1 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 * Foreign export adjustor thunks
6 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
8 /* A little bit of background...
10 An adjustor thunk is a dynamically allocated code snippet that allows
11 Haskell closures to be viewed as C function pointers.
13 Stable pointers provide a way for the outside world to get access to,
14 and evaluate, Haskell heap objects, with the RTS providing a small
15 range of ops for doing so. So, assuming we've got a stable pointer in
16 our hand in C, we can jump into the Haskell world and evaluate a callback
17 procedure, say. This works OK in some cases where callbacks are used, but
18 does require the external code to know about stable pointers and how to deal
19 with them. We'd like to hide the Haskell-nature of a callback and have it
20 be invoked just like any other C function pointer.
22 Enter adjustor thunks. An adjustor thunk is a little piece of code
23 that's generated on-the-fly (one per Haskell closure being exported)
24 that, when entered using some 'universal' calling convention (e.g., the
25 C calling convention on platform X), pushes an implicit stable pointer
26 (to the Haskell callback) before calling another (static) C function stub
27 which takes care of entering the Haskell code via its stable pointer.
29 An adjustor thunk is allocated on the C heap, and is called from within
30 Haskell just before handing out the function pointer to the Haskell (IO)
31 action. User code should never have to invoke it explicitly.
33 An adjustor thunk differs from a C function pointer in one respect: when
34 the code is through with it, it has to be freed in order to release Haskell
35 and C resources. Failure to do so result in memory leaks on both the C and
39 #include "PosixSource.h"
41 #include "RtsExternal.h"
49 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(linux_HOST_OS)
53 #ifdef LEADING_UNDERSCORE
54 #define UNDERSCORE "_"
58 #if defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
60 Now here's something obscure for you:
62 When generating an adjustor thunk that uses the C calling
63 convention, we have to make sure that the thunk kicks off
64 the process of jumping into Haskell with a tail jump. Why?
65 Because as a result of jumping in into Haskell we may end
66 up freeing the very adjustor thunk we came from using
67 freeHaskellFunctionPtr(). Hence, we better not return to
68 the adjustor code on our way out, since it could by then
71 The fix is readily at hand, just include the opcodes
72 for the C stack fixup code that we need to perform when
73 returning in some static piece of memory and arrange
74 to return to it before tail jumping from the adjustor thunk.
76 static void GNUC3_ATTRIBUTE(used) obscure_ccall_wrapper(void)
79 ".globl " UNDERSCORE "obscure_ccall_ret_code\n"
80 UNDERSCORE "obscure_ccall_ret_code:\n\t"
85 extern void obscure_ccall_ret_code(void);
89 #if defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
90 static void GNUC3_ATTRIBUTE(used) obscure_ccall_wrapper(void)
93 ".globl " UNDERSCORE "obscure_ccall_ret_code\n"
94 UNDERSCORE "obscure_ccall_ret_code:\n\t"
99 extern void obscure_ccall_ret_code(void);
102 #if defined(alpha_HOST_ARCH)
103 /* To get the definition of PAL_imb: */
104 # if defined(linux_HOST_OS)
105 # include <asm/pal.h>
107 # include <machine/pal.h>
111 #if defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
113 /* Layout of a function descriptor */
114 typedef struct _IA64FunDesc {
120 stgAllocStable(size_t size_in_bytes, StgStablePtr *stable)
123 nat data_size_in_words, total_size_in_words;
125 /* round up to a whole number of words */
126 data_size_in_words = (size_in_bytes + sizeof(W_) + 1) / sizeof(W_);
127 total_size_in_words = sizeofW(StgArrWords) + data_size_in_words;
129 /* allocate and fill it in */
130 arr = (StgArrWords *)allocate(total_size_in_words);
131 SET_ARR_HDR(arr, &stg_ARR_WORDS_info, CCCS, data_size_in_words);
133 /* obtain a stable ptr */
134 *stable = getStablePtr((StgPtr)arr);
136 /* and return a ptr to the goods inside the array */
137 return(&(arr->payload));
141 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(linux_HOST_OS)
142 __asm__("obscure_ccall_ret_code:\n\t"
147 extern void obscure_ccall_ret_code(void);
150 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH)
151 #if !(defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(linux_HOST_OS))
153 /* !!! !!! WARNING: !!! !!!
154 * This structure is accessed from AdjustorAsm.s
155 * Any changes here have to be mirrored in the offsets there.
158 typedef struct AdjustorStub {
159 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
166 #elif defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH) && defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
167 /* powerpc64-darwin: just guessing that it won't use fundescs. */
178 /* fundesc-based ABIs */
187 StgInt negative_framesize;
188 StgInt extrawords_plus_one;
194 #if defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
196 /* !!! !!! WARNING: !!! !!!
