\section[CoreRules]{Transformation rules}
\begin{code}
+{-# OPTIONS -w #-}
+-- The above warning supression flag is a temporary kludge.
+-- While working on this module you are encouraged to remove it and fix
+-- any warnings in the module. See
+-- http://hackage.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/CodingStyle#Warnings
+-- for details
+
+-- | Functions for collecting together and applying rewrite rules to a module.
+-- The 'CoreRule' datatype itself is declared elsewhere.
module Rules (
- RuleBase, emptyRuleBase, mkRuleBase, extendRuleBaseList,
- unionRuleBase, pprRuleBase, ruleCheckProgram,
+ -- * RuleBase
+ RuleBase,
+
+ -- ** Constructing
+ emptyRuleBase, mkRuleBase, extendRuleBaseList,
+ unionRuleBase, pprRuleBase,
+
+ -- ** Checking rule applications
+ ruleCheckProgram,
+ -- ** Manipulating 'SpecInfo' rules
mkSpecInfo, extendSpecInfo, addSpecInfo,
- rulesOfBinds, addIdSpecialisations,
+ addIdSpecialisations,
- matchN,
-
+ -- * Misc. CoreRule helpers
+ rulesOfBinds, getRules, pprRulesForUser,
+
lookupRule, mkLocalRule, roughTopNames
) where
#include "HsVersions.h"
import CoreSyn -- All of it
-import CoreSubst ( substExpr, mkSubst )
import OccurAnal ( occurAnalyseExpr )
-import CoreFVs ( exprFreeVars, exprsFreeVars, bindFreeVars, rulesRhsFreeVars )
-import CoreUnfold ( isCheapUnfolding, unfoldingTemplate )
-import CoreUtils ( tcEqExprX )
+import CoreFVs ( exprFreeVars, exprsFreeVars, bindFreeVars, rulesFreeVars )
+import CoreUtils ( tcEqExprX, exprType )
import PprCore ( pprRules )
-import Type ( TvSubstEnv )
+import Type ( Type, TvSubstEnv )
import Coercion ( coercionKind )
import TcType ( tcSplitTyConApp_maybe )
import CoreTidy ( tidyRules )
-import Id ( Id, idUnfolding, isLocalId, isGlobalId, idName,
- idSpecialisation, idCoreRules, setIdSpecialisation )
+import Id
import IdInfo ( SpecInfo( SpecInfo ) )
import Var ( Var )
import VarEnv
import VarSet
-import Name ( Name, NamedThing(..), nameOccName )
+import Name ( Name, NamedThing(..) )
import NameEnv
import Unify ( ruleMatchTyX, MatchEnv(..) )
-import BasicTypes ( Activation, CompilerPhase, isActive )
+import BasicTypes ( Activation )
+import StaticFlags ( opt_PprStyle_Debug )
import Outputable
import FastString
import Maybes
import OrdList
import Bag
import Util
-import List hiding( mapAccumL ) -- Also defined in Util
+import Data.List
\end{code}
\begin{code}
mkLocalRule :: RuleName -> Activation
-> Name -> [CoreBndr] -> [CoreExpr] -> CoreExpr -> CoreRule
--- Used to make CoreRule for an Id defined in this module
+-- ^ Used to make 'CoreRule' for an 'Id' defined in the module being
+-- compiled. See also 'CoreSyn.CoreRule'
mkLocalRule name act fn bndrs args rhs
= Rule { ru_name = name, ru_fn = fn, ru_act = act,
ru_bndrs = bndrs, ru_args = args,
ru_rhs = rhs, ru_rough = roughTopNames args,
- ru_orph = Just (nameOccName fn), ru_local = True }
+ ru_local = True }
--------------
roughTopNames :: [CoreExpr] -> [Maybe Name]
+-- ^ Find the \"top\" free names of several expressions.
