X-Git-Url: http://git.megacz.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=GHC%2FNum.lhs;h=5dc5e753d1e99633df774f2ec95789e64d37d2c8;hb=HEAD;hp=5d559469fecd97658bfc92123ccb60ebcd789ee4;hpb=aaf764b3ad8b1816d68b5f27299eac125f08e1a5;p=ghc-base.git diff --git a/GHC/Num.lhs b/GHC/Num.lhs index 5d55946..5dc5e75 100644 --- a/GHC/Num.lhs +++ b/GHC/Num.lhs @@ -1,11 +1,15 @@ \begin{code} -{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-implicit-prelude #-} +{-# LANGUAGE CPP, NoImplicitPrelude, MagicHash, UnboxedTuples #-} +-- We believe we could deorphan this module, by moving lots of things +-- around, but we haven't got there yet: +{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-} +{-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : GHC.Num -- Copyright : (c) The University of Glasgow 1994-2002 -- License : see libraries/base/LICENSE --- +-- -- Maintainer : cvs-ghc@haskell.org -- Stability : internal -- Portability : non-portable (GHC Extensions) @@ -16,32 +20,37 @@ #include "MachDeps.h" #if SIZEOF_HSWORD == 4 -#define LEFTMOST_BIT 2147483648 +#define DIGITS 9 +#define BASE 1000000000 #elif SIZEOF_HSWORD == 8 -#define LEFTMOST_BIT 9223372036854775808 +#define DIGITS 18 +#define BASE 1000000000000000000 #else -#error Please define LEFTMOST_BIT to be 2^(SIZEOF_HSWORD*8-1) +#error Please define DIGITS and BASE +-- DIGITS should be the largest integer such that +-- 10^DIGITS < 2^(SIZEOF_HSWORD * 8 - 1) +-- BASE should be 10^DIGITS. Note that ^ is not available yet. #endif -module GHC.Num where +-- #hide +module GHC.Num (module GHC.Num, module GHC.Integer) where -import {-# SOURCE #-} GHC.Err import GHC.Base -import GHC.List import GHC.Enum import GHC.Show +import GHC.Integer infixl 7 * infixl 6 +, - -default () -- Double isn't available yet, - -- and we shouldn't be using defaults anyway +default () -- Double isn't available yet, + -- and we shouldn't be using defaults anyway \end{code} %********************************************************* -%* * +%* * \subsection{Standard numeric class} -%* * +%* * %********************************************************* \begin{code} @@ -49,27 +58,29 @@ default () -- Double isn't available yet, -- -- Minimal complete definition: all except 'negate' or @(-)@ class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where - (+), (-), (*) :: a -> a -> a + (+), (-), (*) :: a -> a -> a -- | Unary negation. - negate :: a -> a + negate :: a -> a -- | Absolute value. - abs :: a -> a + abs :: a -> a -- | Sign of a number. - -- The functions 'abs' and 'signum' should satisfy the law: + -- The functions 'abs' and 'signum' should satisfy the law: -- -- > abs x * signum x == x -- -- For real numbers, the 'signum' is either @-1@ (negative), @0@ (zero) -- or @1@ (positive). - signum :: a -> a + signum :: a -> a -- | Conversion from an 'Integer'. -- An integer literal represents the application of the function -- 'fromInteger' to the appropriate value of type 'Integer', -- so such literals have type @('Num' a) => a@. - fromInteger :: Integer -> a + fromInteger :: Integer -> a - x - y = x + negate y - negate x = 0 - x + {-# INLINE (-) #-} + {-# INLINE negate #-} + x - y = x + negate y + negate x = 0 - x -- | the same as @'flip' ('-')@. -- @@ -83,24 +94,25 @@ subtract x y = y - x %********************************************************* -%* * +%* * \subsection{Instances for @Int@} -%* * +%* * %********************************************************* \begin{code} instance Num Int where - (+) = plusInt - (-) = minusInt + (+) = plusInt + (-) = minusInt negate = negateInt - (*) = timesInt + (*) = timesInt abs n = if n `geInt` 0 then n else negateInt n signum n | n `ltInt` 0 = negateInt 1 - | n `eqInt` 0 = 0 - | otherwise = 1 + | n `eqInt` 0 = 0 + | otherwise = 1 - fromInteger = integer2Int + {-# INLINE fromInteger #-} -- Just to be sure! + fromInteger i = I# (toInt# i) quotRemInt :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int) quotRemInt a@(I# _) b@(I# _) = (a `quotInt` b, a `remInt` b) @@ -112,220 +124,106 @@ divModInt x@(I# _) y@(I# _) = (x `divInt` y, x `modInt` y) \end{code} %********************************************************* -%* * -\subsection{The @Integer@ type} -%* * -%********************************************************* - -\begin{code} --- | Arbitrary-precision integers. -data Integer - = S# Int# -- small integers -#ifndef ILX - | J# Int# ByteArray# -- large integers -#else - | J# Void BigInteger -- .NET big ints - -foreign type dotnet "BigInteger" BigInteger -#endif -\end{code} - -Convenient boxed Integer PrimOps. - -\begin{code} -zeroInteger :: Integer -zeroInteger = S# 0# - -int2Integer :: Int -> Integer -{-# INLINE int2Integer #-} -int2Integer (I# i) = S# i - -integer2Int :: Integer -> Int -integer2Int (S# i) = I# i -integer2Int (J# s d) = case (integer2Int# s d) of { n# -> I# n# } - -toBig (S# i) = case int2Integer# i of { (# s, d #) -> J# s d } -toBig i@(J# _ _) = i -\end{code} - - -%********************************************************* -%* * -\subsection{Dividing @Integers@} -%* * +%* * +\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Show@} +%* * %********************************************************* \begin{code} -quotRemInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> (Integer, Integer) -quotRemInteger a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = quotRemInteger (toBig a) b -quotRemInteger (S# i) (S# j) - = case quotRemInt (I# i) (I# j) of ( I# i, I# j ) -> ( S# i, S# j ) -quotRemInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = quotRemInteger i1 (toBig i2) -quotRemInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = quotRemInteger (toBig i1) i2 -quotRemInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) - = case (quotRemInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) of - (# s3, d3, s4, d4 #) - -> (J# s3 d3, J# s4 d4) - -divModInteger a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = divModInteger (toBig a) b -divModInteger (S# i) (S# j) - = case divModInt (I# i) (I# j) of ( I# i, I# j ) -> ( S# i, S# j) -divModInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = divModInteger i1 (toBig i2) -divModInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = divModInteger (toBig i1) i2 -divModInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) - = case (divModInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) of - (# s3, d3, s4, d4 #) - -> (J# s3 d3, J# s4 d4) - -remInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -remInteger ia 0 - = error "Prelude.Integral.rem{Integer}: divide by 0" -remInteger a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = remInteger (toBig a) b -remInteger (S# a) (S# b) = S# (remInt# a b) -{- Special case doesn't work, because a 1-element J# has the range - -(2^32-1) -- 2^32-1, whereas S# has the range -2^31 -- (2^31-1) -remInteger ia@(S# a) (J# sb b) - | sb ==# 1# = S# (remInt# a (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b))) - | sb ==# -1# = S# (remInt# a (0# -# (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b)))) - | 0# <# sb = ia - | otherwise = S# (0# -# a) --} -remInteger ia@(S# _) ib@(J# _ _) = remInteger (toBig ia) ib -remInteger (J# sa a) (S# b) - = case int2Integer# b of { (# sb, b #) -> - case remInteger# sa a sb b of { (# sr, r #) -> - S# (integer2Int# sr r) }} -remInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b) - = case remInteger# sa a sb b of (# sr, r #) -> J# sr r - -quotInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -quotInteger ia 0 - = error "Prelude.Integral.quot{Integer}: divide by 0" -quotInteger a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = quotInteger (toBig a) b -quotInteger (S# a) (S# b) = S# (quotInt# a b) -{- Special case disabled, see remInteger above -quotInteger (S# a) (J# sb b) - | sb ==# 1# = S# (quotInt# a (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b))) - | sb ==# -1# = S# (quotInt# a (0# -# (word2Int# (integer2Word# sb b)))) - | otherwise = zeroInteger --} -quotInteger ia@(S# _) ib@(J# _ _) = quotInteger (toBig ia) ib -quotInteger (J# sa a) (S# b) - = case int2Integer# b of { (# sb, b #) -> - case quotInteger# sa a sb b of (# sq, q #) -> J# sq q } -quotInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b) - = case quotInteger# sa a sb b of (# sg, g #) -> J# sg g -\end{code} - - - -\begin{code} -gcdInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer --- SUP: Do we really need the first two cases? -gcdInteger a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = gcdInteger (toBig a) b -gcdInteger a b@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) = gcdInteger a (toBig b) -gcdInteger (S# a) (S# b) = case gcdInt (I# a) (I# b) of { I# c -> S# c } -gcdInteger ia@(S# 0#) ib@(J# 0# _) = error "GHC.Num.gcdInteger: gcd 0 0 is undefined" -gcdInteger ia@(S# a) ib@(J# sb b) - | a ==# 0# = abs ib - | sb ==# 0# = abs ia - | otherwise = S# (gcdIntegerInt# absSb b absA) - where absA = if a <# 0# then negateInt# a else a - absSb = if sb <# 0# then negateInt# sb else sb -gcdInteger ia@(J# _ _) ib@(S# _) = gcdInteger ib ia -gcdInteger (J# 0# _) (J# 0# _) = error "GHC.Num.gcdInteger: gcd 0 0 is undefined" -gcdInteger (J# sa a) (J# sb b) - = case gcdInteger# sa a sb b of (# sg, g #) -> J# sg g - -lcmInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -lcmInteger a 0 - = zeroInteger -lcmInteger 0 b - = zeroInteger -lcmInteger a b - = (divExact aa (gcdInteger aa ab)) * ab - where aa = abs a - ab = abs b - -divExact :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -divExact a@(S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) b = divExact (toBig a) b -divExact (S# a) (S# b) = S# (quotInt# a b) -divExact (S# a) (J# sb b) - = S# (quotInt# a (integer2Int# sb b)) -divExact (J# sa a) (S# b) - = case int2Integer# b of - (# sb, b #) -> case divExactInteger# sa a sb b of (# sd, d #) -> J# sd d -divExact (J# sa a) (J# sb b) - = case divExactInteger# sa a sb b of (# sd, d #) -> J# sd d -\end{code} +instance Show Integer where + showsPrec p n r + | p > 6 && n < 0 = '(' : integerToString n (')' : r) + -- Minor point: testing p first gives better code + -- in the not-uncommon case where the p argument + -- is a constant + | otherwise = integerToString n r + showList = showList__ (showsPrec 0) +-- Divide an conquer implementation of string conversion +integerToString :: Integer -> String -> String +integerToString n0 cs0 + | n0 < 0 = '-' : integerToString' (- n0) cs0 + | otherwise = integerToString' n0 cs0 + where + integerToString' :: Integer -> String -> String + integerToString' n cs + | n < BASE = jhead (fromInteger n) cs + | otherwise = jprinth (jsplitf (BASE*BASE) n) cs + + -- Split n into digits in base p. We first split n into digits + -- in base p*p and then split each of these digits into two. + -- Note that the first 'digit' modulo p*p may have a leading zero + -- in base p that we need to drop - this is what jsplith takes care of. + -- jsplitb the handles the remaining digits. + jsplitf :: Integer -> Integer -> [Integer] + jsplitf p n + | p > n = [n] + | otherwise = jsplith p (jsplitf (p*p) n) + + jsplith :: Integer -> [Integer] -> [Integer] + jsplith p (n:ns) = + case n `quotRemInteger` p of + (# q, r #) -> + if q > 0 then q : r : jsplitb p ns + else r : jsplitb p ns + jsplith _ [] = error "jsplith: []" + + jsplitb :: Integer -> [Integer] -> [Integer] + jsplitb _ [] = [] + jsplitb p (n:ns) = case n `quotRemInteger` p of + (# q, r #) -> + q : r : jsplitb p ns + + -- Convert a number that has been split into digits in base BASE^2 + -- this includes a last splitting step and then conversion of digits + -- that all fit into a machine word. + jprinth :: [Integer] -> String -> String + jprinth (n:ns) cs = + case n `quotRemInteger` BASE of + (# q', r' #) -> + let q = fromInteger q' + r = fromInteger r' + in if q > 0 then jhead q $ jblock r $ jprintb ns cs + else jhead r $ jprintb ns cs + jprinth [] _ = error "jprinth []" + + jprintb :: [Integer] -> String -> String + jprintb [] cs = cs + jprintb (n:ns) cs = case n `quotRemInteger` BASE of + (# q', r' #) -> + let q = fromInteger q' + r = fromInteger r' + in jblock q $ jblock r $ jprintb ns cs + + -- Convert an integer that fits into a machine word. Again, we have two + -- functions, one that drops leading zeros (jhead) and one that doesn't + -- (jblock) + jhead :: Int -> String -> String + jhead n cs + | n < 10 = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + n) of + c@(C# _) -> c : cs + | otherwise = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + r) of + c@(C# _) -> jhead q (c : cs) + where + (q, r) = n `quotRemInt` 10 -%********************************************************* -%* * -\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Eq@, @Ord@} -%* * -%********************************************************* + jblock = jblock' {- ' -} DIGITS -\begin{code} -instance Eq Integer where - (S# i) == (S# j) = i ==# j - (S# i) == (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ==# 0# - (J# s d) == (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ==# 0# - (J# s1 d1) == (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) ==# 0# - - (S# i) /= (S# j) = i /=# j - (S# i) /= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i /=# 0# - (J# s d) /= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i /=# 0# - (J# s1 