+% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+% $Id: PrelNum.lhs,v 1.38 2001/03/29 13:55:01 simonmar Exp $
%
-% (c) The AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1994-1996
+% (c) The University of Glasgow, 1994-2000
%
\section[PrelNum]{Module @PrelNum@}
+The class
+
+ Num
+
+and the type
+
+ Integer
+
+
\begin{code}
{-# OPTIONS -fno-implicit-prelude #-}
module PrelNum where
-import PrelBase
-import Ix
import {-# SOURCE #-} PrelErr
+import PrelBase
+import PrelList
+import PrelEnum
+import PrelShow
+
+infixl 7 *
+infixl 6 +, -
-infixr 8 ^, ^^, **
-infixl 7 %, /, `quot`, `rem`, `div`, `mod`
+default () -- Double isn't available yet,
+ -- and we shouldn't be using defaults anyway
\end{code}
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Standard numeric classes}
+\subsection{Standard numeric class}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-class (Num a, Ord a) => Real a where
- toRational :: a -> Rational
-
-class (Real a, Enum a) => Integral a where
- quot, rem, div, mod :: a -> a -> a
- quotRem, divMod :: a -> a -> (a,a)
- toInteger :: a -> Integer
- toInt :: a -> Int -- partain: Glasgow extension
-
- n `quot` d = q where (q,_) = quotRem n d
- n `rem` d = r where (_,r) = quotRem n d
- n `div` d = q where (q,_) = divMod n d
- n `mod` d = r where (_,r) = divMod n d
- divMod n d = if signum r == negate (signum d) then (q-1, r+d) else qr
- where qr@(q,r) = quotRem n d
-
-class (Num a) => Fractional a where
- (/) :: a -> a -> a
- recip :: a -> a
- fromRational :: Rational -> a
-
- recip x = 1 / x
- x / y = x * recip y
-
-class (Fractional a) => Floating a where
- pi :: a
- exp, log, sqrt :: a -> a
- (**), logBase :: a -> a -> a
- sin, cos, tan :: a -> a
- asin, acos, atan :: a -> a
- sinh, cosh, tanh :: a -> a
- asinh, acosh, atanh :: a -> a
-
- x ** y = exp (log x * y)
- logBase x y = log y / log x
- sqrt x = x ** 0.5
- tan x = sin x / cos x
- tanh x = sinh x / cosh x
-
-class (Real a, Fractional a) => RealFrac a where
- properFraction :: (Integral b) => a -> (b,a)
- truncate, round :: (Integral b) => a -> b
- ceiling, floor :: (Integral b) => a -> b
-
- truncate x = m where (m,_) = properFraction x
-
- round x = let (n,r) = properFraction x
- m = if r < 0 then n - 1 else n + 1
- in case signum (abs r - 0.5) of
- -1 -> n
- 0 -> if even n then n else m
- 1 -> m
-
- ceiling x = if r > 0 then n + 1 else n
- where (n,r) = properFraction x
-
- floor x = if r < 0 then n - 1 else n
- where (n,r) = properFraction x
-
-class (RealFrac a, Floating a) => RealFloat a where
- floatRadix :: a -> Integer
- floatDigits :: a -> Int
- floatRange :: a -> (Int,Int)
- decodeFloat :: a -> (Integer,Int)
- encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> a
- exponent :: a -> Int
- significand :: a -> a
- scaleFloat :: Int -> a -> a
- isNaN, isInfinite, isDenormalized, isNegativeZero, isIEEE
- :: a -> Bool
- atan2 :: a -> a -> a
-
-
- exponent x = if m == 0 then 0 else n + floatDigits x
- where (m,n) = decodeFloat x
-
- significand x = encodeFloat m (negate (floatDigits x))
- where (m,_) = decodeFloat x
-
- scaleFloat k x = encodeFloat m (n+k)
- where (m,n) = decodeFloat x
-
- atan2 y x
- | x > 0 = atan (y/x)
- | x == 0 && y > 0 = pi/2
- | x < 0 && y > 0 = pi + atan (y/x)
- |(x <= 0 && y < 0) ||
- (x < 0 && isNegativeZero y) ||
- (isNegativeZero x && isNegativeZero y)
- = -atan2 (-y) x
- | y == 0 && (x < 0 || isNegativeZero x)
- = pi -- must be after the previous test on zero y
- | x==0 && y==0 = y -- must be after the other double zero tests
