inl a | Inr b
+data a :*: b = a :*: b
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Numeric primops}
%* *
%*********************************************************
+\begin{code}
+divInt#, modInt# :: Int# -> Int# -> Int#
+x# `divInt#` y#
+ | (x# ># 0#) && (y# <# 0#) = ((x# -# y#) -# 1#) `quotInt#` y#
+ | (x# <# 0#) && (y# ># 0#) = ((x# -# y#) +# 1#) `quotInt#` y#
+ | otherwise = x# `quotInt#` y#
+x# `modInt#` y#
+ | (x# ># 0#) && (y# <# 0#) ||
+ (x# <# 0#) && (y# ># 0#) = if r# /=# 0# then r# +# y# else 0#
+ | otherwise = r#
+ where
+ r# = x# `remInt#` y#
+\end{code}
+
Definitions of the boxed PrimOps; these will be
used in the case of partial applications, etc.
\begin{code}
{-# INLINE eqInt #-}
{-# INLINE neInt #-}
-
-plusInt, minusInt, timesInt, quotInt, remInt :: Int -> Int -> Int
-plusInt (I# x) (I# y) = I# (x +# y)
-minusInt(I# x) (I# y) = I# (x -# y)
-timesInt(I# x) (I# y) = I# (x *# y)
-quotInt (I# x) (I# y) = I# (quotInt# x y)
-remInt (I# x) (I# y) = I# (remInt# x y)
+{-# INLINE gtInt #-}
+{-# INLINE geInt #-}
+{-# INLINE ltInt #-}
+{-# INLINE leInt #-}
+{-# INLINE plusInt #-}
+{-# INLINE minusInt #-}
+{-# INLINE timesInt #-}
+{-# INLINE quotInt #-}
+{-# INLINE remInt #-}
+{-# INLINE negateInt #-}
+
+plusInt, minusInt, timesInt, quotInt, remInt, divInt, modInt, gcdInt :: Int -> Int -> Int
+(I# x) `plusInt` (I# y) = I# (x +# y)
+(I# x) `minusInt` (I# y) = I# (x -# y)
+(I# x) `timesInt` (I# y) = I# (x *# y)
+(I# x) `quotInt` (I# y) = I# (x `quotInt#` y)
+(I# x) `remInt` (I# y) = I# (x `remInt#` y)
+(I# x) `divInt` (I# y) = I# (x `divInt#` y)
+(I# x) `modInt` (I# y) = I# (x `modInt#` y)
+
+gcdInt (I# a) (I# b) = g a b
+ where g 0# 0# = error "PrelBase.gcdInt: gcd 0 0 is undefined"
+ g 0# _ = I# absB
+ g _ 0# = I# absA
+ g _ _ = I# (gcdInt# absA absB)
+
+ absInt x = if x <# 0# then negateInt# x else x
+
+ absA = absInt a
+ absB = absInt b
negateInt :: Int -> Int
-negateInt (I# x) = I# (negateInt# x)
+negateInt (I# x) = I# (negateInt# x)
gtInt, geInt, eqInt, neInt, ltInt, leInt :: Int -> Int -> Bool
-gtInt (I# x) (I# y) = x ># y
-geInt (I# x) (I# y) = x >=# y
-eqInt (I# x) (I# y) = x ==# y
-neInt (I# x) (I# y) = x /=# y
-ltInt (I# x) (I# y) = x <# y
-leInt (I# x) (I# y) = x <=# y
+(I# x) `gtInt` (I# y) = x ># y
+(I# x) `geInt` (I# y) = x >=# y
+(I# x) `eqInt` (I# y) = x ==# y
+(I# x) `neInt` (I# y) = x /=# y
+(I# x) `ltInt` (I# y) = x <# y
+(I# x) `leInt` (I# y) = x <=# y
+
+#if WORD_SIZE_IN_BYTES == 4
+{-# RULES
+"intToInt32#" forall x#. intToInt32# x# = x#
+"wordToWord32#" forall x#. wordToWord32# x# = x#
+ #-}
+#endif
+
+{-# RULES
+"int2Word2Int" forall x#. int2Word# (word2Int# x#) = x#
+"word2Int2Word" forall x#. word2Int# (int2Word# x#) = x#
+ #-}
\end{code}
-Convenient boxed Integer PrimOps. These are 'thin-air' Ids, so
-it's nice to have them in PrelBase.