d1) /= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) /=# 0# - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- -instance Ord Integer where - (S# i) <= (S# j) = i <=# j - (J# s d) <= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <=# 0# - (S# i) <= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i >=# 0# - (J# s1 d1) <= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) <=# 0# - - (S# i) > (S# j) = i ># j - (J# s d) > (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ># 0# - (S# i) > (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <# 0# - (J# s1 d1) > (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) ># 0# - - (S# i) < (S# j) = i <# j - (J# s d) < (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <# 0# - (S# i) < (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i ># 0# - (J# s1 d1) < (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) <# 0# - - (S# i) >= (S# j) = i >=# j - (J# s d) >= (S# i) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i >=# 0# - (S# i) >= (J# s d) = cmpIntegerInt# s d i <=# 0# - (J# s1 d1) >= (J# s2 d2) = (cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2) >=# 0# - - compare (S# i) (S# j) - | i ==# j = EQ - | i <=# j = LT - | otherwise = GT - compare (J# s d) (S# i) - = case cmpIntegerInt# s d i of { res# -> - if res# <# 0# then LT else - if res# ># 0# then GT else EQ - } - compare (S# i) (J# s d) - = case cmpIntegerInt# s d i of { res# -> - if res# ># 0# then LT else - if res# <# 0# then GT else EQ - } - compare (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) - = case cmpInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of { res# -> - if res# <# 0# then LT else - if res# ># 0# then GT else EQ - } + jblock' :: Int -> Int -> String -> String + jblock' d n cs + | d == 1 = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + n) of + c@(C# _) -> c : cs + | otherwise = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + r) of + c@(C# _) -> jblock' (d - 1) q (c : cs) + where + (q, r) = n `quotRemInt` 10 \end{code} %********************************************************* -%* * +%* * \subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Num@} -%* * +%* * %********************************************************* \begin{code} @@ -333,62 +231,26 @@ instance Num Integer where (+) = plusInteger (-) = minusInteger (*) = timesInteger - negate = negateInteger - fromInteger x = x - - -- ORIG: abs n = if n >= 0 then n else -n - abs (S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) = LEFTMOST_BIT - abs (S# i) = case abs (I# i) of I# j -> S# j - abs n@(J# s d) = if (s >=# 0#) then n else J# (negateInt# s) d - - signum (S# i) = case signum (I# i) of I# j -> S# j - signum (J# s d) - = let - cmp = cmpIntegerInt# s d 0# - in - if cmp ># 0# then S# 1# - else if cmp ==# 0# then S# 0# - else S# (negateInt# 1#) - -plusInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = case addIntC# i j of { (# r, c #) -> - if c ==# 0# then S# r - else toBig i1 + toBig i2 } -plusInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 + toBig i2 -plusInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 + i2 -plusInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case plusInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d - -minusInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = case subIntC# i j of { (# r, c #) -> - if c ==# 0# then S# r - else toBig i1 - toBig i2 } -minusInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 - toBig i2 -minusInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 - i2 -minusInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case minusInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d - -timesInteger i1@(S# i) i2@(S# j) = if mulIntMayOflo# i j ==# 0# - then S# (i *# j) - else toBig i1 * toBig i2 -timesInteger i1@(J# _ _) i2@(S# _) = i1 * toBig i2 -timesInteger i1@(S# _) i2@(J# _ _) = toBig i1 * i2 -timesInteger (J# s1 d1) (J# s2 d2) = case timesInteger# s1 d1 s2 d2 of (# s, d #) -> J# s d - -negateInteger (S# (-LEFTMOST_BIT#)) = LEFTMOST_BIT -negateInteger (S# i) = S# (negateInt# i) -negateInteger (J# s d) = J# (negateInt# s) d + negate = negateInteger + fromInteger x = x + + abs = absInteger + signum = signumInteger \end{code} %********************************************************* -%* * +%* * \subsection{The @Integer@ instance for @Enum@} -%* * +%* * %********************************************************* \begin{code} instance Enum