+-- Such names are either:
+--
+-- 1. The function finally being applied to in an application chain
+-- (if that name is a GlobalId: see "Var#globalvslocal"), or
+--
+-- 2. The 'TyCon' if the expression is a 'Type'
+--
+-- This is used for the fast-match-check for rules;
+-- if the top names don't match, the rest can't
roughTopNames args = map roughTopName args
roughTopName :: CoreExpr -> Maybe Name
--- Find the "top" free name of an expression
--- a) the function in an App chain (if a GlobalId)
--- b) the TyCon in a type
--- This is used for the fast-match-check for rules;
--- if the top names don't match, the rest can't
roughTopName (Type ty) = case tcSplitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc,_) -> Just (getName tc)
Nothing -> Nothing
roughTopName other = Nothing
ruleCantMatch :: [Maybe Name] -> [Maybe Name] -> Bool
--- (ruleCantMatch tpl actual) returns True only if 'actual'
--- definitely can't match 'tpl' by instantiating 'tpl'.
+-- ^ @ruleCantMatch tpl actual@ returns True only if @actual@
+-- definitely can't match @tpl@ by instantiating @tpl@.
-- It's only a one-way match; unlike instance matching we
--- don't consider unification
+-- don't consider unification.
--
--- Notice that there is no case
--- ruleCantMatch (Just n1 : ts) (Nothing : as) = True
--- Reason: a local variable 'v' in the actuals might
--- have an unfolding which is a global.
--- This quite often happens with case scrutinees.
+-- Notice that [_$_]
+-- @ruleCantMatch [Nothing] [Just n2] = False@
+-- Reason: a template variable can be instantiated by a constant
+-- Also:
+-- @ruleCantMatch [Just n1] [Nothing] = False@
+-- Reason: a local variable @v@ in the actuals might [_$_]
+
ruleCantMatch (Just n1 : ts) (Just n2 : as) = n1 /= n2 || ruleCantMatch ts as
ruleCantMatch (t : ts) (a : as) = ruleCantMatch ts as
ruleCantMatch ts as = False
\end{code}
+\begin{code}
+pprRulesForUser :: [CoreRule] -> SDoc
+-- (a) tidy the rules
+-- (b) sort them into order based on the rule name
+-- (c) suppress uniques (unless -dppr-debug is on)
+-- This combination makes the output stable so we can use in testing
+-- It's here rather than in PprCore because it calls tidyRules
+pprRulesForUser rules
+ = withPprStyle defaultUserStyle $
+ pprRules $
+ sortLe le_rule $
+ tidyRules emptyTidyEnv rules
+ where
+ le_rule r1 r2 = ru_name r1 <= ru_name r2
+\end{code}
+
%************************************************************************
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
+-- | Make a 'SpecInfo' containing a number of 'CoreRule's, suitable
+-- for putting into an 'IdInfo'
mkSpecInfo :: [CoreRule] -> SpecInfo
-mkSpecInfo rules = SpecInfo rules (rulesRhsFreeVars rules)
+mkSpecInfo rules = SpecInfo rules (rulesFreeVars rules)
extendSpecInfo :: SpecInfo -> [CoreRule] -> SpecInfo
extendSpecInfo (SpecInfo rs1 fvs1) rs2
- = SpecInfo (rs2 ++ rs1) (rulesRhsFreeVars rs2 `unionVarSet` fvs1)
+ = SpecInfo (rs2 ++ rs1) (rulesFreeVars rs2 `unionVarSet` fvs1)
addSpecInfo :: SpecInfo -> SpecInfo -> SpecInfo
addSpecInfo (SpecInfo rs1 fvs1) (SpecInfo rs2 fvs2)
= setIdSpecialisation id $
extendSpecInfo (idSpecialisation id) rules
+-- | Gather all the rules for locally bound identifiers from the supplied bindings
