2 % (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1994-1996
5 % ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 \section[Costs]{Evaluating the costs of computing some abstract C code}
9 This module provides all necessary functions for computing for a given
10 abstract~C Program the costs of executing that program. This is done by the
14 {\verb type CostRes = (Int, Int, Int, Int, Int)}
15 {\verb costs :: AbstractC -> CostRes }
18 The meaning of the result tuple is:
20 \item The first component ({\tt i}) counts the number of integer,
21 arithmetic and bit-manipulating instructions.
22 \item The second component ({\tt b}) counts the number of branches (direct
23 branches as well as indirect ones).
24 \item The third component ({\tt l}) counts the number of load instructions.
25 \item The fourth component ({\tt s}) counts the number of store
27 \item The fifth component ({\tt f}) counts the number of floating point
31 This function is needed in GrAnSim for parallelism.
33 These are first suggestions for scaling the costs. But, this scaling should be done in the RTS rather than the compiler (this really should be tunable!):
39 #define INT_ARITHM_COSTS 1
40 #define GMP_ARITHM_COSTS 3 {- any clue for GMP costs ? -}
41 #define FLOAT_ARITHM_COSTS 3 {- any clue for float costs ? -}
42 #define BRANCH_COSTS 2
47 #include "HsVersions.h"
49 #define ACCUM_COSTS(i,b,l,s,f) (i+b+l+s+f)
51 #define NUM_REGS 10 {- PprAbsCSyn.lhs -} {- runtime/c-as-asm/CallWrap_C.lc -}
52 #define RESTORE_COSTS (Cost (0, 0, NUM_REGS, 0, 0) :: CostRes)
53 #define SAVE_COSTS (Cost (0, 0, 0, NUM_REGS, 0) :: CostRes)
54 #define CCALL_COSTS_GUESS (Cost (50, 0, 0, 0, 0) :: CostRes)
57 addrModeCosts, CostRes(Cost), nullCosts, Side(..)
63 import PrimOp ( primOpNeedsWrapper, PrimOp(..) )
65 -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
66 data CostRes = Cost (Int, Int, Int, Int, Int)
69 nullCosts = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 0) :: CostRes
70 initHdrCosts = Cost (2, 0, 0, 1, 0) :: CostRes
71 errorCosts = Cost (-1, -1, -1, -1, -1) -- just for debugging
73 oneArithm = Cost (1, 0, 0, 0, 0) :: CostRes
75 instance Eq CostRes where
76 (==) t1 t2 = i && b && l && s && f
77 where (i,b,l,s,f) = binOp' (==) t1 t2
79 instance Num CostRes where
87 mapOp :: (Int -> Int) -> CostRes -> CostRes
88 mapOp g ( Cost (i, b, l, s, f) ) = Cost (g i, g b, g l, g s, g f)
90 foldrOp :: (Int -> a -> a) -> a -> CostRes -> a
91 foldrOp o x ( Cost (i1, b1, l1, s1, f1) ) =
92 i1 `o` ( b1 `o` ( l1 `o` ( s1 `o` ( f1 `o` x))))
94 binOp :: (Int -> Int -> Int) -> CostRes -> CostRes -> CostRes
95 binOp o ( Cost (i1, b1, l1, s1, f1) ) ( Cost (i2, b2, l2, s2, f2) ) =
96 ( Cost (i1 `o` i2, b1 `o` b2, l1 `o` l2, s1 `o` s2, f1 `o` f2) )
98 binOp' :: (Int -> Int -> a) -> CostRes -> CostRes -> (a,a,a,a,a)
99 binOp' o ( Cost (i1, b1, l1, s1, f1) ) ( Cost (i2, b2, l2, s2, f2) ) =
100 (i1 `o` i2, b1 `o` b2, l1 `o` l2, s1 `o` s2, f1 `o` f2)
102 -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
104 data Side = Lhs | Rhs
107 -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
109 costs :: AbstractC -> CostRes
115 AbsCStmts absC1 absC2 -> costs absC1 + costs absC2
117 CAssign (CReg _) (CReg _) -> Cost (1,0,0,0,0) -- typ.: mov %reg1,%reg2