197 * This structure is accessed from AdjustorAsm.s
198 * Any changes here have to be mirrored in the offsets there.
201 typedef struct AdjustorStub {
202 unsigned char call[8];
206 StgInt argument_size;
210 #if defined(darwin_HOST_OS) || defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH)
211 static int totalArgumentSize(char *typeString)
216 char t = *typeString++;
220 // on 32-bit platforms, Double and Int64 occupy two words.
223 if(sizeof(void*) == 4)
228 // everything else is one word.
238 createAdjustor(int cconv, StgStablePtr hptr,
241 #if !defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
246 void *adjustor = NULL;
250 case 0: /* _stdcall */
251 #if defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
252 /* Magic constant computed by inspecting the code length of
253 the following assembly language snippet
254 (offset and machine code prefixed):
256 <0>: 58 popl %eax # temp. remove ret addr..
257 <1>: 68 fd fc fe fa pushl 0xfafefcfd # constant is large enough to
258 # hold a StgStablePtr
259 <6>: 50 pushl %eax # put back ret. addr
260 <7>: b8 fa ef ff 00 movl $0x00ffeffa, %eax # load up wptr
261 <c>: ff e0 jmp %eax # and jump to it.
262 # the callee cleans up the stack
264 adjustor = allocateExec(14);
266 unsigned char *const adj_code = (unsigned char *)adjustor;
267 adj_code[0x00] = (unsigned char)0x58; /* popl %eax */
269 adj_code[0x01] = (unsigned char)0x68; /* pushl hptr (which is a dword immediate ) */
270 *((StgStablePtr*)(adj_code + 0x02)) = (StgStablePtr)hptr;
272 adj_code[0x06] = (unsigned char)0x50; /* pushl %eax */
274 adj_code[0x07] = (unsigned char)0xb8; /* movl $wptr, %eax */
275 *((StgFunPtr*)(adj_code + 0x08)) = (StgFunPtr)wptr;
277 adj_code[0x0c] = (unsigned char)0xff; /* jmp %eax */
278 adj_code[0x0d] = (unsigned char)0xe0;
284 #if defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
285 /* Magic constant computed by inspecting the code length of
286 the following assembly language snippet
287 (offset and machine code prefixed):
289 <00>: 68 ef be ad de pushl $0xdeadbeef # constant is large enough to
290 # hold a StgStablePtr
291 <05>: b8 fa ef ff 00 movl $0x00ffeffa, %eax # load up wptr
292 <0a>: 68 ef be ad de pushl $obscure_ccall_ret_code # push the return address
293 <0f>: ff e0 jmp *%eax # jump to wptr
295 The ccall'ing version is a tad different, passing in the return
296 address of the caller to the auto-generated C stub (which enters
297 via the stable pointer.) (The auto-generated C stub is in on this
298 game, don't worry :-)
300 See the comment next to obscure_ccall_ret_code why we need to
301 perform a tail jump instead of a call, followed by some C stack
304 Note: The adjustor makes the assumption that any return value
305 coming back from the C stub is not stored on the stack.
306 That's (thankfully) the case here with the restricted set of
307 return types that we support.
309 adjustor = allocateExec(17);
311 unsigned char *const adj_code = (unsigned char *)adjustor;
313 adj_code[0x00] = (unsigned char)0x68; /* pushl hptr (which is a dword immediate ) */
314 *((StgStablePtr*)(adj_code+0x01)) = (StgStablePtr)hptr;
316 adj_code[0x05] = (unsigned char)0xb8; /* movl $wptr, %eax */
317 *((StgFunPtr*)(adj_code + 0x06)) = (StgFunPtr)wptr;
319 adj_code[0x0a] = (unsigned char)0x68; /* pushl obscure_ccall_ret_code */
320 *((StgFunPtr*)(adj_code + 0x0b)) =
321 (StgFunPtr)obscure_ccall_ret_code;
323 adj_code[0x0f] = (unsigned char)0xff; /* jmp *%eax */
324 adj_code[0x10] = (unsigned char)0xe0;
326 #elif defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
329 What's special about Darwin/Mac OS X on i386?
330 It wants the stack to stay 16-byte aligned.
332 We offload most of the work to AdjustorAsm.S.
334 AdjustorStub *adjustorStub = allocateExec(sizeof(AdjustorStub));
335 adjustor = adjustorStub;
337 extern void adjustorCode(void);
338 int sz = totalArgumentSize(typeString);
340 adjustorStub->call[0] = 0xe8;
341 *(long*)&adjustorStub->call[1] = ((char*)&adjustorCode) - ((char*)adjustorStub + 5);
342 adjustorStub->hptr = hptr;
343 adjustorStub->wptr = wptr;
345 // The adjustor puts the following things on the stack:
347 // 2.) padding and (a copy of) the arguments
348 // 3.) a dummy argument
350 // 5.) return address (for returning to the adjustor)
351 // All these have to add up to a multiple of 16.
