\providecommand{\bysame}{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace} \providecommand{\MR}{\relax\ifhmode\unskip\space\fi MR } % \MRhref is called by the amsart/book/proc definition of \MR. \providecommand{\MRhref}[2]{% \href{http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=#1}{#2} } \providecommand{\href}[2]{#2} \begin{thebibliography}{10} \bibitem{j2me} http://java.sun.com/j2me/docs/index.html. \bibitem{msil} http://research.microsoft.com/~emeijer/Papers/CLR.pdf. \bibitem{parrot} http://www.parrotcode.org. \bibitem{python} http://www.python.org. \bibitem{jazillian} http://www.jazillian.com/. \bibitem{c2j} http://www.soften.ktu.lt/~stonis/c2java/. \bibitem{gcc} http://gcc.gnu.org/. \bibitem{jikes} http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/jikes/. \bibitem{csharp} \emph{The c\# programming language}, http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/a/c/0acb3585-3f3f-4169-ad61-efc9f01% 76788/CSharp.zip. \bibitem{cni} \emph{The cygnus native interface for c++/java integration}, http://gcc.gnu.org/java/papers/cni/t1.html. \bibitem{hotspot} \emph{The java hotspot performance engine architecture}, 1999, http://java.sun.com/products/hotspot/whitepaper.html. \bibitem{capp} Frank Buddrus and Jorg Schodel, \emph{Cappuccino -- a c++ to java translator}, Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied Computing (1998). \bibitem{java} James Gosling et~al., \emph{The {Java} language specification}, GOTOP Information Inc., 5F, No.7, Lane 50, Sec.3 Nan Kang Road Taipei, Taiwan; Unit 1905, Metro Plaza Tower 2, No. 223 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Chung, N.T., Hong Kong, 1996, citeseer.ist.psu.edu/gosling96java.html. \bibitem{KR} B.~W. Kernighan and D.~M. Ritchie, \emph{The c programming language}, (1979). \bibitem{jni} Sheng Liang, \emph{The javatm native interface: Programmer's guide and specification}, (1999). \bibitem{mohca} Scott Malabarba, Premkumar~T. Devanbu, and Aaron Stearns, \emph{Mohca-java: A tool for c++ to java conversion support}, International Conference on Software Engineering, 1999, citeseer.ist.psu.edu/malabarba99mohcajava.html, pp.~650--653. \bibitem{ephedra} J.~Martin, \emph{Ephedra: A c to java migration environment}, (2002), http://www.rigi.csc.uvic.ca/?jmartin/Ephedra. \bibitem{c2jpp} Novosoft, (September 2001), C2J ?C to Java translator. \bibitem{soustroup} B.~Stroustrup., \emph{The c++ programming language}, (1997). \bibitem{egcsjvm} T.~Waddington, \emph{Java backend for gcc}, (November 2000), http://archive.csee.uq.edu.au/?csmweb/uqbt.html\#gccjvm. \end{thebibliography}