1 package edu.berkeley.qfat.voxel;
2 import edu.berkeley.qfat.*;
3 import edu.berkeley.qfat.geom.*;
5 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
7 // http://local.wasp.uwa.edu.au/~pbourke/geometry/polygonise/marchingsource.cpp //
8 // (which is public domain) //
9 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
11 // Marching Cubes Example Program
12 // by Cory Bloyd (corysama@yahoo.com)
14 // A simple, portable and complete implementation of the Marching Cubes
15 // and Marching Tetrahedrons algorithms in a single source file.
16 // There are many ways that this code could be made faster, but the
17 // intent is for the code to be easy to understand.
19 // For a description of the algorithm go to
20 // http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/pbourke/modelling/polygonise/
22 // This code is public domain.
24 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
26 public class MarchingCubes {
28 private static class GLvector {
32 public String toString() {
33 return "("+fX+","+fY+","+fZ+")";
37 /** march iterates over the entire dataset, calling vMarchCube on each cube */
38 public static void march(SampledField sampledField, double targetValue, int iDataSetSize, double fStepSize, Mesh mesh) {
40 int initialTriangles = mesh.numTriangles();
41 for(iX = 0; iX < iDataSetSize; iX++) {
42 System.out.print("\r");
43 for(int i=0; i<78; i++) System.out.print(' ');
44 System.out.print("\r");
45 System.out.print(Math.ceil((iX/((double)iDataSetSize))*100) + "% marched, " +
46 (mesh.numTriangles()-initialTriangles) + " triangles");
47 for(iY = 0; iY < iDataSetSize; iY++)
48 for(iZ = 0; iZ < iDataSetSize; iZ++)
49 march(sampledField, mesh, targetValue, iX*fStepSize, iY*fStepSize, iZ*fStepSize, fStepSize);
51 System.out.print("\r");
52 for(int i=0; i<78; i++) System.out.print(' ');
53 System.out.print("\r");
54 System.out.println("done marching.");
57 /** performs the Marching Cubes algorithm on a single cube */
58 static void march(SampledField sampledField, Mesh mesh, double targetValue, double fX, double fY, double fZ, double fScale) {
59 int iCorner, iVertex, iVertexTest, iEdge, iTriangle, iFlagIndex, iEdgeFlags;
62 double afCubeValue[] = new double[8];
63 GLvector asEdgeVertex[] = new GLvector[12];
64 GLvector asEdgeNorm[] = new GLvector[12];
66 for(int i=0; i<asEdgeVertex.length; i++) asEdgeVertex[i] = new GLvector();
67 for(int i=0; i<asEdgeNorm.length; i++) asEdgeNorm[i] = new GLvector();
69 // Make a local copy of the values at the cube's corners
70 for(iVertex = 0; iVertex < 8; iVertex++)
71 afCubeValue[iVertex] = sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX + a2fVertexOffset[iVertex][0]*fScale,
72 fY + a2fVertexOffset[iVertex][1]*fScale,
73 fZ + a2fVertexOffset[iVertex][2]*fScale));
75 // Find which vertices are inside of the surface and which are outside
77 for(iVertexTest = 0; iVertexTest < 8; iVertexTest++) {
78 if (afCubeValue[iVertexTest] <= targetValue) {
79 iFlagIndex |= 1<<iVertexTest;
83 // Find which edges are intersected by the surface
84 iEdgeFlags = aiCubeEdgeFlags[iFlagIndex];
86 // If the cube is entirely inside or outside of the surface, then there will be no intersections
87 if (iEdgeFlags == 0) return;
89 // Find the point of intersection of the surface with each edge
90 // Then find the normal to the surface at those points
91 for(iEdge = 0; iEdge < 12; iEdge++) {
92 // If there is an intersection on this edge
93 if ((iEdgeFlags & (1<<iEdge))==0) continue;
94 fOffset = fGetOffset(afCubeValue[ a2iEdgeConnection[iEdge][0] ],