- | otherwise = x + y -- x or y is a NaN, return a NaN (via +)
-
+class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where
+ (+), (-), (*) :: a -> a -> a
+ negate :: a -> a
+ abs, signum :: a -> a
+ fromInteger :: Integer -> a
+
+ x - y = x + negate y
+ negate x = 0 - x
+
+{-# INLINE subtract #-}
+subtract :: (Num a) => a -> a -> a
+subtract x y = y - x
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Instances for @Int@}
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-instance Real Int where
- toRational x = toInteger x % 1
-
-instance Integral Int where
- a@(I# _) `quotRem` b@(I# _) = (a `quotInt` b, a `remInt` b)
- -- OK, so I made it a little stricter. Shoot me. (WDP 94/10)
+instance Num Int where
+ (+) = plusInt
+ (-) = minusInt
+ negate = negateInt
+ (*) = timesInt
+ abs n = if n `geInt` 0 then n else negateInt n
+
+ signum n | n `ltInt` 0 = negateInt 1
+ | n `eqInt` 0 = 0
+ | otherwise = 1
+
+ fromInteger = integer2Int
+\end{code}
- -- Following chks for zero divisor are non-standard (WDP)
- a `quot` b = if b /= 0
- then a `quotInt` b
- else error "Prelude.Integral.quot{Int}: divide by 0"
- a `rem` b = if b /= 0
- then a `remInt` b
- else error "Prelude.Integral.rem{Int}: divide by 0"
-
- x `div` y = if x > 0 && y < 0 then quotInt (x-y-1) y
- else if x < 0 && y > 0 then quotInt (x-y+1) y
- else quotInt x y
- x `mod` y = if x > 0 && y < 0 || x < 0 && y > 0 then
- if r/=0 then r+y else 0
- else
- r
- where r = remInt x y
-
- divMod x@(I# _) y@(I# _) = (x `div` y, x `mod` y)
- -- Stricter. Sorry if you don't like it. (WDP 94/10)
---OLD: even x = eqInt (x `mod` 2) 0
---OLD: odd x = neInt (x `mod` 2) 0
+\begin{code}
+-- These can't go in PrelBase with the defn of Int, because
+-- we don't have pairs defined at that time!
- toInteger (I# i) = int2Integer i -- give back a full-blown Integer
- toInt x = x
+quotRemInt :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int)
+a@(I# _) `quotRemInt` b@(I# _) = (a `quotInt` b, a `remInt` b)
+ -- OK, so I made it a little stricter. Shoot me. (WDP 94/10)
+divModInt :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int)
+divModInt x@(I# _) y@(I# _) = (x `divInt` y, x `modInt` y)
+ -- Stricter. Sorry if you don't like it. (WDP 94/10)
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Instances for @Integer@}
+\subsection{The @Integer@ type}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-instance Ord Integer where
- (J# a1 s1 d1) <= (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) <=# 0#
-
- (J# a1 s1 d1) < (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) <# 0#
-
- (J# a1 s1 d1) >= (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) >=# 0#
-
- (J# a1 s1 d1) > (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) ># 0#
-
- x@(J# a1 s1 d1) `max` y@(J# a2 s2 d2)
- = if ((cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) ># 0#) then x else y
-
- x@(J# a1 s1 d1) `min` y@(J# a2 s2 d2)
- = if ((cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) <# 0#) then x else y
-
- compare (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2 of { res# ->
- if res# <# 0# then LT else
- if res# ># 0# then GT else EQ
- }
+data Integer
+ = S# Int# -- small integers
+ | J# Int# ByteArray# -- large integers
+\end{code}
-instance Num Integer where
- (+) (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case plusInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2 of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
+Convenient boxed Integer PrimOps.