Integer where - succ x = x + 1 - pred x = x - 1 - toEnum n = int2Integer n - fromEnum n = integer2Int n + succ x = x + 1 + pred x = x - 1 + toEnum (I# n) = smallInteger n + fromEnum n = I# (toInt# n) {-# INLINE enumFrom #-} {-# INLINE enumFromThen #-} @@ -396,78 +258,58 @@ instance Enum Integer where {-# INLINE enumFromThenTo #-} enumFrom x = enumDeltaInteger x 1 enumFromThen x y = enumDeltaInteger x (y-x) - enumFromTo x lim = enumDeltaToInteger x 1 lim + enumFromTo x lim = enumDeltaToInteger x 1 lim enumFromThenTo x y lim = enumDeltaToInteger x (y-x) lim {-# RULES -"enumDeltaInteger" [~1] forall x y. enumDeltaInteger x y = build (\c _ -> enumDeltaIntegerFB c x y) -"efdtInteger" [~1] forall x y l.enumDeltaToInteger x y l = build (\c n -> enumDeltaToIntegerFB c n x y l) -"enumDeltaInteger" [1] enumDeltaIntegerFB (:) = enumDeltaInteger -"enumDeltaToInteger" [1] enumDeltaToIntegerFB (:) [] = enumDeltaToInteger +"enumDeltaInteger" [~1] forall x y. enumDeltaInteger x y = build (\c _ -> enumDeltaIntegerFB c x y) +"efdtInteger" [~1] forall x y l.enumDeltaToInteger x y l = build (\c n -> enumDeltaToIntegerFB c n x y l) +"enumDeltaInteger" [1] enumDeltaIntegerFB (:) = enumDeltaInteger +"enumDeltaToInteger" [1] enumDeltaToIntegerFB (:) [] = enumDeltaToInteger #-} enumDeltaIntegerFB :: (Integer -> b -> b) -> Integer -> Integer -> b -enumDeltaIntegerFB c x d = x `c` enumDeltaIntegerFB c (x+d) d +enumDeltaIntegerFB c x d = x `seq` (x `c` enumDeltaIntegerFB c (x+d) d) enumDeltaInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> [Integer] -enumDeltaInteger x d = x : enumDeltaInteger (x+d) d - +enumDeltaInteger x d = x `seq` (x : enumDeltaInteger (x+d) d) +-- strict accumulator, so +-- head (drop 1000000 [1 .. ] +-- works + +{-# NOINLINE [0] enumDeltaToIntegerFB #-} +-- Don't inline this until RULE "enumDeltaToInteger" has had a chance to fire +enumDeltaToIntegerFB :: (Integer -> a -> a) -> a + -> Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> a enumDeltaToIntegerFB c n x delta lim | delta >= 0 = up_fb c n x delta lim | otherwise = dn_fb c n x delta lim +enumDeltaToInteger :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> [Integer] enumDeltaToInteger x delta lim | delta >= 0 = up_list x delta lim | otherwise = dn_list x delta lim -up_fb c n x delta lim = go (x::Integer) - where - go x | x > lim = n - | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta) -dn_fb c n x delta lim = go (x::Integer) - where - go x | x < lim = n - | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta) - -up_list x delta lim = go (x::Integer) - where - go x | x > lim = [] - | otherwise = x : go (x+delta) -dn_list x delta lim = go (x::Integer) - where - go x | x < lim = [] - | otherwise = x : go (x+delta) - +up_fb :: (Integer -> a -> a) -> a -> Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> a +up_fb c n x0 delta lim = go (x0 :: Integer) + where + go x | x > lim = n + | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta) +dn_fb :: (Integer -> a -> a) -> a -> Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> a +dn_fb c n x0 delta lim = go (x0 :: Integer) + where + go x | x < lim = n + | otherwise = x `c` go (x+delta) + +up_list :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> [Integer] +up_list x0 delta lim = go (x0 :: Integer) + where + go x | x > lim = [] + | otherwise = x : go (x+delta) +dn_list :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer -> [Integer] +dn_list x0 delta lim = go (x0 :: Integer) + where + go x | x < lim = [] + | otherwise = x : go (x+delta) \end{code} - -%********************************************************* -%* * -\subsection{The @Integer@ instances for @Show@} -%* * -%********************************************************* - -\begin{code} -instance Show Integer where - showsPrec p n r - | p > 6 && n < 0 = '(' : jtos n (')' : r) - -- Minor point: testing p first gives better code - -- in the not-uncommon case where the p argument - -- is a constant - | otherwise = jtos n r - showList = showList__ (showsPrec 0) - -jtos :: Integer -> String -> String -jtos n cs - | n < 0 = '-' : jtos' (-n) cs - | otherwise = jtos' n cs - where - jtos' :: Integer -> String -> String - jtos' n' cs' - | n' < 10 = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + fromInteger n') of - c@(C# _) -> c:cs' - | otherwise = case unsafeChr (ord '0' + fromInteger r) of - c@(C# _) -> jtos' q (c:cs') - where - (q,r) = n' `quotRemInteger` 10 -\end{code}