95 afCubeValue[ a2iEdgeConnection[iEdge][1] ], targetValue);
97 asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fX = fX + (a2fVertexOffset[ a2iEdgeConnection[iEdge][0] ][0] + fOffset * a2fEdgeDirection[iEdge][0]) * fScale;
98 asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fY = fY + (a2fVertexOffset[ a2iEdgeConnection[iEdge][0] ][1] + fOffset * a2fEdgeDirection[iEdge][1]) * fScale;
99 asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fZ = fZ + (a2fVertexOffset[ a2iEdgeConnection[iEdge][0] ][2] + fOffset * a2fEdgeDirection[iEdge][2]) * fScale;
101 vGetNormal(sampledField, asEdgeNorm[iEdge], asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fX, asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fY, asEdgeVertex[iEdge].fZ);
104 // Draw the triangles that were found. There can be up to five per cube
105 for(iTriangle = 0; iTriangle < 5; iTriangle++) {
106 if(a2iTriangleConnectionTable[iFlagIndex][3*iTriangle] < 0)
109 Point[] points = new Point[3];
110 Vec norm = new Vec(0,0,0);
111 for(iCorner = 0; iCorner < 3; iCorner++) {
112 iVertex = a2iTriangleConnectionTable[iFlagIndex][3*iTriangle+iCorner];
113 points[iCorner] = new Point(asEdgeVertex[iVertex].fX, asEdgeVertex[iVertex].fY, asEdgeVertex[iVertex].fZ);
116 norm = norm.plus(new Vec(asEdgeNorm[iVertex].fX, asEdgeNorm[iVertex].fY, asEdgeNorm[iVertex].fZ));
118 if (points[0].equals(points[1])) continue;
119 if (points[0].equals(points[2])) continue;
120 if (points[1].equals(points[2])) continue;
121 mesh.newT(points[0], points[1], points[2], norm.norm(), 1);
126 * vGetNormal() finds the gradient of the scalar field at a point
127 * This gradient can be used as a very accurate vertx normal for
128 * lighting calculations
130 static void vGetNormal(SampledField sampledField, GLvector rfNormal, double fX, double fY, double fZ) {
132 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX-0.01, fY, fZ)) -
133 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX+0.01, fY, fZ));
135 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX, fY-0.01, fZ)) -
136 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX, fY+0.01, fZ));
138 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX, fY, fZ-0.01)) -
139 sampledField.getSample(new Point(fX, fY, fZ+0.01));
140 vNormalizeVector(rfNormal, rfNormal);
143 static void vNormalizeVector(GLvector rfVectorResult, GLvector rfVectorSource) {
147 fOldLength = Math.sqrt( (rfVectorSource.fX * rfVectorSource.fX) +
148 (rfVectorSource.fY * rfVectorSource.fY) +
149 (rfVectorSource.fZ * rfVectorSource.fZ) );
151 if(fOldLength == 0.0) {
152 rfVectorResult.fX = rfVectorSource.fX;
153 rfVectorResult.fY = rfVectorSource.fY;
154 rfVectorResult.fZ = rfVectorSource.fZ;
156 fScale = 1.0/fOldLength;
157 rfVectorResult.fX = rfVectorSource.fX*fScale;
158 rfVectorResult.fY = rfVectorSource.fY*fScale;
159 rfVectorResult.fZ = rfVectorSource.fZ*fScale;
163 // fGetOffset finds the approximate point of intersection of the surface
164 // between two points with the values fValue1 and fValue2
165 static double fGetOffset(double fValue1, double fValue2, double fValueDesired) {
166 double fDelta = fValue2 - fValue1;
167 if(fDelta == 0.0) return 0.5;
168 return (fValueDesired - fValue1)/fDelta;
171 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
172 // Tables //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
174 // These tables are used so that everything can be done in little
175 // loops that you can look at all at once rather than in pages and
176 // pages of unrolled code.