119 CAssign (CReg _) (CTemp _ _) -> Cost (1,0,0,0,0)
121 CAssign (CReg _) (CAddr _) -> Cost (1,0,0,0,0) -- typ.: add %reg1,<adr>,%reg2
123 CAssign target_m source_m -> addrModeCosts target_m Lhs +
124 addrModeCosts source_m Rhs
126 CJump (CLbl _ _) -> Cost (0,1,0,0,0) -- no ld for call necessary
128 CJump mode -> addrModeCosts mode Rhs +
131 CFallThrough mode -> addrModeCosts mode Rhs + -- chu' 0.24
134 CReturn mode info -> case info of
135 DirectReturn -> addrModeCosts mode Rhs +
138 -- i.e. ld address to reg and call reg
140 DynamicVectoredReturn mode' ->
141 addrModeCosts mode Rhs +
142 addrModeCosts mode' Rhs +
145 {- generates code like this:
146 JMP_(<mode>)[RVREL(<mode'>)];
147 i.e. 1 possb ld for mode'
152 StaticVectoredReturn _ -> addrModeCosts mode Rhs +
155 -- as above with mode' fixed to CLit
156 -- typically 2 ld + 1 call; 1st ld due
159 CSwitch mode alts absC -> nullCosts
160 {- for handling costs of all branches of
161 a CSwitch see PprAbsC.
164 Costs before CSwitch +
165 addrModeCosts of head +
166 Costs for 1 cond branch +
167 Costs for body of branch
170 CCodeBlock _ absC -> costs absC
172 CInitHdr cl_info reg_rel cost_centre inplace_upd -> initHdrCosts
174 {- This is more fancy but superflous: The addr modes
175 are fixed and so the costs are const!
177 argCosts + initHdrCosts
178 where argCosts = addrModeCosts (CAddr reg_rel) Rhs +
179 addrModeCosts base_lbl + -- CLbl!
180 3*addrModeCosts (mkIntCLit 1{- any val -})
182 {- this extends to something like
184 For costing the args of this macro
185 see PprAbsC.lhs where args are inserted -}
187 COpStmt modes_res primOp modes_args _ _ ->
194 if primOpNeedsWrapper primOp then SAVE_COSTS + RESTORE_COSTS
198 foldl (+) nullCosts [addrModeCosts mode Lhs | mode <- modes_res] +
199 foldl (+) nullCosts [addrModeCosts mode Rhs | mode <- modes_args] +
201 if primOpNeedsWrapper primOp then SAVE_COSTS + RESTORE_COSTS
204 CSimultaneous absC -> costs absC
206 CMacroStmt macro modes -> stmtMacroCosts macro modes
208 CCallProfCtrMacro _ _ -> nullCosts
209 {- we don't count profiling in GrAnSim -}
211 CCallProfCCMacro _ _ -> nullCosts
212 {- we don't count profiling in GrAnSim -}
214 -- *** the next three [or so...] are DATA (those above are CODE) ***
215 -- as they are data rather than code they all have nullCosts -- HWL
217 CStaticClosure _ _ _ _ -> nullCosts
219 CClosureInfoAndCode _ _ _ _ _ _ -> nullCosts
221 CRetVector _ _ _ -> nullCosts
223 CRetUnVector _ _ -> nullCosts
225 CFlatRetVector _ _ -> nullCosts
227 CCostCentreDecl _ _ -> nullCosts
229 CClosureUpdInfo _ -> nullCosts
231 CSplitMarker -> nullCosts
233 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
235 addrModeCosts :: CAddrMode -> Side -> CostRes
237 -- addrModeCosts _ _ = nullCosts
239 addrModeCosts addr_mode side =
244 CVal _ _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
245 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
247 CAddr _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0) -- ??unchecked
248 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
250 CReg _ -> nullCosts {- loading from, storing to reg is free ! -}
251 {- for costing CReg->Creg ops see special -}
252 {- case in costs fct -}
253 CTableEntry base_mode offset_mode kind ->
254 addrModeCosts base_mode side +