353 // first, include everything in frame_size
354 adjustorStub->frame_size = sz * 4 + 16;
356 adjustorStub->frame_size = (adjustorStub->frame_size + 15) & ~15;
357 // only count 2.) and 3.) as part of frame_size
358 adjustorStub->frame_size -= 12;
359 adjustorStub->argument_size = sz;
362 #elif defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
369 %rdi,%rsi,%rdx,%rcx,%r8,%r9 = arg0..arg6
371 if there are <6 integer args, then we can just push the
372 StablePtr into %edi and shuffle the other args up.
374 If there are >=6 integer args, then we have to flush one arg
375 to the stack, and arrange to adjust the stack ptr on return.
376 The stack will be rearranged to this:
381 return address *** <-- dummy arg in stub fn.
383 obscure_ccall_ret_code
385 This unfortunately means that the type of the stub function
386 must have a dummy argument for the original return address
387 pointer inserted just after the 6th integer argument.
389 Code for the simple case:
391 0: 4d 89 c1 mov %r8,%r9
392 3: 49 89 c8 mov %rcx,%r8
393 6: 48 89 d1 mov %rdx,%rcx
394 9: 48 89 f2 mov %rsi,%rdx
395 c: 48 89 fe mov %rdi,%rsi
396 f: 48 8b 3d 0a 00 00 00 mov 10(%rip),%rdi
397 16: ff 25 0c 00 00 00 jmpq *12(%rip)
399 20: .quad 0 # aligned on 8-byte boundary
400 28: .quad 0 # aligned on 8-byte boundary
403 And the version for >=6 integer arguments:
406 2: ff 35 20 00 00 00 pushq 32(%rip) # 28 <ccall_adjustor+0x28>
407 8: 4d 89 c1 mov %r8,%r9
408 b: 49 89 c8 mov %rcx,%r8
409 e: 48 89 d1 mov %rdx,%rcx
410 11: 48 89 f2 mov %rsi,%rdx
411 14: 48 89 fe mov %rdi,%rsi
412 17: 48 8b 3d 12 00 00 00 mov 18(%rip),%rdi # 30 <ccall_adjustor+0x30>
413 1e: ff 25 14 00 00 00 jmpq *20(%rip) # 38 <ccall_adjustor+0x38>
415 28: .quad 0 # aligned on 8-byte boundary
416 30: .quad 0 # aligned on 8-byte boundary
417 38: .quad 0 # aligned on 8-byte boundary
420 /* we assume the small code model (gcc -mcmmodel=small) where
421 * all symbols are <2^32, so hence wptr should fit into 32 bits.
423 ASSERT(((long)wptr >> 32) == 0);
429 // determine whether we have 6 or more integer arguments,
430 // and therefore need to flush one to the stack.