178 // a2fVertexOffset lists the positions, relative to vertex0, of
179 // each of the 8 vertices of a cube
180 static final double a2fVertexOffset[][] = {
181 {0.0, 0.0, 0.0},{1.0, 0.0, 0.0},{1.0, 1.0, 0.0},{0.0, 1.0, 0.0},
182 {0.0, 0.0, 1.0},{1.0, 0.0, 1.0},{1.0, 1.0, 1.0},{0.0, 1.0, 1.0}
185 //a2iEdgeConnection lists the index of the endpoint vertices for each of the 12 edges of the cube
186 static final int a2iEdgeConnection[][] = {
187 {0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {3,0},
188 {4,5}, {5,6}, {6,7}, {7,4},
189 {0,4}, {1,5}, {2,6}, {3,7}
192 //a2fEdgeDirection lists the direction vector (vertex1-vertex0) for each edge in the cube
193 static final double a2fEdgeDirection[][] = {
194 {1.0, 0.0, 0.0},{0.0, 1.0, 0.0},{-1.0, 0.0, 0.0},{0.0, -1.0, 0.0},
195 {1.0, 0.0, 0.0},{0.0, 1.0, 0.0},{-1.0, 0.0, 0.0},{0.0, -1.0, 0.0},
196 {0.0, 0.0, 1.0},{0.0, 0.0, 1.0},{ 0.0, 0.0, 1.0},{0.0, 0.0, 1.0}
199 // a2iTetrahedronEdgeConnection lists the index of the endpoint
200 // vertices for each of the 6 edges of the tetrahedron
201 static final int a2iTetrahedronEdgeConnection[][] = {
202 {0,1}, {1,2}, {2,0}, {0,3}, {1,3}, {2,3}
205 // a2iTetrahedronEdgeConnection lists the index of verticies from a cube
206 // that made up each of the six tetrahedrons within the cube
207 static final int a2iTetrahedronsInACube[][] = {
217 // For any edge, if one vertex is inside of the surface and the
218 // other is outside of the surface then the edge intersects the
219 // surface For each of the 4 vertices of the tetrahedron can be
220 // two possible states : either inside or outside of the surface
221 // For any tetrahedron the are 2^4=16 possible sets of vertex
222 // states This table lists the edges intersected by the surface
223 // for all 16 possible vertex states There are 6 edges. For each
224 // entry in the table, if edge #n is intersected, then bit #n is
227 static int aiTetrahedronEdgeFlags[] = {
228 0x00, 0x0d, 0x13, 0x1e, 0x26, 0x2b, 0x35, 0x38,
229 0x38, 0x35, 0x2b, 0x26, 0x1e, 0x13, 0x0d, 0x00,
233 // For each of the possible vertex states listed in
234 // aiTetrahedronEdgeFlags there is a specific triangulation of the
235 // edge intersection points. a2iTetrahedronTriangles lists all of
236 // them in the form of 0-2 edge triples with the list terminated
237 // by the invalid value -1.
239 // I generated this table by hand
241 static int a2iTetrahedronTriangles[][] = {
242 {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
243 { 0, 3, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
244 { 0, 1, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
245 { 1, 4, 2, 2, 4, 3, -1},
247 { 1, 2, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
248 { 0, 3, 5, 0, 5, 1, -1},
249 { 0, 2, 5, 0, 5, 4, -1},
250 { 5, 4, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
252 { 3, 4, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
253 { 4, 5, 0, 5, 2, 0, -1},
254 { 1, 5, 0, 5, 3, 0, -1},
255 { 5, 2, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
257 { 3, 4, 2, 2, 4, 1, -1},
258 { 4, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
259 { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
260 {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
263 // For any edge, if one vertex is inside of the surface and the
264 // other is outside of the surface then the edge intersects the
265 // surface For each of the 8 vertices of the cube can be two
266 // possible states : either inside or outside of the surface For
267 // any cube the are 2^8=256 possible sets of vertex states This
268 // table lists the edges intersected by the surface for all 256
269 // possible vertex states There are 12 edges. For each entry in
270 // the table, if edge #n is intersected, then bit #n is set to 1
272 static final int aiCubeEdgeFlags[] = {
273 0x000, 0x109, 0x203, 0x30a, 0x406, 0x50f, 0x605, 0x70c,
274 0x80c, 0x905, 0xa0f, 0xb06, 0xc0a, 0xd03, 0xe09, 0xf00,
275 0x190, 0x099, 0x393, 0x29a, 0x596, 0x49f, 0x795, 0x69c,
276 0x99c, 0x895, 0xb9f, 0xa96, 0xd9a, 0xc93, 0xf99, 0xe90,
277 0x230, 0x339, 0x033, 0x13a, 0x636, 0x73f, 0x435, 0x53c,
278 0xa3c, 0xb35, 0x83f, 0x936, 0xe3a, 0xf33, 0xc39, 0xd30,
279 0x3a0, 0x2a9, 0x1a3, 0x0aa, 0x7a6, 0x6af, 0x5a5, 0x4ac,
280 0xbac, 0xaa5, 0x9af, 0x8a6, 0xfaa, 0xea3, 0xda9, 0xca0,
281 0x460, 0x569, 0x663, 0x76a, 0x066, 0x16f, 0x265, 0x36c,
282 0xc6c, 0xd65, 0xe6f, 0xf66, 0x86a, 0x963, 0xa69, 0xb60,
283 0x5f0, 0x4f9, 0x7f3, 0x6fa, 0x1f6, 0x0ff, 0x3f5, 0x2fc,