255 addrModeCosts offset_mode side +
258 CTemp _ _ -> nullCosts {- if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
259 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0) -}
260 -- ``Temporaries'' correspond to local variables in C, and registers in
262 -- I assume they can be somewhat optimized by gcc -- HWL
264 CLbl _ _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
265 else Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 0)
266 -- Rhs: typically: sethi %hi(lbl),%tmp_reg
267 -- or %tmp_reg,%lo(lbl),%target_reg
269 CUnVecLbl _ _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
270 else Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 0)
273 -- Check the following 3 (checked form CLit on)
275 CCharLike mode -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
276 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
278 CIntLike mode -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
279 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
281 CString _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
282 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
284 CLit _ -> if lhs then nullCosts -- should never occur
285 else Cost (1, 0, 0, 0, 0) -- typ.: mov lit,%reg
287 CLitLit _ _ -> if lhs then nullCosts
288 else Cost (1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
291 COffset _ -> if lhs then nullCosts
292 else Cost (1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
295 CCode absC -> costs absC
297 CLabelledCode _ absC -> costs absC
299 CJoinPoint _ _ -> if lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
300 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
302 CMacroExpr _ macro mode_list -> exprMacroCosts side macro mode_list
304 CCostCentre _ _ -> nullCosts
306 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
308 exprMacroCosts :: Side -> CExprMacro -> [CAddrMode] -> CostRes
310 exprMacroCosts side macro mode_list =
312 arg_costs = foldl (+) nullCosts
313 (map (\ x -> addrModeCosts x Rhs) mode_list)
317 INFO_PTR -> if side == Lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
318 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
319 ENTRY_CODE -> nullCosts
320 INFO_TAG -> if side == Lhs then Cost (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
321 else Cost (0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
322 EVAL_TAG -> if side == Lhs then Cost (1, 0, 0, 1, 0)
323 else Cost (1, 0, 1, 0, 0)
324 -- costs of INFO_TAG + (1,0,0,0,0)
326 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
328 stmtMacroCosts :: CStmtMacro -> [CAddrMode] -> CostRes
330 stmtMacroCosts macro modes =
332 arg_costs = foldl (+) nullCosts
333 [addrModeCosts mode Rhs | mode <- modes]
336 ARGS_CHK_A_LOAD_NODE -> Cost (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
337 -- p=probability of PAP (instead of AP): + p*(3,1,0,0,0)
338 ARGS_CHK_A -> Cost (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
339 -- p=probability of PAP (instead of AP): + p*(0,1,0,0,0)
340 ARGS_CHK_B_LOAD_NODE -> Cost (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
341 ARGS_CHK_B -> Cost (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
342 HEAP_CHK -> Cost (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