431 for (c = typeString; *c != '\0'; c++) {
432 if (*c == 'i' || *c == 'l') i++;
437 adjustor = allocateExec(0x30);
439 *(StgInt32 *)adjustor = 0x49c1894d;
440 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x4) = 0x8948c889;
441 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x8) = 0xf28948d1;
442 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0xc) = 0x48fe8948;
443 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x10) = 0x000a3d8b;
444 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x14) = 0x25ff0000;
445 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x18) = 0x0000000c;
446 *(StgInt64 *)(adjustor+0x20) = (StgInt64)hptr;
447 *(StgInt64 *)(adjustor+0x28) = (StgInt64)wptr;
451 adjustor = allocateExec(0x40);
453 *(StgInt32 *)adjustor = 0x35ff5141;
454 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x4) = 0x00000020;
455 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x8) = 0x49c1894d;
456 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0xc) = 0x8948c889;
457 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x10) = 0xf28948d1;
458 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x14) = 0x48fe8948;
459 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x18) = 0x00123d8b;
460 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x1c) = 0x25ff0000;
461 *(StgInt32 *)(adjustor+0x20) = 0x00000014;
463 *(StgInt64 *)(adjustor+0x28) = (StgInt64)obscure_ccall_ret_code;
464 *(StgInt64 *)(adjustor+0x30) = (StgInt64)hptr;
465 *(StgInt64 *)(adjustor+0x38) = (StgInt64)wptr;
468 #elif defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH)
469 /* Magic constant computed by inspecting the code length of the following
470 assembly language snippet (offset and machine code prefixed):
472 <00>: 9C23A008 sub %sp, 8, %sp ! make room for %o4/%o5 in caller's frame
473 <04>: DA23A060 st %o5, [%sp + 96] ! shift registers by 2 positions
474 <08>: D823A05C st %o4, [%sp + 92]
475 <0C>: 9A10000B mov %o3, %o5
476 <10>: 9810000A mov %o2, %o4
477 <14>: 96100009 mov %o1, %o3
478 <18>: 94100008 mov %o0, %o2
479 <1C>: 13000000 sethi %hi(wptr), %o1 ! load up wptr (1 of 2)
480 <20>: 11000000 sethi %hi(hptr), %o0 ! load up hptr (1 of 2)
481 <24>: 81C26000 jmp %o1 + %lo(wptr) ! jump to wptr (load 2 of 2)
482 <28>: 90122000 or %o0, %lo(hptr), %o0 ! load up hptr (2 of 2, delay slot)
483 <2C> 00000000 ! place for getting hptr back easily
485 ccall'ing on SPARC is easy, because we are quite lucky to push a
486 multiple of 8 bytes (1 word hptr + 1 word dummy arg) in front of the
487 existing arguments (note that %sp must stay double-word aligned at
488 all times, see ABI spec at http://www.sparc.org/standards/psABI3rd.pdf).
489 To do this, we extend the *caller's* stack frame by 2 words and shift
490 the output registers used for argument passing (%o0 - %o5, we are a *leaf*
491 procedure because of the tail-jump) by 2 positions. This makes room in
492 %o0 and %o1 for the additinal arguments, namely hptr and a dummy (used
493 for destination addr of jump on SPARC, return address on x86, ...). This
494 shouldn't cause any problems for a C-like caller: alloca is implemented
495 similarly, and local variables should be accessed via %fp, not %sp. In a
496 nutshell: This should work! (Famous last words! :-)
498 adjustor = allocateExec(4*(11+1));
500 unsigned long *const adj_code = (unsigned long *)adjustor;
502 adj_code[ 0] = 0x9C23A008UL; /* sub %sp, 8, %sp */
503 adj_code[ 1] = 0xDA23A060UL; /* st %o5, [%sp + 96] */
504 adj_code[ 2] = 0xD823A05CUL; /* st %o4, [%sp + 92] */
505 adj_code[ 3] = 0x9A10000BUL; /* mov %o3, %o5 */
506 adj_code[ 4] = 0x9810000AUL; /* mov %o2, %o4 */
507 adj_code[ 5] = 0x96100009UL; /* mov %o1, %o3 */
508 adj_code[ 6] = 0x94100008UL; /* mov %o0, %o2 */
509 adj_code[ 7] = 0x13000000UL; /* sethi %hi(wptr), %o1 */
510 adj_code[ 7] |= ((unsigned long)wptr) >> 10;
511 adj_code[ 8] = 0x11000000UL; /* sethi %hi(hptr), %o0 */
512 adj_code[ 8] |= ((unsigned long)hptr) >> 10;
513 adj_code[ 9] = 0x81C26000UL; /* jmp %o1 + %lo(wptr) */
514 adj_code[ 9] |= ((unsigned long)wptr) & 0x000003FFUL;
515 adj_code[10] = 0x90122000UL; /* or %o0, %lo(hptr), %o0 */
516 adj_code[10] |= ((unsigned long)hptr) & 0x000003FFUL;
518 adj_code[11] = (unsigned long)hptr;
521 asm("flush %0" : : "r" (adj_code ));
522 asm("flush %0" : : "r" (adj_code + 2));
523 asm("flush %0" : : "r" (adj_code + 4));
524 asm("flush %0" : : "r" (adj_code + 6));
525 asm("flush %0" : : "r" (adj_code + 10));
527 /* max. 5 instructions latency, and we need at >= 1 for returning */
533 #elif defined(alpha_HOST_ARCH)
534 /* Magic constant computed by inspecting the code length of
535 the following assembly language snippet
536 (offset and machine code prefixed; note that the machine code
537 shown is longwords stored in little-endian order):
539 <00>: 46520414 mov a2, a4
540 <04>: 46100412 mov a0, a2
541 <08>: a61b0020 ldq a0, 0x20(pv) # load up hptr
542 <0c>: 46730415 mov a3, a5
543 <10>: a77b0028 ldq pv, 0x28(pv) # load up wptr
544 <14>: 46310413 mov a1, a3
545 <18>: 6bfb---- jmp (pv), <hint> # jump to wptr (with hint)
546 <1c>: 00000000 # padding for alignment
547 <20>: [8 bytes for hptr quadword]
548 <28>: [8 bytes for wptr quadword]
550 The "computed" jump at <08> above is really a jump to a fixed
551 location. Accordingly, we place an always-correct hint in the
552 jump instruction, namely the address offset from <0c> to wptr,
553 divided by 4, taking the lowest 14 bits.