+
+%********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{Unpacking C strings}
+%* *
+%********************************************************
+
+This code is needed for virtually all programs, since it's used for
+unpacking the strings of error messages.
\begin{code}
-{-# INLINE int2Integer #-}
-{-# INLINE addr2Integer #-}
-int2Integer :: Int# -> Integer
-int2Integer i = case int2Integer# i of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
-addr2Integer :: Addr# -> Integer
-addr2Integer x = case addr2Integer# x of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
-
-integer_0, integer_1, integer_2, integer_m1 :: Integer
-integer_0 = int2Integer 0#
-integer_1 = int2Integer 1#
-integer_2 = int2Integer 2#
-integer_m1 = int2Integer (negateInt# 1#)
+unpackCString# :: Addr# -> [Char]
+unpackCString# a = unpackCStringList# a
+
+unpackCStringList# :: Addr# -> [Char]
+unpackCStringList# addr
+ = unpack 0#
+ where
+ unpack nh
+ | ch `eqChar#` '\0'# = []
+ | otherwise = C# ch : unpack (nh +# 1#)
+ where
+ ch = indexCharOffAddr# addr nh
+
+unpackAppendCString# :: Addr# -> [Char] -> [Char]
+unpackAppendCString# addr rest
+ = unpack 0#
+ where
+ unpack nh
+ | ch `eqChar#` '\0'# = rest
+ | otherwise = C# ch : unpack (nh +# 1#)
+ where
+ ch = indexCharOffAddr# addr nh
+
+unpackFoldrCString# :: Addr# -> (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> a
+unpackFoldrCString# addr f z
+ = unpack 0#
+ where
+ unpack nh
+ | ch `eqChar#` '\0'# = z
+ | otherwise = C# ch `f` unpack (nh +# 1#)
+ where
+ ch = indexCharOffAddr# addr nh
+
+unpackCStringUtf8# :: Addr# -> [Char]
+unpackCStringUtf8# addr
+ = unpack 0#
+ where
+ unpack nh
+ | ch `eqChar#` '\0'# = []
+ | ch `leChar#` '\x7F'# = C# ch : unpack (nh +# 1#)
+ | ch `leChar#` '\xDF'# =
+ C# (chr# ((ord# ch -# 0xC0#) `iShiftL#` 6# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 1#)) -# 0x80#))) :
+ unpack (nh +# 2#)
+ | ch `leChar#` '\xEF'# =
+ C# (chr# ((ord# ch -# 0xE0#) `iShiftL#` 12# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 1#)) -# 0x80#) `iShiftL#` 6# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 2#)) -# 0x80#))) :
+ unpack (nh +# 3#)
+ | otherwise =
+ C# (chr# ((ord# ch -# 0xF0#) `iShiftL#` 18# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 1#)) -# 0x80#) `iShiftL#` 12# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 2#)) -# 0x80#) `iShiftL#` 6# +#
+ (ord# (indexCharOffAddr# addr (nh +# 3#)) -# 0x80#))) :
+ unpack (nh +# 4#)
+ where
+ ch = indexCharOffAddr# addr nh
+
+unpackNBytes# :: Addr# -> Int# -> [Char]
+unpackNBytes# _addr 0# = []
+unpackNBytes# addr len# = unpack [] (len# -# 1#)
+ where
+ unpack acc i#
+ | i# <# 0# = acc
+ | otherwise =
+ case indexCharOffAddr# addr i# of
+ ch -> unpack (C# ch : acc) (i# -# 1#)
+
+{-# RULES
+"unpack" forall a . unpackCString# a = build (unpackFoldrCString# a)
+"unpack-list" forall a . unpackFoldrCString# a (:) [] = unpackCStringList# a
+"unpack-append" forall a n . unpackFoldrCString# a (:) n = unpackAppendCString# a n
+
+-- There's a built-in rule (in PrelRules.lhs) for
+-- unpackFoldr "foo" c (unpackFoldr "baz" c n) = unpackFoldr "foobaz" c n
+
+ #-}
\end{code}
projects / ghc-hetmet.git / blobdiff