343 -- STK_CHK -> (2, 1, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
344 STK_CHK -> Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 0) {- StgMacros.lh -}
345 UPD_CAF -> Cost (7, 0, 1, 3, 0) {- SMupdate.lh -}
346 UPD_IND -> Cost (8, 2, 2, 0, 0) {- SMupdate.lh
347 updatee in old-gen: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0)
348 updatee in new-gen: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0)
349 NB: we include costs fo checking if there is
350 a BQ, but we omit costs for awakening BQ
351 (these probably differ between old-gen and
353 UPD_INPLACE_NOPTRS -> Cost (13, 3, 3, 2, 0) {- SMupdate.lh
354 common for both: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0)
355 updatee in old-gen: Cost (14, 3, 2, 4, 0)
356 updatee in new-gen: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0) -}
357 UPD_INPLACE_PTRS -> Cost (13, 3, 3, 2, 0) {- SMupdate.lh
358 common for both: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0)
359 updatee in old-gen: Cost (14, 3, 2, 4, 0)
360 updatee in new-gen: Cost (4, 1, 1, 0, 0) -}
362 UPD_BH_UPDATABLE -> Cost (3, 0, 0, 1, 0) {- SMupdate.lh -}
363 UPD_BH_SINGLE_ENTRY -> Cost (3, 0, 0, 1, 0) {- SMupdate.lh -}
364 PUSH_STD_UPD_FRAME -> Cost (3, 0, 0, 4, 0) {- SMupdate.lh -}
365 POP_STD_UPD_FRAME -> Cost (1, 0, 3, 0, 0) {- SMupdate.lh -}
366 SET_TAG -> nullCosts {- COptRegs.lh -}
367 GRAN_FETCH -> nullCosts {- GrAnSim bookkeeping -}
368 GRAN_RESCHEDULE -> nullCosts {- GrAnSim bookkeeping -}
369 GRAN_FETCH_AND_RESCHEDULE -> nullCosts {- GrAnSim bookkeeping -}
370 THREAD_CONTEXT_SWITCH -> nullCosts {- GrAnSim bookkeeping -}
371 _ -> trace "Costs.stmtMacroCosts" nullCosts
373 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
377 [ FloatGtOp , FloatGeOp , FloatEqOp , FloatNeOp , FloatLtOp , FloatLeOp
378 , DoubleGtOp , DoubleGeOp , DoubleEqOp , DoubleNeOp , DoubleLtOp , DoubleLeOp
379 , FloatAddOp , FloatSubOp , FloatMulOp , FloatDivOp , FloatNegOp
380 , Float2IntOp , Int2FloatOp
381 , FloatExpOp , FloatLogOp , FloatSqrtOp
382 , FloatSinOp , FloatCosOp , FloatTanOp
383 , FloatAsinOp , FloatAcosOp , FloatAtanOp
384 , FloatSinhOp , FloatCoshOp , FloatTanhOp
386 , DoubleAddOp , DoubleSubOp , DoubleMulOp , DoubleDivOp , DoubleNegOp
387 , Double2IntOp , Int2DoubleOp
388 , Double2FloatOp , Float2DoubleOp
389 , DoubleExpOp , DoubleLogOp , DoubleSqrtOp
390 , DoubleSinOp , DoubleCosOp , DoubleTanOp
391 , DoubleAsinOp , DoubleAcosOp , DoubleAtanOp
392 , DoubleSinhOp , DoubleCoshOp , DoubleTanhOp
394 , FloatEncodeOp , FloatDecodeOp
395 , DoubleEncodeOp , DoubleDecodeOp
400 [ IntegerAddOp , IntegerSubOp , IntegerMulOp
401 , IntegerQuotRemOp , IntegerDivModOp , IntegerNegOp
403 , Integer2IntOp , Int2IntegerOp
408 abs_costs = nullCosts -- NB: This is normal STG code with costs already
409 -- included; no need to add costs again.
411 umul_costs = Cost (21,4,0,0,0) -- due to spy counts
412 rem_costs = Cost (30,15,0,0,0) -- due to spy counts
413 div_costs = Cost (30,15,0,0,0) -- due to spy counts
415 primOpCosts :: PrimOp -> CostRes
419 primOpCosts (CCallOp _ _ _ _ _) = SAVE_COSTS + RESTORE_COSTS
420 -- don't guess costs of ccall proper
421 -- for exact costing use a GRAN_EXEC
424 -- Usually 3 mov instructions are needed to get args and res in right place.