rulesOfBinds :: [CoreBind] -> [CoreRule]
rulesOfBinds binds = concatMap (concatMap idCoreRules . bindersOf) binds
+
+getRules :: RuleBase -> Id -> [CoreRule]
+ -- The rules for an Id come from two places:
+ -- (a) the ones it is born with (idCoreRules fn)
+ -- (b) rules added in subsequent modules (extra_rules)
+ -- PrimOps, for example, are born with a bunch of rules under (a)
+getRules rule_base fn
+ | isLocalId fn = idCoreRules fn
+ | otherwise = WARN( not (isPrimOpId fn) && notNull (idCoreRules fn),
+ ppr fn <+> ppr (idCoreRules fn) )
+ idCoreRules fn ++ (lookupNameEnv rule_base (idName fn) `orElse` [])
+ -- Only PrimOpIds have rules inside themselves, and perhaps more besides
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
+-- | Gathers a collection of 'CoreRule's. Maps (the name of) an 'Id' to its rules
type RuleBase = NameEnv [CoreRule]
- -- Maps (the name of) an Id to its rules
-- The rules are are unordered;
-- we sort out any overlaps on lookup
%* *
%************************************************************************
+Note [Extra args in rule matching]
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+If we find a matching rule, we return (Just (rule, rhs)),
+but the rule firing has only consumed as many of the input args
+as the ruleArity says. It's up to the caller to keep track
+of any left-over args. E.g. if you call
+ lookupRule ... f [e1, e2, e3]
+and it returns Just (r, rhs), where r has ruleArity 2
+then the real rewrite is
+ f e1 e2 e3 ==> rhs e3
+
+You might think it'd be cleaner for lookupRule to deal with the
+leftover arguments, by applying 'rhs' to them, but the main call
+in the Simplifier works better as it is. Reason: the 'args' passed
+to lookupRule are the result of a lazy substitution
+
\begin{code}
+-- | The main rule matching function. Attempts to apply all (active)
+-- supplied rules to this instance of an application in a given
+-- context, returning the rule applied and the resulting expression if
+-- successful.
lookupRule :: (Activation -> Bool) -> InScopeSet
- -> RuleBase -- Imported rules
- -> Id -> [CoreExpr] -> Maybe (CoreRule, CoreExpr)
-lookupRule is_active in_scope rule_base fn args
- = matchRules is_active in_scope fn args rules
- where
- -- The rules for an Id come from two places:
- -- (a) the ones it is born with (idCoreRules fn)
- -- (b) rules added in subsequent modules (extra_rules)
- -- PrimOps, for example, are born with a bunch of rules under (a)
- rules = extra_rules ++ idCoreRules fn
- extra_rules | isLocalId fn = []
- | otherwise = lookupNameEnv rule_base (idName fn) `orElse` []
+ -> Id -> [CoreExpr]
+ -> [CoreRule] -> Maybe (CoreRule, CoreExpr)
-matchRules :: (Activation -> Bool) -> InScopeSet
- -> Id -> [CoreExpr]
- -> [CoreRule] -> Maybe (CoreRule, CoreExpr)
+-- See Note [Extra args in rule matching]
-- See comments on matchRule
-matchRules is_active in_scope fn args rules
+lookupRule is_active in_scope fn args rules
= -- pprTrace "matchRules" (ppr fn <+> ppr rules) $
case go [] rules of
[] -> Nothing
go ms (r:rs) = case (matchRule is_active in_scope args rough_args r) of
Just e -> go ((r,e):ms) rs
Nothing -> -- pprTrace "match failed" (ppr r $$ ppr args $$