284 0xdfc, 0xcf5, 0xfff, 0xef6, 0x9fa, 0x8f3, 0xbf9, 0xaf0,
285 0x650, 0x759, 0x453, 0x55a, 0x256, 0x35f, 0x055, 0x15c,
286 0xe5c, 0xf55, 0xc5f, 0xd56, 0xa5a, 0xb53, 0x859, 0x950,
287 0x7c0, 0x6c9, 0x5c3, 0x4ca, 0x3c6, 0x2cf, 0x1c5, 0x0cc,
288 0xfcc, 0xec5, 0xdcf, 0xcc6, 0xbca, 0xac3, 0x9c9, 0x8c0,
289 0x8c0, 0x9c9, 0xac3, 0xbca, 0xcc6, 0xdcf, 0xec5, 0xfcc,
290 0x0cc, 0x1c5, 0x2cf, 0x3c6, 0x4ca, 0x5c3, 0x6c9, 0x7c0,
291 0x950, 0x859, 0xb53, 0xa5a, 0xd56, 0xc5f, 0xf55, 0xe5c,
292 0x15c, 0x055, 0x35f, 0x256, 0x55a, 0x453, 0x759, 0x650,
293 0xaf0, 0xbf9, 0x8f3, 0x9fa, 0xef6, 0xfff, 0xcf5, 0xdfc,
294 0x2fc, 0x3f5, 0x0ff, 0x1f6, 0x6fa, 0x7f3, 0x4f9, 0x5f0,
295 0xb60, 0xa69, 0x963, 0x86a, 0xf66, 0xe6f, 0xd65, 0xc6c,
296 0x36c, 0x265, 0x16f, 0x066, 0x76a, 0x663, 0x569, 0x460,
297 0xca0, 0xda9, 0xea3, 0xfaa, 0x8a6, 0x9af, 0xaa5, 0xbac,
298 0x4ac, 0x5a5, 0x6af, 0x7a6, 0x0aa, 0x1a3, 0x2a9, 0x3a0,
299 0xd30, 0xc39, 0xf33, 0xe3a, 0x936, 0x83f, 0xb35, 0xa3c,
300 0x53c, 0x435, 0x73f, 0x636, 0x13a, 0x033, 0x339, 0x230,
301 0xe90, 0xf99, 0xc93, 0xd9a, 0xa96, 0xb9f, 0x895, 0x99c,
302 0x69c, 0x795, 0x49f, 0x596, 0x29a, 0x393, 0x099, 0x190,
303 0xf00, 0xe09, 0xd03, 0xc0a, 0xb06, 0xa0f, 0x905, 0x80c,
304 0x70c, 0x605, 0x50f, 0x406, 0x30a, 0x203, 0x109, 0x000
307 // For each of the possible vertex states listed in
308 // aiCubeEdgeFlags there is a specific triangulation of the edge
309 // intersection points. a2iTriangleConnectionTable lists all of
310 // them in the form of 0-5 edge triples with the list terminated
311 // by the invalid value -1. For example:
312 // a2iTriangleConnectionTable[3] list the 2 triangles formed when
313 // corner[0] and corner[1] are inside of the surface, but the
314 // rest of the cube is not.
316 // I found this table in an example program someone wrote long
317 // ago. It was probably generated by hand
319 static final int a2iTriangleConnectionTable[][] = {
320 {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
321 {0, 8, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
322 {0, 1, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
323 {1, 8, 3, 9, 8, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
324 {1, 2, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
325 {0, 8, 3, 1, 2, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
326 {9, 2, 10, 0, 2, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
327 {2, 8, 3, 2, 10, 8, 10, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
328 {3, 11, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
329 {0, 11, 2, 8, 11, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
330 {1, 9, 0, 2, 3, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
331 {1, 11, 2, 1, 9, 11, 9, 8, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
332 {3, 10, 1, 11, 10, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
333 {0, 10, 1, 0, 8, 10, 8, 11, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
334 {3, 9, 0, 3, 11, 9, 11, 10, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
335 {9, 8, 10, 10, 8, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
336 {4, 7, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
337 {4, 3, 0, 7, 3, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
338 {0, 1, 9, 8, 4, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
339 {4, 1, 9, 4, 7, 1, 7, 3, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
340 {1, 2, 10, 8, 4, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
341 {3, 4, 7, 3, 0, 4, 1, 2, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
342 {9, 2, 10, 9, 0, 2, 8, 4, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
343 {2, 10, 9, 2, 9, 7, 2, 7, 3, 7, 9, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
344 {8, 4, 7, 3, 11, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
345 {11, 4, 7, 11, 2, 4, 2, 0, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
346 {9, 0, 1, 8, 4, 7, 2, 3, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
347 {4, 7, 11, 9, 4, 11, 9, 11, 2, 9, 2, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
348 {3, 10, 1, 3, 11, 10, 7, 8, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
349 {1, 11, 10, 1, 4, 11, 1, 0, 4, 7, 11, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
350 {4, 7, 8, 9, 0, 11, 9, 11, 10, 11, 0, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
351 {4, 7, 11, 4, 11, 9, 9, 11, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
352 {9, 5, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
353 {9, 5, 4, 0, 8, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