- (-) (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case minusInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2 of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
+\begin{code}
+zeroInteger :: Integer
+zeroInteger = S# 0#
- negate (J# a s d)
- = case negateInteger# a s d of (# a1, s1, d1 #) -> J# a1 s1 d1
+int2Integer :: Int -> Integer
+{-# INLINE int2Integer #-}
+int2Integer (I# i) = S# i
- (*) (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case timesInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2 of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
+integer2Int :: Integer -> Int
+integer2Int (S# i) = I# i
+integer2Int (J# s d) = case (integer2Int# s d) of { n# -> I# n# }
- -- ORIG: abs n = if n >= 0 then n else -n
+toBig (S# i) = case int2Integer# i of { (# s, d #) -> J# s d }
+toBig i@(J# _ _) = i
+\end{code}
- abs n@(J# a1 s1 d1)
- = case 0 of { J# a2 s2 d2 ->
- if (cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) >=# 0#
- then n
- else case negateInteger# a1 s1 d1 of (# a, s, d #) -> J# a s d
- }
-
- signum (J# a1 s1 d1)
- = case 0 of { J# a2 s2 d2 ->
- let
- cmp = cmpInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2
- in
- if cmp ># 0# then 1
- else if cmp ==# 0# then 0
- else (negate 1)
- }
- fromInteger x = x
+%*********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{Dividing @Integers@}
+%* *
+%*********************************************************
- fromInt (I# i) = int2Integer i
+\begin{code}
+quotRemInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> (Integer, Integer)
+quotRemInteger a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = quotRemInteger (toBig a) b
+quotRemInteger (S# i) (S# j)
+ = case quotRemInt (I# i) (I# j) of ( I# i, I# j ) -> ( S# i, S# j )
+quotRemInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = quotRemInteger i1 (toBig i2)
+quotRemInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = quotRemInteger (toBig i1) i2
+quotRemInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2)
+ = case (quotRemInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) of
+ (# s3, d3, s4, d4 #)
+ -> (J# s3 d3, J# s4 d4)
+
+divModInteger a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = divModInteger (toBig a) b
+divModInteger (S# i) (S# j)
+ = case divModInt (I# i) (I# j) of ( I# i, I# j ) -> ( S# i, S# j)
+divModInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = divModInteger i1 (toBig i2)
+divModInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = divModInteger (toBig i1) i2
+divModInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2)
+ = case (divModInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) of
+ (# s3, d3, s4, d4 #)
+ -> (J# s3 d3, J# s4 d4)
+
+remInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
+remInteger ia 0
+ = error "Prelude.Integral.rem{Integer}: divide by 0"
+remInteger a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = remInteger (toBig a) b
+remInteger (S# a) (S# b) = S# (remInt# a b)
+{- Special case doesn't work, because a 1-element J# has the range
+ -(2^32-1) -- 2^32-1, whereas S# has the range -2^31 -- (2^31-1)
+remInteger ia@(S# a) (J# sb b)
+ | sb ==# 1# = S# (remInt# a (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b)))
+ | sb ==# -1# = S# (remInt# a (0# -# (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b))))
+ | 0# <# sb = ia
+ | otherwise = S# (0# -# a)
+-}
+remInteger ia@(S# _) ib@(J# _ _) = remInteger (toBig ia) ib
+remInteger (J# sa a) (S# b)
+ = case int2Integer# b of { (# sb, b #) ->
+ case remInteger# sa a sb b of { (# sr, r #) ->
+ S# (integer2Int# sr r) }}
+remInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b)