- -- ppr [(arg_id, unfoldingTemplate unf) | Var arg_id <- args, let unf = idUnfolding arg_id, isCheapUnfolding unf] )
+ -- ppr [(arg_id, unfoldingTemplate unf) | Var arg_id <- args, let unf = idUnfolding arg_id, isCheapUnfolding unf] )
go ms rs
findBest :: (Id, [CoreExpr])
findBest target (rule1,ans1) ((rule2,ans2):prs)
| rule1 `isMoreSpecific` rule2 = findBest target (rule1,ans1) prs
| rule2 `isMoreSpecific` rule1 = findBest target (rule2,ans2) prs
-#ifdef DEBUG
- | otherwise = pprTrace "Rules.findBest: rule overlap (Rule 1 wins)"
- (vcat [ptext SLIT("Expression to match:") <+> ppr fn <+> sep (map ppr args),
- ptext SLIT("Rule 1:") <+> ppr rule1,
- ptext SLIT("Rule 2:") <+> ppr rule2]) $
+ | debugIsOn = let pp_rule rule
+ | opt_PprStyle_Debug = ppr rule
+ | otherwise = doubleQuotes (ftext (ru_name rule))
+ in pprTrace "Rules.findBest: rule overlap (Rule 1 wins)"
+ (vcat [if opt_PprStyle_Debug then
+ ptext (sLit "Expression to match:") <+> ppr fn <+> sep (map ppr args)
+ else empty,
+ ptext (sLit "Rule 1:") <+> pp_rule rule1,
+ ptext (sLit "Rule 2:") <+> pp_rule rule2]) $
findBest target (rule1,ans1) prs
-#else
| otherwise = findBest target (rule1,ans1) prs
-#endif
where
(fn,args) = target
\end{code}
\begin{code}
-matchN :: InScopeSet
- -> [Var] -- Template tyvars
- -> [CoreExpr] -- Template
- -> [CoreExpr] -- Target; can have more elts than template
- -> Maybe ([CoreBind], -- Bindings to wrap around the entire result
- [CoreExpr]) -- What is substituted for each template var
+-- For a given match template and context, find bindings to wrap around
+-- the entire result and what should be substituted for each template variable.
+-- Fail if there are two few actual arguments from the target to match the template
+matchN :: InScopeSet -- ^ In-scope variables
+ -> [Var] -- ^ Match template type variables
+ -> [CoreExpr] -- ^ Match template
+ -> [CoreExpr] -- ^ Target; can have more elements than the template
+ -> Maybe ([CoreBind],
+ [CoreExpr])
matchN in_scope tmpl_vars tmpl_es target_es
= do { (tv_subst, id_subst, binds)
-- potentially inefficient, because of the calls to substExpr,
-- but I don't think it'll happen much in pracice.
+{- Cases to think about
+ (let x=y+1 in \x. (x,x))
+ --> let x=y+1 in (\x1. (x1,x1))
+ (\x. let x = y+1 in (x,x))
+ --> let x1 = y+1 in (\x. (x1,x1)
+ (let x=y+1 in (x,x), let x=y-1 in (x,x))
+ --> let x=y+1 in let x1=y-1 in ((x,x),(x1,x1))
+
+Watch out!
+ (let x=y+1 in let z=x+1 in (z,z)
+ --> matches (p,p) but watch out that the use of
+ x on z's rhs is OK!
+I'm removing the cloning because that makes the above case
+fail, because the inner let looks as if it has locally-bound vars -}
+
match menv subst@(tv_subst, id_subst, binds) e1 (Let bind e2)
- | not (any locally_bound bind_fvs)
+ | all freshly_bound bndrs,
+ not (any locally_bound bind_fvs)
= match (menv { me_env = rn_env' })
(tv_subst, id_subst, binds `snocOL` bind')
e1 e2'
where
rn_env = me_env menv
bndrs = bindersOf bind
- rhss = rhssOfBind bind
bind_fvs = varSetElems (bindFreeVars bind)
locally_bound x = inRnEnvR rn_env x
+ freshly_bound x = not (x `rnInScope` rn_env)
+ bind' = bind
+ e2' = e2
+ rn_env' = extendRnInScopeList rn_env bndrs
+{-
(rn_env', bndrs') = mapAccumL rnBndrR rn_env bndrs