354 {0, 5, 4, 1, 5, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
355 {8, 5, 4, 8, 3, 5, 3, 1, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
356 {1, 2, 10, 9, 5, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
357 {3, 0, 8, 1, 2, 10, 4, 9, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
358 {5, 2, 10, 5, 4, 2, 4, 0, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
359 {2, 10, 5, 3, 2, 5, 3, 5, 4, 3, 4, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
360 {9, 5, 4, 2, 3, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
361 {0, 11, 2, 0, 8, 11, 4, 9, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
362 {0, 5, 4, 0, 1, 5, 2, 3, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
363 {2, 1, 5, 2, 5, 8, 2, 8, 11, 4, 8, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
364 {10, 3, 11, 10, 1, 3, 9, 5, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
365 {4, 9, 5, 0, 8, 1, 8, 10, 1, 8, 11, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1},
366 {5, 4, 0, 5, 0, 11, 5, 11, 10, 11, 0, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
367 {5, 4, 8, 5, 8, 10, 10, 8, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
368 {9, 7, 8, 5, 7, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
369 {9, 3, 0, 9, 5, 3, 5, 7, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
370 {0, 7, 8, 0, 1, 7, 1, 5, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
371 {1, 5, 3, 3, 5, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
372 {9, 7, 8, 9, 5, 7, 10, 1, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
373 {10, 1, 2, 9, 5, 0, 5, 3, 0, 5, 7, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
374 {8, 0, 2, 8, 2, 5, 8, 5, 7, 10, 5, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
375 {2, 10, 5, 2, 5, 3, 3, 5, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
376 {7, 9, 5, 7, 8, 9, 3, 11, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
377 {9, 5, 7, 9, 7, 2, 9, 2, 0, 2, 7, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
378 {2, 3, 11, 0, 1, 8, 1, 7, 8, 1, 5, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
379 {11, 2, 1, 11, 1, 7, 7, 1, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
380 {9, 5, 8, 8, 5, 7, 10, 1, 3, 10, 3, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
381 {5, 7, 0, 5, 0, 9, 7, 11, 0, 1, 0, 10, 11, 10, 0, -1},
382 {11, 10, 0, 11, 0, 3, 10, 5, 0, 8, 0, 7, 5, 7, 0, -1},
383 {11, 10, 5, 7, 11, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
384 {10, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
385 {0, 8, 3, 5, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
386 {9, 0, 1, 5, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
387 {1, 8, 3, 1, 9, 8, 5, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
388 {1, 6, 5, 2, 6, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
389 {1, 6, 5, 1, 2, 6, 3, 0, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
390 {9, 6, 5, 9, 0, 6, 0, 2, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
391 {5, 9, 8, 5, 8, 2, 5, 2, 6, 3, 2, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
392 {2, 3, 11, 10, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
393 {11, 0, 8, 11, 2, 0, 10, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
394 {0, 1, 9, 2, 3, 11, 5, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
395 {5, 10, 6, 1, 9, 2, 9, 11, 2, 9, 8, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
396 {6, 3, 11, 6, 5, 3, 5, 1, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
397 {0, 8, 11, 0, 11, 5, 0, 5, 1, 5, 11, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
398 {3, 11, 6, 0, 3, 6, 0, 6, 5, 0, 5, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1},
399 {6, 5, 9, 6, 9, 11, 11, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
400 {5, 10, 6, 4, 7, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
401 {4, 3, 0, 4, 7, 3, 6, 5, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
402 {1, 9, 0, 5, 10, 6, 8, 4, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
403 {10, 6, 5, 1, 9, 7, 1, 7, 3, 7, 9, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
404 {6, 1, 2, 6, 5, 1, 4, 7, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
405 {1, 2, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 0, 4, 3, 4, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
406 {8, 4, 7, 9, 0, 5, 0, 6, 5, 0, 2, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
407 {7, 3, 9, 7, 9, 4, 3, 2, 9, 5, 9, 6, 2, 6, 9, -1},
408 {3, 11, 2, 7, 8, 4, 10, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