555 We only support passing 4 or fewer argument words, for the same
556 reason described under sparc_HOST_ARCH above by JRS, 21 Aug 01.
557 On the Alpha the first 6 integer arguments are in a0 through a5,
558 and the rest on the stack. Hence we want to shuffle the original
559 caller's arguments by two.
561 On the Alpha the calling convention is so complex and dependent
562 on the callee's signature -- for example, the stack pointer has
563 to be a multiple of 16 -- that it seems impossible to me [ccshan]
564 to handle the general case correctly without changing how the
565 adjustor is called from C. For now, our solution of shuffling
566 registers only and ignoring the stack only works if the original
567 caller passed 4 or fewer argument words.
569 TODO: Depending on how much allocation overhead stgMallocBytes uses for
570 header information (more precisely, if the overhead is no more than
571 4 bytes), we should move the first three instructions above down by
572 4 bytes (getting rid of the nop), hence saving memory. [ccshan]
574 ASSERT(((StgWord64)wptr & 3) == 0);
575 adjustor = allocateExec(48);
577 StgWord64 *const code = (StgWord64 *)adjustor;
579 code[0] = 0x4610041246520414L;
580 code[1] = 0x46730415a61b0020L;
581 code[2] = 0x46310413a77b0028L;
582 code[3] = 0x000000006bfb0000L
583 | (((StgWord32*)(wptr) - (StgWord32*)(code) - 3) & 0x3fff);
585 code[4] = (StgWord64)hptr;
586 code[5] = (StgWord64)wptr;
588 /* Ensure that instruction cache is consistent with our new code */
589 __asm__ volatile("call_pal %0" : : "i" (PAL_imb));
591 #elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(linux_HOST_OS)
593 #define OP_LO(op,lo) ((((unsigned)(op)) << 16) | (((unsigned)(lo)) & 0xFFFF))
594 #define OP_HI(op,hi) ((((unsigned)(op)) << 16) | (((unsigned)(hi)) >> 16))
596 /* The PowerPC Linux (32-bit) calling convention is annoyingly complex.
597 We need to calculate all the details of the stack frame layout,
598 taking into account the types of all the arguments, and then
599 generate code on the fly. */
601 int src_gpr = 3, dst_gpr = 5;
603 int src_offset = 0, dst_offset = 0;
604 int n = strlen(typeString),i;
605 int src_locs[n], dst_locs[n];
610 Calculate where the arguments should go.
611 src_locs[] will contain the locations of the arguments in the
612 original stack frame passed to the adjustor.
613 dst_locs[] will contain the locations of the arguments after the
614 adjustor runs, on entry to the wrapper proc pointed to by wptr.
616 This algorithm is based on the one described on page 3-19 of the
617 System V ABI PowerPC Processor Supplement.
619 for(i=0;typeString[i];i++)
621 char t = typeString[i];
622 if((t == 'f' || t == 'd') && fpr <= 8)
623 src_locs[i] = dst_locs[i] = -32-(fpr++);
626 if(t == 'l' && src_gpr <= 9)
628 if((src_gpr & 1) == 0)
630 src_locs[i] = -src_gpr;
633 else if(t == 'i' && src_gpr <= 10)
635 src_locs[i] = -(src_gpr++);
639 if(t == 'l' || t == 'd')
644 src_locs[i] = src_offset;
645 src_offset += (t == 'l' || t == 'd') ? 8 : 4;
648 if(t == 'l' && dst_gpr <= 9)
650 if((dst_gpr & 1) == 0)
652 dst_locs[i] = -dst_gpr;
655 else if(t == 'i' && dst_gpr <= 10)
657 dst_locs[i] = -(dst_gpr++);
661 if(t == 'l' || t == 'd')
666 dst_locs[i] = dst_offset;
667 dst_offset += (t == 'l' || t == 'd') ? 8 : 4;
672 frameSize = dst_offset + 8;
673 frameSize = (frameSize+15) & ~0xF;
678 // allocate space for at most 4 insns per parameter
679 // plus 14 more instructions.