+ = case remInteger# sa a sb b of (# sr, r #) -> J# sr r
+
+quotInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
+quotInteger ia 0
+ = error "Prelude.Integral.quot{Integer}: divide by 0"
+quotInteger a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = quotInteger (toBig a) b
+quotInteger (S# a) (S# b) = S# (quotInt# a b)
+{- Special case disabled, see remInteger above
+quotInteger (S# a) (J# sb b)
+ | sb ==# 1# = S# (quotInt# a (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b)))
+ | sb ==# -1# = S# (quotInt# a (0# -# (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b))))
+ | otherwise = zeroInteger
+-}
+quotInteger ia@(S# _) ib@(J# _ _) = quotInteger (toBig ia) ib
+quotInteger (J# sa a) (S# b)
+ = case int2Integer# b of { (# sb, b #) ->
+ case quotInteger# sa a sb b of (# sq, q #) -> J# sq q }
+quotInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b)
+ = case quotInteger# sa a sb b of (# sg, g #) -> J# sg g
+\end{code}
-instance Real Integer where
- toRational x = x % 1
-instance Integral Integer where
- quotRem (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case (quotRemInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) of
- (# a3, s3, d3, a4, s4, d4 #)
- -> (J# a3 s3 d3, J# a4 s4 d4)
-{- USING THE UNDERLYING "GMP" CODE IS DUBIOUS FOR NOW:
+\begin{code}
+gcdInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
+-- SUP: Do we really need the first two cases?
+gcdInteger a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = gcdInteger (toBig a) b
+gcdInteger a b@(S# (-2147483648#)) = gcdInteger a (toBig b)
+gcdInteger (S# a) (S# b) = case gcdInt (I# a) (I# b) of { I# c -> S# c }
+gcdInteger ia@(S# 0#) ib@(J# 0# _) = error "PrelNum.gcdInteger: gcd 0 0 is undefined"
+gcdInteger ia@(S# a) ib@(J# sb b)
+ | a ==# 0# = abs ib
+ | sb ==# 0# = abs ia
+ | otherwise = S# (gcdIntegerInt# absSb b absA)
+ where absA = if a <# 0# then negateInt# a else a
+ absSb = if sb <# 0# then negateInt# sb else sb
+gcdInteger ia@(J# _ _) ib@(S# _) = gcdInteger ib ia
+gcdInteger (J# 0# _) (J# 0# _) = error "PrelNum.gcdInteger: gcd 0 0 is undefined"
+gcdInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b)
+ = case gcdInteger# sa a sb b of (# sg, g #) -> J# sg g
+
+lcmInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
+lcmInteger a 0
+ = zeroInteger
+lcmInteger 0 b
+ = zeroInteger
+lcmInteger a b
+ = (divExact aa (gcdInteger aa ab)) * ab
+ where aa = abs a
+ ab = abs b
+
+divExact :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
+divExact a@(S# (-2147483648#)) b = divExact (toBig a) b
+divExact (S# a) (S# b) = S# (quotInt# a b)
+divExact (S# a) (J# sb b)
+ = S# (quotInt# a (integer2Int# sb b))
+divExact (J# sa a) (S# b)
+ = case int2Integer# b of
+ (# sb, b #) -> case divExactInteger# sa a sb b of (# sd, d #) -> J# sd d
+divExact (J# sa a) (J# sb b)
+ = case divExactInteger# sa a sb b of (# sd, d #) -> J# sd d
+\end{code}
- divMod (J# a1 s1 d1) (J# a2 s2 d2)
- = case (divModInteger# a1 s1 d1 a2 s2 d2) of
- Return2GMPs a3 s3 d3 a4 s4 d4
- -> (J# a3 s3 d3, J# a4 s4 d4)
--}
- toInteger n = n
- toInt (J# a s d) = case (integer2Int# a s d) of { n# -> I# n# }
-
- -- the rest are identical to the report default methods;
- -- you get slightly better code if you let the compiler
- -- see them right here:
- n `quot` d = if d /= 0 then q else
- error "Prelude.Integral.quot{Integer}: divide by 0"
- where (q,_) = quotRem n d
- n `rem` d = if d /= 0 then r else
- error "Prelude.Integral.rem{Integer}: divide by 0"
- where (_,r) = quotRem n d
- n `div` d = q where (q,_) = divMod n d
- n `mod` d = r where (_,r) = divMod n d
-