409 {5, 10, 6, 4, 7, 2, 4, 2, 0, 2, 7, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
410 {0, 1, 9, 4, 7, 8, 2, 3, 11, 5, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
411 {9, 2, 1, 9, 11, 2, 9, 4, 11, 7, 11, 4, 5, 10, 6, -1},
412 {8, 4, 7, 3, 11, 5, 3, 5, 1, 5, 11, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
413 {5, 1, 11, 5, 11, 6, 1, 0, 11, 7, 11, 4, 0, 4, 11, -1},
414 {0, 5, 9, 0, 6, 5, 0, 3, 6, 11, 6, 3, 8, 4, 7, -1},
415 {6, 5, 9, 6, 9, 11, 4, 7, 9, 7, 11, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1},
416 {10, 4, 9, 6, 4, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
417 {4, 10, 6, 4, 9, 10, 0, 8, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
418 {10, 0, 1, 10, 6, 0, 6, 4, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
419 {8, 3, 1, 8, 1, 6, 8, 6, 4, 6, 1, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1},
420 {1, 4, 9, 1, 2, 4, 2, 6, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
421 {3, 0, 8, 1, 2, 9, 2, 4, 9, 2, 6, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
422 {0, 2, 4, 4, 2, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
423 {8, 3, 2, 8, 2, 4, 4, 2, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
424 {10, 4, 9, 10, 6, 4, 11, 2, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
425 {0, 8, 2, 2, 8, 11, 4, 9, 10, 4, 10, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
426 {3, 11, 2, 0, 1, 6, 0, 6, 4, 6, 1, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1},
427 {6, 4, 1, 6, 1, 10, 4, 8, 1, 2, 1, 11, 8, 11, 1, -1},
428 {9, 6, 4, 9, 3, 6, 9, 1, 3, 11, 6, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
429 {8, 11, 1, 8, 1, 0, 11, 6, 1, 9, 1, 4, 6, 4, 1, -1},
430 {3, 11, 6, 3, 6, 0, 0, 6, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
431 {6, 4, 8, 11, 6, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
432 {7, 10, 6, 7, 8, 10, 8, 9, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
433 {0, 7, 3, 0, 10, 7, 0, 9, 10, 6, 7, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1},
434 {10, 6, 7, 1, 10, 7, 1, 7, 8, 1, 8, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
435 {10, 6, 7, 10, 7, 1, 1, 7, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
436 {1, 2, 6, 1, 6, 8, 1, 8, 9, 8, 6, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
437 {2, 6, 9, 2, 9, 1, 6, 7, 9, 0, 9, 3, 7, 3, 9, -1},
438 {7, 8, 0, 7, 0, 6, 6, 0, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
439 {7, 3, 2, 6, 7, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
440 {2, 3, 11, 10, 6, 8, 10, 8, 9, 8, 6, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
441 {2, 0, 7, 2, 7, 11, 0, 9, 7, 6, 7, 10, 9, 10, 7, -1},
442 {1, 8, 0, 1, 7, 8, 1, 10, 7, 6, 7, 10, 2, 3, 11, -1},
443 {11, 2, 1, 11, 1, 7, 10, 6, 1, 6, 7, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
444 {8, 9, 6, 8, 6, 7, 9, 1, 6, 11, 6, 3, 1, 3, 6, -1},
445 {0, 9, 1, 11, 6, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
446 {7, 8, 0, 7, 0, 6, 3, 11, 0, 11, 6, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
447 {7, 11, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
448 {7, 6, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
449 {3, 0, 8, 11, 7, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
450 {0, 1, 9, 11, 7, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
451 {8, 1, 9, 8, 3, 1, 11, 7, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
452 {10, 1, 2, 6, 11, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
453 {1, 2, 10, 3, 0, 8, 6, 11, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
454 {2, 9, 0, 2, 10, 9, 6, 11, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
455 {6, 11, 7, 2, 10, 3, 10, 8, 3, 10, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
456 {7, 2, 3, 6, 2, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
457 {7, 0, 8, 7, 6, 0, 6, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
458 {2, 7, 6, 2, 3, 7, 0, 1, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
459 {1, 6, 2, 1, 8, 6, 1, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
460 {10, 7, 6, 10, 1, 7, 1, 3, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
461 {10, 7, 6, 1, 7, 10, 1, 8, 7, 1, 0, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
462 {0, 3, 7, 0, 7, 10, 0, 10, 9, 6, 10, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
463 {7, 6, 10, 7, 10, 8, 8, 10, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
464 {6, 8, 4, 11, 8, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