680 adjustor = allocateExec(4 * (4*n + 14));
681 code = (unsigned*)adjustor;
683 *code++ = 0x48000008; // b *+8
684 // * Put the hptr in a place where freeHaskellFunctionPtr
686 *code++ = (unsigned) hptr;
688 // * save the link register
689 *code++ = 0x7c0802a6; // mflr r0;
690 *code++ = 0x90010004; // stw r0, 4(r1);
691 // * and build a new stack frame
692 *code++ = OP_LO(0x9421, -frameSize); // stwu r1, -frameSize(r1)
694 // * now generate instructions to copy arguments
695 // from the old stack frame into the new stack frame.
698 if(src_locs[i] < -32)
699 ASSERT(dst_locs[i] == src_locs[i]);
700 else if(src_locs[i] < 0)
703 ASSERT(typeString[i] != 'f' && typeString[i] != 'd');
706 ASSERT(dst_locs[i] > -32);
707 // dst is in GPR, too.
709 if(typeString[i] == 'l')
713 | ((-dst_locs[i]+1) << 16)
714 | ((-src_locs[i]+1) << 11)
715 | ((-src_locs[i]+1) << 21);
719 | ((-dst_locs[i]) << 16)
720 | ((-src_locs[i]) << 11)
721 | ((-src_locs[i]) << 21);
725 if(typeString[i] == 'l')
727 // stw src+1, dst_offset+4(r1)
729 | ((-src_locs[i]+1) << 21)
733 // stw src, dst_offset(r1)
735 | ((-src_locs[i]) << 21)
741 ASSERT(dst_locs[i] >= 0);
742 ASSERT(typeString[i] != 'f' && typeString[i] != 'd');
744 if(typeString[i] == 'l')
746 // lwz r0, src_offset(r1)
748 | (src_locs[i] + frameSize + 8 + 4);
749 // stw r0, dst_offset(r1)
751 | (dst_locs[i] + 8 + 4);
753 // lwz r0, src_offset(r1)
755 | (src_locs[i] + frameSize + 8);
756 // stw r0, dst_offset(r1)
762 // * hptr will be the new first argument.
764 *code++ = OP_HI(0x3c60, hptr);
765 // ori r3,r3,lo(hptr)
766 *code++ = OP_LO(0x6063, hptr);
768 // * we need to return to a piece of code
769 // which will tear down the stack frame.
770 // lis r11,hi(obscure_ccall_ret_code)
771 *code++ = OP_HI(0x3d60, obscure_ccall_ret_code);
772 // ori r11,r11,lo(obscure_ccall_ret_code)
773 *code++ = OP_LO(0x616b, obscure_ccall_ret_code);
775 *code++ = 0x7d6803a6;
779 *code++ = OP_HI(0x3d60, wptr);
780 // ori r11,r11,lo(wptr)
781 *code++ = OP_LO(0x616b, wptr);
783 *code++ = 0x7d6903a6;
785 *code++ = 0x4e800420;
787 // Flush the Instruction cache:
789 unsigned *p = adjustor;
792 __asm__ volatile ("dcbf 0,%0\n\tsync\n\ticbi 0,%0"
796 __asm__ volatile ("sync\n\tisync");
800 #elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH)
802 #define OP_LO(op,lo) ((((unsigned)(op)) << 16) | (((unsigned)(lo)) & 0xFFFF))
803 #define OP_HI(op,hi) ((((unsigned)(op)) << 16) | (((unsigned)(hi)) >> 16))
805 /* The following code applies to all PowerPC and PowerPC64 platforms
806 whose stack layout is based on the AIX ABI.
808 Besides (obviously) AIX, this includes
809 Mac OS 9 and BeOS/PPC (may they rest in peace),
810 which use the 32-bit AIX ABI
812 which uses the 64-bit AIX ABI
813 and Darwin (Mac OS X),
814 which uses the same stack layout as AIX,
815 but no function descriptors.
817 The actual stack-frame shuffling is implemented out-of-line
818 in the function adjustorCode, in AdjustorAsm.S.
819 Here, we set up an AdjustorStub structure, which
820 is a function descriptor (on platforms that have function
821 descriptors) or a short piece of stub code (on Darwin) to call
822 adjustorCode with a pointer to the AdjustorStub struct loaded
825 One nice thing about this is that there is _no_ code generated at
826 runtime on the platforms that have function descriptors.
828 AdjustorStub *adjustorStub;
829 int sz = 0, extra_sz, total_sz;
831 // from AdjustorAsm.s
832 // not declared as a function so that AIX-style
833 // fundescs can never get in the way.