426 primOpCosts IntMulOp = Cost (3, 1, 0, 0, 0) + umul_costs
427 primOpCosts IntQuotOp = Cost (3, 1, 0, 0, 0) + div_costs
428 primOpCosts IntRemOp = Cost (3, 1, 0, 0, 0) + rem_costs
429 primOpCosts IntNegOp = Cost (1, 1, 0, 0, 0) -- translates into 1 sub
430 primOpCosts IntAbsOp = Cost (0, 1, 0, 0, 0) -- abs closure already costed
432 primOpCosts FloatGtOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
433 primOpCosts FloatGeOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
434 primOpCosts FloatEqOp = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- cheap f-comp
435 primOpCosts FloatNeOp = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- cheap f-comp
436 primOpCosts FloatLtOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
437 primOpCosts FloatLeOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
438 primOpCosts DoubleGtOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
439 primOpCosts DoubleGeOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
440 primOpCosts DoubleEqOp = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- cheap f-comp
441 primOpCosts DoubleNeOp = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- cheap f-comp
442 primOpCosts DoubleLtOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
443 primOpCosts DoubleLeOp = Cost (2, 0, 0, 0, 2) -- expensive f-comp
445 primOpCosts FloatExpOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
446 primOpCosts FloatLogOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
447 primOpCosts FloatSqrtOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
448 primOpCosts FloatSinOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
449 primOpCosts FloatCosOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
450 primOpCosts FloatTanOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
451 primOpCosts FloatAsinOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
452 primOpCosts FloatAcosOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
453 primOpCosts FloatAtanOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
454 primOpCosts FloatSinhOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
455 primOpCosts FloatCoshOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
456 primOpCosts FloatTanhOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
457 --primOpCosts FloatAsinhOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
458 --primOpCosts FloatAcoshOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
459 --primOpCosts FloatAtanhOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
460 primOpCosts FloatPowerOp = Cost (2, 1, 4, 4, 3)
462 {- There should be special handling of the Array PrimOps in here HWL -}
465 | primOp `elem` floatOps = Cost (0, 0, 0, 0, 1) :: CostRes
466 | primOp `elem` gmpOps = Cost (30, 5, 10, 10, 0) :: CostRes -- GUESS; check it
467 | otherwise = Cost (1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
469 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
470 {- HWL: currently unused
472 costsByKind :: PrimRep -> Side -> CostRes
474 -- The following PrimKinds say that the data is already in a reg
476 costsByKind CharRep _ = nullCosts
477 costsByKind IntRep _ = nullCosts
478 costsByKind WordRep _ = nullCosts
479 costsByKind AddrRep _ = nullCosts
480 costsByKind FloatRep _ = nullCosts
481 costsByKind DoubleRep _ = nullCosts
483 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
486 This is the data structure of {\tt PrimOp} copied from prelude/PrimOp.lhs.
487 I include here some comments about the estimated costs for these @PrimOps@.
488 Compare with the @primOpCosts@ fct above. -- HWL
492 -- I assume all these basic comparisons take just one ALU instruction
493 -- Checked that for Char, Int; Word, Addr should be the same as Int.
495 = CharGtOp | CharGeOp | CharEqOp | CharNeOp | CharLtOp | CharLeOp
496 | IntGtOp | IntGeOp | IntEqOp | IntNeOp | IntLtOp | IntLeOp
497 | WordGtOp | WordGeOp | WordEqOp | WordNeOp | WordLtOp | WordLeOp
498 | AddrGtOp | AddrGeOp | AddrEqOp | AddrNeOp | AddrLtOp | AddrLeOp
500 -- Analogously, these take one FP unit instruction
501 -- Haven't checked that, yet.