- divMod n d = case (quotRem n d) of { qr@(q,r) ->
- if signum r == negate (signum d) then (q - 1, r+d) else qr }
- -- Case-ified by WDP 94/10
-instance Enum Integer where
- succ x = x + 1
- pred x = x - 1
- toEnum n = toInteger n
- fromEnum n = toInt n
- enumFrom n = n : enumFrom (n + 1)
- enumFromThen e1 e2 = en' e1 (e2 - e1)
- where en' a b = a : en' (a + b) b
- enumFromTo n m
- | n <= m = takeWhile (<= m) (enumFrom n)
- | otherwise = []
- enumFromThenTo n m p = takeWhile pred (enumFromThen n m)
- where
- pred | m >= n = (<= p)
- | otherwise = (>= p)
-
-instance Show Integer where
- showsPrec x = showSignedInteger x
- showList = showList__ (showsPrec 0)
-
-
-instance Ix Integer where
- range (m,n)
- | m <= n = [m..n]
- | otherwise = []
-
- index b@(m,_) i
- | inRange b i = fromInteger (i - m)
- | otherwise = indexIntegerError i b
- inRange (m,n) i = m <= i && i <= n
-
--- Sigh, really want to use helper function in Ix, but
--- module deps. are too painful.
-{-# NOINLINE indexIntegerError #-}
-indexIntegerError :: Integer -> (Integer,Integer) -> a
-indexIntegerError i rng
- = error (showString "Ix{Integer}.index: Index " .
- showParen True (showsPrec 0 i) .
- showString " out of range " $
- showParen True (showsPrec 0 rng) "")
-
-showSignedInteger :: Int -> Integer -> ShowS
-showSignedInteger p n r
- | n < 0 && p > 6 = '(':jtos n (')':r)
- | otherwise = jtos n r
+%*********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Eq@, @Ord@}
+%* *
+%*********************************************************
-jtos :: Integer -> String -> String
-jtos i rs
- | i < 0 = '-' : jtos' (-i) rs
- | otherwise = jtos' i rs
- where
- jtos' :: Integer -> String -> String
- jtos' n cs
- | n < 10 = chr (fromInteger n + (ord_0::Int)) : cs
- | otherwise = jtos' q (chr (toInt r + (ord_0::Int)) : cs)
- where
- (q,r) = n `quotRem` 10
+\begin{code}
+instance Eq Integer where
+ (S# i) == (S# j) = i ==# j
+ (S# i) == (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ==# 0#
+ (J# s d) == (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ==# 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) == (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) ==# 0#
+
+ (S# i) /= (S# j) = i /=# j
+ (S# i) /= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i /=# 0#
+ (J# s d) /= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i /=# 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) /= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) /=# 0#
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+instance Ord Integer where
+ (S# i) <= (S# j) = i <=# j
+ (J# s d) <= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <=# 0#
+ (S# i) <= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i >=# 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) <= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) <=# 0#
+
+ (S# i) > (S# j) = i ># j
+ (J# s d) > (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ># 0#
+ (S# i) > (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <# 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) > (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) ># 0#
+
+ (S# i) < (S# j) = i <# j
+ (J# s d) < (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <# 0#
+ (S# i) < (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ># 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) < (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) <# 0#
+
+ (S# i) >= (S# j) = i >=# j
+ (J# s d) >= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i >=# 0#
+ (S# i) >= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <=# 0#
+ (J# s1 d1) >= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) >=# 0#