834 extern void *adjustorCode;
837 adjustorStub = stgMallocBytes(sizeof(AdjustorStub), "createAdjustor");
839 adjustorStub = allocateExec(sizeof(AdjustorStub));
841 adjustor = adjustorStub;
843 adjustorStub->code = (void*) &adjustorCode;
846 // function descriptors are a cool idea.
847 // We don't need to generate any code at runtime.
848 adjustorStub->toc = adjustorStub;
851 // no function descriptors :-(
852 // We need to do things "by hand".
853 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
854 // lis r2, hi(adjustorStub)
855 adjustorStub->lis = OP_HI(0x3c40, adjustorStub);
856 // ori r2, r2, lo(adjustorStub)
857 adjustorStub->ori = OP_LO(0x6042, adjustorStub);
859 adjustorStub->lwz = OP_LO(0x8002, (char*)(&adjustorStub->code)
860 - (char*)adjustorStub);
862 adjustorStub->mtctr = 0x7c0903a6;
864 adjustorStub->bctr = 0x4e800420;
866 barf("adjustor creation not supported on this platform");
869 // Flush the Instruction cache:
871 int n = sizeof(AdjustorStub)/sizeof(unsigned);
872 unsigned *p = (unsigned*)adjustor;
875 __asm__ volatile ("dcbf 0,%0\n\tsync\n\ticbi 0,%0"
879 __asm__ volatile ("sync\n\tisync");
883 // Calculate the size of the stack frame, in words.
884 sz = totalArgumentSize(typeString);
886 // The first eight words of the parameter area
887 // are just "backing store" for the parameters passed in
888 // the GPRs. extra_sz is the number of words beyond those first
894 // Calculate the total size of the stack frame.
895 total_sz = (6 /* linkage area */
896 + 8 /* minimum parameter area */
897 + 2 /* two extra arguments */
898 + extra_sz)*sizeof(StgWord);
900 // align to 16 bytes.
901 // AIX only requires 8 bytes, but who cares?
902 total_sz = (total_sz+15) & ~0xF;
904 // Fill in the information that adjustorCode in AdjustorAsm.S
905 // will use to create a new stack frame with the additional args.
906 adjustorStub->hptr = hptr;
907 adjustorStub->wptr = wptr;
908 adjustorStub->negative_framesize = -total_sz;
909 adjustorStub->extrawords_plus_one = extra_sz + 1;
912 #elif defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
914 Up to 8 inputs are passed in registers. We flush the last two inputs to
915 the stack, initially into the 16-byte scratch region left by the caller.
916 We then shuffle the others along by 4 (taking 2 registers for ourselves
917 to save return address and previous function state - we need to come back
918 here on the way out to restore the stack, so this is a real function
919 rather than just a trampoline).
921 The function descriptor we create contains the gp of the target function
922 so gp is already loaded correctly.
924 [MLX] alloc r16=ar.pfs,10,2,0
926 [MII] st8.spill [r12]=r38,8 // spill in6 (out4)
927 mov r41=r37 // out7 = in5 (out3)
928 mov r40=r36;; // out6 = in4 (out2)
929 [MII] st8.spill [r12]=r39 // spill in7 (out5)
931 mov r38=r34;; // out4 = in2 (out0)
932 [MII] mov r39=r35 // out5 = in3 (out1)
933 mov r37=r33 // out3 = in1 (loc1)
934 mov r36=r32 // out2 = in0 (loc0)
935 [MLX] adds r12=-24,r12 // update sp
936 movl r34=hptr;; // out0 = hptr
937 [MIB] mov r33=r16 // loc1 = ar.pfs
938 mov r32=b0 // loc0 = retaddr
939 br.call.sptk.many b0=b6;;
941 [MII] adds r12=-16,r12
946 br.ret.sptk.many b0;;
949 /* These macros distribute a long constant into the two words of an MLX bundle */
950 #define BITS(val,start,count) (((val) >> (start)) & ((1 << (count))-1))
951 #define MOVL_LOWORD(val) (BITS(val,22,18) << 46)
952 #define MOVL_HIWORD(val) ( (BITS(val,0,7) << 36) \
953 | (BITS(val,7,9) << 50) \
954 | (BITS(val,16,5) << 45) \
955 | (BITS(val,21,1) << 44) \
956 | (BITS(val,40,23)) \
957 | (BITS(val,63,1) << 59))
961 IA64FunDesc *wdesc = (IA64FunDesc *)wptr;
962 StgWord64 wcode = wdesc->ip;
966 /* we allocate on the Haskell heap since malloc'd memory isn't
967 * executable - argh */
968 /* Allocated memory is word-aligned (8 bytes) but functions on ia64