503 | FloatGtOp | FloatGeOp | FloatEqOp | FloatNeOp | FloatLtOp | FloatLeOp
504 | DoubleGtOp | DoubleGeOp | DoubleEqOp | DoubleNeOp | DoubleLtOp | DoubleLeOp
506 -- 1 ALU op; unchecked
509 -- these just take 1 ALU op; checked
510 | IntAddOp | IntSubOp
512 -- but these take more than that; see special cases in primOpCosts
513 -- I counted the generated ass. instructions for these -> checked
514 | IntMulOp | IntQuotOp
515 | IntRemOp | IntNegOp | IntAbsOp
517 -- Rest is unchecked so far -- HWL
519 -- Word#-related ops:
520 | AndOp | OrOp | NotOp | ShiftLOp | ShiftROp
521 | Int2WordOp | Word2IntOp -- casts
523 -- Addr#-related ops:
524 | Int2AddrOp | Addr2IntOp -- casts
526 -- Float#-related ops:
527 | FloatAddOp | FloatSubOp | FloatMulOp | FloatDivOp | FloatNegOp
528 | Float2IntOp | Int2FloatOp
530 | FloatExpOp | FloatLogOp | FloatSqrtOp
531 | FloatSinOp | FloatCosOp | FloatTanOp
532 | FloatAsinOp | FloatAcosOp | FloatAtanOp
533 | FloatSinhOp | FloatCoshOp | FloatTanhOp
534 -- not all machines have these available conveniently:
535 -- | FloatAsinhOp | FloatAcoshOp | FloatAtanhOp
536 | FloatPowerOp -- ** op
538 -- Double#-related ops:
539 | DoubleAddOp | DoubleSubOp | DoubleMulOp | DoubleDivOp | DoubleNegOp
540 | Double2IntOp | Int2DoubleOp
541 | Double2FloatOp | Float2DoubleOp
543 | DoubleExpOp | DoubleLogOp | DoubleSqrtOp
544 | DoubleSinOp | DoubleCosOp | DoubleTanOp
545 | DoubleAsinOp | DoubleAcosOp | DoubleAtanOp
546 | DoubleSinhOp | DoubleCoshOp | DoubleTanhOp
547 -- not all machines have these available conveniently:
548 -- | DoubleAsinhOp | DoubleAcoshOp | DoubleAtanhOp
549 | DoublePowerOp -- ** op
551 -- Integer (and related...) ops:
552 -- slightly weird -- to match GMP package.
553 | IntegerAddOp | IntegerSubOp | IntegerMulOp
554 | IntegerQuotRemOp | IntegerDivModOp | IntegerNegOp
558 | Integer2IntOp | Int2IntegerOp
559 | Addr2IntegerOp -- "Addr" is *always* a literal string
562 | FloatEncodeOp | FloatDecodeOp
563 | DoubleEncodeOp | DoubleDecodeOp
565 -- primitive ops for primitive arrays
568 | NewByteArrayOp PrimRep
571 | SameMutableByteArrayOp
573 | ReadArrayOp | WriteArrayOp | IndexArrayOp -- for arrays of Haskell ptrs
575 | ReadByteArrayOp PrimRep
576 | WriteByteArrayOp PrimRep
577 | IndexByteArrayOp PrimRep
578 | IndexOffAddrOp PrimRep
579 -- PrimRep can be one of {Char,Int,Addr,Float,Double}Kind.
580 -- This is just a cheesy encoding of a bunch of ops.
581 -- Note that ForeignObjRep is not included -- the only way of
582 -- creating a ForeignObj is with a ccall or casm.
584 | UnsafeFreezeArrayOp | UnsafeFreezeByteArrayOp
586 | MakeStablePtrOp | DeRefStablePtrOp
589 A special ``trap-door'' to use in making calls direct to C functions:
590 Note: From GrAn point of view, CCall is probably very expensive
591 The programmer can specify the costs of the Ccall by inserting
592 a GRAN_EXEC(a,b,l,s,f) at the end of the C- code, specifing the
593 number or arithm., branch, load, store and floating point instructions
597 | CCallOp String -- An "unboxed" ccall# to this named function
598 Bool -- True <=> really a "casm"
599 Bool -- True <=> might invoke Haskell GC
600 [Type] -- Unboxed argument; the state-token
601 -- argument will have been put *first*
602 Type -- Return type; one of the "StateAnd<blah>#" types
604 -- (... to be continued ... )