+
+ compare (S# i) (S# j)
+ | i ==# j = EQ
+ | i <=# j = LT
+ | otherwise = GT
+ compare (J# s d) (S# i)
+ = case cmpIntegerInt# s d i of { res# ->
+ if res# <# 0# then LT else
+ if res# ># 0# then GT else EQ
+ }
+ compare (S# i) (J# s d)
+ = case cmpIntegerInt# s d i of { res# ->
+ if res# ># 0# then LT else
+ if res# <# 0# then GT else EQ
+ }
+ compare (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2)
+ = case cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of { res# ->
+ if res# <# 0# then LT else
+ if res# ># 0# then GT else EQ
+ }
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{The @Ratio@ and @Rational@ types}
+\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Num@}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-data (Integral a) => Ratio a = !a :% !a deriving (Eq)
-type Rational = Ratio Integer
+instance Num Integer where
+ (+) = plusInteger
+ (-) = minusInteger
+ (*) = timesInteger
+ negate = negateInteger
+ fromInteger x = x
-{-# SPECIALISE (%) :: Integer -> Integer -> Rational #-}
-(%) :: (Integral a) => a -> a -> Ratio a
-numerator, denominator :: (Integral a) => Ratio a -> a
+ -- ORIG: abs n = if n >= 0 then n else -n
+ abs (S# (-2147483648#)) = 2147483648
+ abs (S# i) = case abs (I# i) of I# j -> S# j
+ abs n@(J# s d) = if (s >=# 0#) then n else J# (negateInt# s) d
+
+ signum (S# i) = case signum (I# i) of I# j -> S# j
+ signum (J# s d)
+ = let
+ cmp = cmpIntegerInt# s d 0#
+ in
+ if cmp ># 0# then S# 1#
+ else if cmp ==# 0# then S# 0#
+ else S# (negateInt# 1#)
+
+plusInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = case addIntC# i j of { (# r, c #) ->
+ if c ==# 0# then S# r
+ else toBig i1 + toBig i2 }
+plusInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 + toBig i2
+plusInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 + i2
+plusInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case plusInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d
+
+minusInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = case subIntC# i j of { (# r, c #) ->
+ if c ==# 0# then S# r
+ else toBig i1 - toBig i2 }
+minusInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 - toBig i2
+minusInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 - i2
+minusInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case minusInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d
+
+timesInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = case mulIntC# i j of { (# r, c #) ->
+ if c ==# 0# then S# r
+ else toBig i1 * toBig i2 }
+timesInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 * toBig i2
+timesInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 * i2
+timesInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case timesInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d
+
+negateInteger (S# (-2147483648#)) = 2147483648
+negateInteger (S# i) = S# (negateInt# i)
+negateInteger (J# s d) = J# (negateInt# s) d
\end{code}
-\tr{reduce} is a subsidiary function used only in this module .
-It normalises a ratio by dividing both numerator and denominator by
-their greatest common divisor.
-\begin{code}
-reduce :: (Integral a) => a -> a -> Ratio a
-reduce _ 0 = error "Ratio.%: zero denominator"
-reduce x y = (x `quot` d) :% (y `quot` d)
- where d = gcd x y
-\end{code}
+%*********************************************************
+%* *
+\subsection{The @Integer@ instance for @Enum@}
+%* *
+%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-x % y = reduce (x * signum y) (abs y)
-
-numerator (x :% _) = x
-denominator (_ :% y) = y
+instance Enum Integer where
+ succ x = x + 1
+ pred x = x - 1
+ toEnum n = int2Integer n
