X-Git-Url: http://git.megacz.com/?p=ghc-hetmet.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=docs%2Fusers_guide%2Fglasgow_exts.xml;h=f22e6c9edf85ebae04c672517f5e254c3cbbf966;hp=9b4dc588d32847818b81b96e0e1efdde82c4c572;hb=f3399c446c7507d46d6cc550aa2fe7027dbc1b5b;hpb=206b4dec78250efef3cd927d64dc6cbc54a16c3d diff --git a/docs/users_guide/glasgow_exts.xml b/docs/users_guide/glasgow_exts.xml index 9b4dc58..f22e6c9 100644 --- a/docs/users_guide/glasgow_exts.xml +++ b/docs/users_guide/glasgow_exts.xml @@ -290,6 +290,17 @@ documentation describes all the libraries that come with GHC. + + + + Enables quasiquotation (see ). + + Syntax stolen: + [:varid|. + + + @@ -4985,6 +4996,15 @@ Wiki page. + A quasi-quotation can appear in either a pattern context or an + expression context and is also written in Oxford brackets: + + [:varid| ... |], + where the "..." is an arbitrary string; a full description of the + quasi-quotation facility is given in . + + + A name can be quoted with either one or two prefix single quotes: 'f has type Name, and names the function f. @@ -5158,6 +5178,124 @@ The basic idea is to compile the program twice: + Template Haskell Quasi-quotation +Quasi-quotation allows patterns and expressions to be written using +programmer-defined concrete syntax; the motivation behind the extension and +several examples are documented in +"Why It's +Nice to be Quoted: Quasiquoting for Haskell" (Proc Haskell Workshop +2007). The example below shows how to write a quasiquoter for a simple +expression language. + + +In the example, the quasiquoter expr is bound to a value of +type Language.Haskell.TH.Quote.QuasiQuoter which contains two +functions for quoting expressions and patterns, respectively. The first argument +to each quoter is the (arbitrary) string enclosed in the Oxford brackets. The +context of the quasi-quotation statement determines which of the two parsers is +called: if the quasi-quotation occurs in an expression context, the expression +parser is called, and if it occurs in a pattern context, the pattern parser is +called. + + +Note that in the example we make use of an antiquoted +variable n, indicated by the syntax 'int:n +(this syntax for anti-quotation was defined by the parser's +author, not by GHC). This binds n to the +integer value argument of the constructor IntExpr when +pattern matching. Please see the referenced paper for further details regarding +anti-quotation as well as the description of a technique that uses SYB to +leverage a single parser of type String -> a to generate both +an expression parser that returns a value of type Q Exp and a +pattern parser that returns a value of type Q Pat. + + +In general, a quasi-quote has the form +[$quoter| string |]. +The quoter must be the name of an imported quoter; it +cannot be an arbitrary expression. The quoted string +can be arbitrary, and may contain newlines. + + +Quasiquoters must obey the same stage restrictions as Template Haskell, e.g., in +the example, expr cannot be defined +in Main.hs where it is used, but must be imported. + + + + +{- Main.hs -} +module Main where + +import Expr + +main :: IO () +main = do { print $ eval [$expr|1 + 2|] + ; case IntExpr 1 of + { [$expr|'int:n|] -> print n + ; _ -> return () + } + } + + +{- Expr.hs -} +module Expr where + +import qualified Language.Haskell.TH as TH +import Language.Haskell.TH.Quasi + +data Expr = IntExpr Integer + | AntiIntExpr String + | BinopExpr BinOp Expr Expr + | AntiExpr String + deriving(Show, Typeable, Data) + +data BinOp = AddOp + | SubOp + | MulOp + | DivOp + deriving(Show, Typeable, Data) + +eval :: Expr -> Integer +eval (IntExpr n) = n +eval (BinopExpr op x y) = (opToFun op) (eval x) (eval y) + where + opToFun AddOp = (+) + opToFun SubOp = (-) + opToFun MulOp = (*) + opToFun DivOp = div + +expr = QuasiQuoter parseExprExp parseExprPat + +-- Parse an Expr, returning its representation as +-- either a Q Exp or a Q Pat. See the referenced paper +-- for how to use SYB to do this by writing a single +-- parser of type String -> Expr instead of two +-- separate parsers. + +parseExprExp :: String -> Q Exp +parseExprExp ... + +parseExprPat :: String -> Q Pat +parseExprPat ... + + +Now run the compiler: + + +$ ghc --make -XQuasiQuotes Main.hs -o main + + +Run "main" and here is your output: + + +$ ./main +3 +1 + + + +