s_prs = [(bndr, Var bndr') | (bndr,bndr') <- zip bndrs bndrs', bndr /= bndr']
subst = mkSubst (rnInScopeSet rn_env) emptyVarEnv (mkVarEnv s_prs)
s_bind = case bind of
NonRec {} -> NonRec (head bndrs') (head rhss)
Rec {} -> Rec (bndrs' `zip` map (substExpr subst) rhss)
+-}
match menv subst (Lit lit1) (Lit lit2)
| lit1 == lit2
= match_ty menv subst ty1 ty2
match menv subst (Cast e1 co1) (Cast e2 co2)
- | (from1, to1) <- coercionKind co1
- , (from2, to2) <- coercionKind co2
- = do { subst1 <- match_ty menv subst to1 to2
- ; subst2 <- match_ty menv subst1 from1 from2
- ; match menv subst2 e1 e2 }
+ = do { subst1 <- match_ty menv subst co1 co2
+ ; match menv subst1 e1 e2 }
{- REMOVING OLD CODE: I think that the above handling for let is
better than the stuff here, which looks
-> Nothing -- Occurs check failure
-- e.g. match forall a. (\x-> a x) against (\y. y y)
- | otherwise -- No renaming to do on e2
- -> Just (tv_subst, extendVarEnv id_subst v1' e2, binds)
+ | otherwise -- No renaming to do on e2, because no free var
+ -- of e2 is in the rnEnvR of the envt
+ -- Note [Matching variable types]
+ -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ -- However, we must match the *types*; e.g.
+ -- forall (c::Char->Int) (x::Char).
+ -- f (c x) = "RULE FIRED"
+ -- We must only match on args that have the right type
+ -- It's actually quite difficult to come up with an example that shows
+ -- you need type matching, esp since matching is left-to-right, so type
+ -- args get matched first. But it's possible (e.g. simplrun008) and
+ -- this is the Right Thing to do
+ -> do { tv_subst' <- Unify.ruleMatchTyX menv tv_subst (idType v1') (exprType e2)
+ -- c.f. match_ty below
+ ; return (tv_subst', extendVarEnv id_subst v1' e2, binds) }
Just e1' | tcEqExprX (nukeRnEnvL rn_env) e1' e2
-> Just subst
\begin{code}
------------------------------------------
+match_ty :: MatchEnv
+ -> SubstEnv
+ -> Type -- Template
+ -> Type -- Target
+ -> Maybe SubstEnv
match_ty menv (tv_subst, id_subst, binds) ty1 ty2
= do { tv_subst' <- Unify.ruleMatchTyX menv tv_subst ty1 ty2
; return (tv_subst', id_subst, binds) }
Data.Maybe.Nothing -> lvl_smf;
Data.Maybe.Just n_acT [Just S(L)] ->
case n_acT of wild1_ams [Just A] { GHC.Base.I# y_amr [Just L] ->
- $wfoo_smW (GHC.Prim.-# ds_Xmb y_amr) wild_Xf
+ \$wfoo_smW (GHC.Prim.-# ds_Xmb y_amr) wild_Xf
}};
and correctly generates the rule
RULES: "SC:$wfoo1" [0] __forall {y_amr [Just L] :: GHC.Prim.Int#
sc_snn :: GHC.Prim.Int#}
- $wfoo_smW sc_snn (Data.Maybe.Just @ GHC.Base.Int (GHC.Base.I# y_amr))
- = $s$wfoo_sno y_amr sc_snn ;]
+ \$wfoo_smW sc_snn (Data.Maybe.Just @ GHC.Base.Int (GHC.Base.I# y_amr))
+ = \$s\$wfoo_sno y_amr sc_snn ;]
BUT we must ensure that this rule matches in the original function!
-Note that the call to $wfoo is
- $wfoo_smW (GHC.Prim.-# ds_Xmb y_amr) wild_Xf
+Note that the call to \$wfoo is
+ \$wfoo_smW (GHC.Prim.-# ds_Xmb y_amr) wild_Xf
During matching we expand wild_Xf to (Just n_acT). But then we must also
expand n_acT to (I# y_amr). And we can only do that if we look up n_acT
We want to know what sites have rules that could have fired but didn't.
This pass runs over the tree (without changing it) and reports such.