+ fromEnum n = integer2Int n
+
+ {-# INLINE enumFrom #-}
+ {-# INLINE enumFromThen #-}
+ {-# INLINE enumFromTo #-}
+ {-# INLINE enumFromThenTo #-}
+ enumFrom x = efdInteger x 1
+ enumFromThen x y = efdInteger x (y-x)
+ enumFromTo x lim = efdtInteger x 1 lim
+ enumFromThenTo x y lim = efdtInteger x (y-x) lim
+
+
+efdInteger = enumDeltaIntegerList
+efdtInteger = enumDeltaToIntegerList
+
+{-# RULES
+"efdInteger" forall x y. efdInteger x y = build (\c _ -> enumDeltaIntegerFB c x y)
+"efdtInteger" forall x y l.efdtInteger x y l = build (\c n -> enumDeltaToIntegerFB c n x y l)
+"enumDeltaInteger" enumDeltaIntegerFB (:) = enumDeltaIntegerList
+"enumDeltaToInteger" enumDeltaToIntegerFB (:) [] = enumDeltaToIntegerList
+ #-}
+
+enumDeltaIntegerFB :: (Integer -> b -> b) -> Integer -> Integer -> b
+enumDeltaIntegerFB c x d = x `c` enumDeltaIntegerFB c (x+d) d
+
+enumDeltaIntegerList :: Integer -> Integer -> [Integer]
+enumDeltaIntegerList x d = x : enumDeltaIntegerList (x+d) d
+
+enumDeltaToIntegerFB c n x delta lim
+ | delta >= 0 = up_fb c n x delta lim
+ | otherwise = dn_fb c n x delta lim
+
+enumDeltaToIntegerList x delta lim
+ | delta >= 0 = up_list x delta lim
+ | otherwise = dn_list x delta lim
+
+up_fb c n x delta lim = go (x::Integer)
+ where
+ go x | x > lim = n
+ | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta)
+dn_fb c n x delta lim = go (x::Integer)
+ where
+ go x | x < lim = n
+ | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta)
+
+up_list x delta lim = go (x::Integer)
+ where
+ go x | x > lim = []
+ | otherwise = x : go (x+delta)
+dn_list x delta lim = go (x::Integer)
+ where
+ go x | x < lim = []
+ | otherwise = x : go (x+delta)
\end{code}
+
%*********************************************************
%* *
-\subsection{Overloaded numeric functions}
+\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Show@}
%* *
%*********************************************************
\begin{code}
-even, odd :: (Integral a) => a -> Bool
-even n = n `rem` 2 == 0
-odd = not . even
-
-{-# SPECIALISE gcd ::
- Int -> Int -> Int,
- Integer -> Integer -> Integer #-}
-gcd :: (Integral a) => a -> a -> a
-gcd 0 0 = error "Prelude.gcd: gcd 0 0 is undefined"
-gcd x y = gcd' (abs x) (abs y)
- where gcd' a 0 = a
- gcd' a b = gcd' b (a `rem` b)
-
-{-# SPECIALISE lcm ::
- Int -> Int -> Int,
- Integer -> Integer -> Integer #-}
-lcm :: (Integral a) => a -> a -> a
-lcm _ 0 = 0
-lcm 0 _ = 0
-lcm x y = abs ((x `quot` (gcd x y)) * y)
-
-{-# SPECIALISE (^) ::
- Integer -> Integer -> Integer,
- Integer -> Int -> Integer,
- Int -> Int -> Int #-}
-(^) :: (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
-_ ^ 0 = 1
-x ^ n | n > 0 = f x (n-1) x
- where f _ 0 y = y
- f a d y = g a d where
- g b i | even i = g (b*b) (i `quot` 2)
- | otherwise = f b (i-1) (b*y)
-_ ^ _ = error "Prelude.^: negative exponent"
-
-{- SPECIALISE (^^) ::
- Double -> Int -> Double,
- Rational -> Int -> Rational #-}
-(^^) :: (Fractional a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
-x ^^ n = if n >= 0 then x^n else recip (x^(negate n))
+instance Show Integer where
+ showsPrec p n r
+ | n < 0 && p > 6 = '(' : jtos n (')' : r)
+ | otherwise = jtos n r
+ showList = showList__ (showsPrec 0)
+jtos :: Integer -> String -> String
+jtos n cs
+ | n < 0 = '-' : jtos' (-n) cs
+ | otherwise = jtos' n cs
+ where
+ jtos' :: Integer -> String -> String
+ jtos' n cs
+ | n < 10 = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + fromInteger n) of
+ c@(C# _) -> c:cs
+ | otherwise = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + fromInteger r) of
+ c@(C# _) -> jtos' q (c:cs)
+ where
+ (q,r) = n `quotRemInteger` 10
\end{code}
-