465 {3, 6, 11, 3, 0, 6, 0, 4, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
466 {8, 6, 11, 8, 4, 6, 9, 0, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
467 {9, 4, 6, 9, 6, 3, 9, 3, 1, 11, 3, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
468 {6, 8, 4, 6, 11, 8, 2, 10, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
469 {1, 2, 10, 3, 0, 11, 0, 6, 11, 0, 4, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
470 {4, 11, 8, 4, 6, 11, 0, 2, 9, 2, 10, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1},
471 {10, 9, 3, 10, 3, 2, 9, 4, 3, 11, 3, 6, 4, 6, 3, -1},
472 {8, 2, 3, 8, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
473 {0, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
474 {1, 9, 0, 2, 3, 4, 2, 4, 6, 4, 3, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
475 {1, 9, 4, 1, 4, 2, 2, 4, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
476 {8, 1, 3, 8, 6, 1, 8, 4, 6, 6, 10, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
477 {10, 1, 0, 10, 0, 6, 6, 0, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
478 {4, 6, 3, 4, 3, 8, 6, 10, 3, 0, 3, 9, 10, 9, 3, -1},
479 {10, 9, 4, 6, 10, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
480 {4, 9, 5, 7, 6, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
481 {0, 8, 3, 4, 9, 5, 11, 7, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
482 {5, 0, 1, 5, 4, 0, 7, 6, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
483 {11, 7, 6, 8, 3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 3, 1, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
484 {9, 5, 4, 10, 1, 2, 7, 6, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
485 {6, 11, 7, 1, 2, 10, 0, 8, 3, 4, 9, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
486 {7, 6, 11, 5, 4, 10, 4, 2, 10, 4, 0, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
487 {3, 4, 8, 3, 5, 4, 3, 2, 5, 10, 5, 2, 11, 7, 6, -1},
488 {7, 2, 3, 7, 6, 2, 5, 4, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
489 {9, 5, 4, 0, 8, 6, 0, 6, 2, 6, 8, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
490 {3, 6, 2, 3, 7, 6, 1, 5, 0, 5, 4, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
491 {6, 2, 8, 6, 8, 7, 2, 1, 8, 4, 8, 5, 1, 5, 8, -1},
492 {9, 5, 4, 10, 1, 6, 1, 7, 6, 1, 3, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
493 {1, 6, 10, 1, 7, 6, 1, 0, 7, 8, 7, 0, 9, 5, 4, -1},
494 {4, 0, 10, 4, 10, 5, 0, 3, 10, 6, 10, 7, 3, 7, 10, -1},
495 {7, 6, 10, 7, 10, 8, 5, 4, 10, 4, 8, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1},
496 {6, 9, 5, 6, 11, 9, 11, 8, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
497 {3, 6, 11, 0, 6, 3, 0, 5, 6, 0, 9, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
498 {0, 11, 8, 0, 5, 11, 0, 1, 5, 5, 6, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
499 {6, 11, 3, 6, 3, 5, 5, 3, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
500 {1, 2, 10, 9, 5, 11, 9, 11, 8, 11, 5, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1},
501 {0, 11, 3, 0, 6, 11, 0, 9, 6, 5, 6, 9, 1, 2, 10, -1},
502 {11, 8, 5, 11, 5, 6, 8, 0, 5, 10, 5, 2, 0, 2, 5, -1},
503 {6, 11, 3, 6, 3, 5, 2, 10, 3, 10, 5, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1},
504 {5, 8, 9, 5, 2, 8, 5, 6, 2, 3, 8, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
505 {9, 5, 6, 9, 6, 0, 0, 6, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
506 {1, 5, 8, 1, 8, 0, 5, 6, 8, 3, 8, 2, 6, 2, 8, -1},
507 {1, 5, 6, 2, 1, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
508 {1, 3, 6, 1, 6, 10, 3, 8, 6, 5, 6, 9, 8, 9, 6, -1},
509 {10, 1, 0, 10, 0, 6, 9, 5, 0, 5, 6, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
510 {0, 3, 8, 5, 6, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
511 {10, 5, 6, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
512 {11, 5, 10, 7, 5, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
513 {11, 5, 10, 11, 7, 5, 8, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
514 {5, 11, 7, 5, 10, 11, 1, 9, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
515 {10, 7, 5, 10, 11, 7, 9, 8, 1, 8, 3, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
516 {11, 1, 2, 11, 7, 1, 7, 5, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
517 {0, 8, 3, 1, 2, 7, 1, 7, 5, 7, 2, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
518 {9, 7, 5, 9, 2, 7, 9, 0, 2, 2, 11, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1},
519 {7, 5, 2, 7, 2, 11, 5, 9, 2, 3, 2, 8, 9, 8, 2, -1},
520 {2, 5, 10, 2, 3, 5, 3, 7, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