969 * must be aligned to 16 bytes. We allocate an extra 8 bytes of
970 * wiggle room so that we can put the code on a 16 byte boundary. */
971 adjustor = stgAllocStable(sizeof(IA64FunDesc)+18*8+8, &stable);
973 fdesc = (IA64FunDesc *)adjustor;
974 code = (StgWord64 *)(fdesc + 1);
975 /* add 8 bytes to code if needed to align to a 16-byte boundary */
976 if ((StgWord64)code & 15) code++;
977 fdesc->ip = (StgWord64)code;
978 fdesc->gp = wdesc->gp;
980 code[0] = 0x0000058004288004 | MOVL_LOWORD(wcode);
981 code[1] = 0x6000000220000000 | MOVL_HIWORD(wcode);
982 code[2] = 0x029015d818984001;
983 code[3] = 0x8401200500420094;
984 code[4] = 0x886011d8189c0001;
985 code[5] = 0x84011004c00380c0;
986 code[6] = 0x0250210046013800;
987 code[7] = 0x8401000480420084;
988 code[8] = 0x0000233f19a06005 | MOVL_LOWORD((StgWord64)hptr);
989 code[9] = 0x6000000440000000 | MOVL_HIWORD((StgWord64)hptr);
990 code[10] = 0x0200210020010811;
991 code[11] = 0x1080006800006200;
992 code[12] = 0x0000210018406000;
993 code[13] = 0x00aa021000038005;
994 code[14] = 0x000000010000001d;
995 code[15] = 0x0084000880000200;
997 /* save stable pointers in convenient form */
998 code[16] = (StgWord64)hptr;
999 code[17] = (StgWord64)stable;
1002 barf("adjustor creation not supported on this platform");
1017 freeHaskellFunctionPtr(void* ptr)
1019 #if defined(i386_HOST_ARCH) && !defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
1020 if ( *(unsigned char*)ptr != 0x68 &&
1021 *(unsigned char*)ptr != 0x58 ) {
1022 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1026 /* Free the stable pointer first..*/
1027 if (*(unsigned char*)ptr == 0x68) { /* Aha, a ccall adjustor! */
1028 freeStablePtr(*((StgStablePtr*)((unsigned char*)ptr + 0x01)));
1030 freeStablePtr(*((StgStablePtr*)((unsigned char*)ptr + 0x02)));
1032 #elif defined(x86_HOST_ARCH) && defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
1033 if ( *(unsigned char*)ptr != 0xe8 ) {
1034 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1037 freeStablePtr(((AdjustorStub*)ptr)->hptr);
1038 #elif defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
1039 if ( *(StgWord16 *)ptr == 0x894d ) {
1040 freeStablePtr(*(StgStablePtr*)(ptr+0x20));
1041 } else if ( *(StgWord16 *)ptr == 0x5141 ) {
1042 freeStablePtr(*(StgStablePtr*)(ptr+0x30));
1044 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1047 #elif defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH)
1048 if ( *(unsigned long*)ptr != 0x9C23A008UL ) {
1049 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1053 /* Free the stable pointer first..*/
1054 freeStablePtr(*((StgStablePtr*)((unsigned long*)ptr + 11)));
1055 #elif defined(alpha_HOST_ARCH)
1056 if ( *(StgWord64*)ptr != 0xa77b0018a61b0010L ) {
1057 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1061 /* Free the stable pointer first..*/
1062 freeStablePtr(*((StgStablePtr*)((unsigned char*)ptr + 0x10)));
1063 #elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) && defined(linux_HOST_OS)
1064 if ( *(StgWord*)ptr != 0x48000008 ) {
1065 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1068 freeStablePtr(((StgStablePtr*)ptr)[1]);
1069 #elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(powerpc64_HOST_ARCH)
1070 extern void* adjustorCode;
1071 if ( ((AdjustorStub*)ptr)->code != (StgFunPtr) &adjustorCode ) {
1072 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1075 freeStablePtr(((AdjustorStub*)ptr)->hptr);
1076 #elif defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
1077 IA64FunDesc *fdesc = (IA64FunDesc *)ptr;
1078 StgWord64 *code = (StgWord64 *)(fdesc+1);
1080 if (fdesc->ip != (StgWord64)code) {
1081 errorBelch("freeHaskellFunctionPtr: not for me, guv! %p\n", ptr);
1084 freeStablePtr((StgStablePtr)code[16]);
1085 freeStablePtr((StgStablePtr)code[17]);
1090 *((unsigned char*)ptr) = '\0';