-NB: we assume that this follows a run of the simplifier, so every Id
-occurrence (including occurrences of imported Ids) is decorated with
-all its (active) rules. No need to construct a rule base or anything
-like that.
-
\begin{code}
-ruleCheckProgram :: CompilerPhase -> String -> [CoreBind] -> SDoc
--- Report partial matches for rules beginning
--- with the specified string
-ruleCheckProgram phase rule_pat binds
+-- | Report partial matches for rules beginning with the specified
+-- string for the purposes of error reporting
+ruleCheckProgram :: (Activation -> Bool) -- ^ Rule activation test
+ -> String -- ^ Rule pattern
+ -> RuleBase -- ^ Database of rules
+ -> [CoreBind] -- ^ Bindings to check in
+ -> SDoc -- ^ Resulting check message
+ruleCheckProgram is_active rule_pat rule_base binds
| isEmptyBag results
= text "Rule check results: no rule application sites"
| otherwise
vcat [ p $$ line | p <- bagToList results ]
]
where
- results = unionManyBags (map (ruleCheckBind (phase, rule_pat)) binds)
+ results = unionManyBags (map (ruleCheckBind (RuleCheckEnv is_active rule_pat rule_base)) binds)
line = text (replicate 20 '-')
-type RuleCheckEnv = (CompilerPhase, String) -- Phase and Pattern
+data RuleCheckEnv = RuleCheckEnv {
+ rc_is_active :: Activation -> Bool,
+ rc_pattern :: String,
+ rc_rule_base :: RuleBase
+}
ruleCheckBind :: RuleCheckEnv -> CoreBind -> Bag SDoc
-- The Bag returned has one SDoc for each call site found
-- Produce a report for all rules matching the predicate
-- saying why it doesn't match the specified application
-ruleCheckFun (phase, pat) fn args
+ruleCheckFun env fn args
| null name_match_rules = emptyBag
- | otherwise = unitBag (ruleAppCheck_help phase fn args name_match_rules)
+ | otherwise = unitBag (ruleAppCheck_help (rc_is_active env) fn args name_match_rules)
where
- name_match_rules = filter match (idCoreRules fn)
- match rule = pat `isPrefixOf` unpackFS (ruleName rule)
+ name_match_rules = filter match (getRules (rc_rule_base env) fn)
+ match rule = (rc_pattern env) `isPrefixOf` unpackFS (ruleName rule)
-ruleAppCheck_help :: CompilerPhase -> Id -> [CoreExpr] -> [CoreRule] -> SDoc
-ruleAppCheck_help phase fn args rules
+ruleAppCheck_help :: (Activation -> Bool) -> Id -> [CoreExpr] -> [CoreRule] -> SDoc
+ruleAppCheck_help is_active fn args rules
= -- The rules match the pattern, so we want to print something
vcat [text "Expression:" <+> ppr (mkApps (Var fn) args),
vcat (map check_rule rules)]
check_rule rule = rule_herald rule <> colon <+> rule_info rule
rule_herald (BuiltinRule { ru_name = name })
- = ptext SLIT("Builtin rule") <+> doubleQuotes (ftext name)
+ = ptext (sLit "Builtin rule") <+> doubleQuotes (ftext name)
rule_herald (Rule { ru_name = name })
- = ptext SLIT("Rule") <+> doubleQuotes (ftext name)
+ = ptext (sLit "Rule") <+> doubleQuotes (ftext name)
rule_info rule
| Just _ <- matchRule noBlackList emptyInScopeSet args rough_args rule
rule_info (Rule { ru_name = name, ru_act = act,
ru_bndrs = rule_bndrs, ru_args = rule_args})
- | not (isActive phase act) = text "active only in later phase"
+ | not (is_active act) = text "active only in later phase"
| n_args < n_rule_args = text "too few arguments"
| n_mismatches == n_rule_args = text "no arguments match"
| n_mismatches == 0 = text "all arguments match (considered individually), but rule as a whole does not"
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