521 {8, 2, 0, 8, 5, 2, 8, 7, 5, 10, 2, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
522 {9, 0, 1, 5, 10, 3, 5, 3, 7, 3, 10, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
523 {9, 8, 2, 9, 2, 1, 8, 7, 2, 10, 2, 5, 7, 5, 2, -1},
524 {1, 3, 5, 3, 7, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
525 {0, 8, 7, 0, 7, 1, 1, 7, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
526 {9, 0, 3, 9, 3, 5, 5, 3, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
527 {9, 8, 7, 5, 9, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
528 {5, 8, 4, 5, 10, 8, 10, 11, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
529 {5, 0, 4, 5, 11, 0, 5, 10, 11, 11, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1},
530 {0, 1, 9, 8, 4, 10, 8, 10, 11, 10, 4, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
531 {10, 11, 4, 10, 4, 5, 11, 3, 4, 9, 4, 1, 3, 1, 4, -1},
532 {2, 5, 1, 2, 8, 5, 2, 11, 8, 4, 5, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
533 {0, 4, 11, 0, 11, 3, 4, 5, 11, 2, 11, 1, 5, 1, 11, -1},
534 {0, 2, 5, 0, 5, 9, 2, 11, 5, 4, 5, 8, 11, 8, 5, -1},
535 {9, 4, 5, 2, 11, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
536 {2, 5, 10, 3, 5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 8, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
537 {5, 10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 4, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
538 {3, 10, 2, 3, 5, 10, 3, 8, 5, 4, 5, 8, 0, 1, 9, -1},
539 {5, 10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 1, 9, 2, 9, 4, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
540 {8, 4, 5, 8, 5, 3, 3, 5, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
541 {0, 4, 5, 1, 0, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
542 {8, 4, 5, 8, 5, 3, 9, 0, 5, 0, 3, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1},
543 {9, 4, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
544 {4, 11, 7, 4, 9, 11, 9, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
545 {0, 8, 3, 4, 9, 7, 9, 11, 7, 9, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
546 {1, 10, 11, 1, 11, 4, 1, 4, 0, 7, 4, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1},
547 {3, 1, 4, 3, 4, 8, 1, 10, 4, 7, 4, 11, 10, 11, 4, -1},
548 {4, 11, 7, 9, 11, 4, 9, 2, 11, 9, 1, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1},
549 {9, 7, 4, 9, 11, 7, 9, 1, 11, 2, 11, 1, 0, 8, 3, -1},
550 {11, 7, 4, 11, 4, 2, 2, 4, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
551 {11, 7, 4, 11, 4, 2, 8, 3, 4, 3, 2, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1},
552 {2, 9, 10, 2, 7, 9, 2, 3, 7, 7, 4, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1},
553 {9, 10, 7, 9, 7, 4, 10, 2, 7, 8, 7, 0, 2, 0, 7, -1},
554 {3, 7, 10, 3, 10, 2, 7, 4, 10, 1, 10, 0, 4, 0, 10, -1},
555 {1, 10, 2, 8, 7, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
556 {4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 7, 7, 1, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
557 {4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 7, 0, 8, 1, 8, 7, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
558 {4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
559 {4, 8, 7, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
560 {9, 10, 8, 10, 11, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
561 {3, 0, 9, 3, 9, 11, 11, 9, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
562 {0, 1, 10, 0, 10, 8, 8, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
563 {3, 1, 10, 11, 3, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
564 {1, 2, 11, 1, 11, 9, 9, 11, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
565 {3, 0, 9, 3, 9, 11, 1, 2, 9, 2, 11, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1},
566 {0, 2, 11, 8, 0, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
567 {3, 2, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
568 {2, 3, 8, 2, 8, 10, 10, 8, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
569 {9, 10, 2, 0, 9, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
570 {2, 3, 8, 2, 8, 10, 0, 1, 8, 1, 10, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1},
571 {1, 10, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
572 {1, 3, 8, 9, 1, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
573 {0, 9, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
574 {0, 3, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1},
575 {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1}