1 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 * (c) The GHC Team, 2000-2004
7 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
10 #include "PosixSource.h"
13 /* Linux needs _GNU_SOURCE to get RTLD_DEFAULT from <dlfcn.h> and
14 MREMAP_MAYMOVE from <sys/mman.h>.
25 #include "LinkerInternals.h"
29 #include "RtsTypeable.h"
32 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
33 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
43 #if defined(HAVE_DLFCN_H)
47 #if defined(cygwin32_HOST_OS)
52 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
56 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
57 #include <sys/termios.h>
58 #include <sys/utime.h>
59 #include <sys/utsname.h>
63 #if defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH) || defined(linux_HOST_OS) || defined(freebsd_HOST_OS) || defined(netbsd_HOST_OS) || defined(openbsd_HOST_OS)
68 #if defined(linux_HOST_OS) || defined(freebsd_HOST_OS) || defined(netbsd_HOST_OS) || defined(openbsd_HOST_OS)
76 #if defined(linux_HOST_OS) || defined(solaris2_HOST_OS) || defined(freebsd_HOST_OS) || defined(netbsd_HOST_OS) || defined(openbsd_HOST_OS)
77 # define OBJFORMAT_ELF
78 #elif defined(cygwin32_HOST_OS) || defined (mingw32_HOST_OS)
79 # define OBJFORMAT_PEi386
82 #elif defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
83 # define OBJFORMAT_MACHO
84 # include <mach-o/loader.h>
85 # include <mach-o/nlist.h>
86 # include <mach-o/reloc.h>
87 #if !defined(HAVE_DLFCN_H)
88 # include <mach-o/dyld.h>
90 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
91 # include <mach-o/ppc/reloc.h>
93 #if defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
94 # include <mach-o/x86_64/reloc.h>
98 /* Hash table mapping symbol names to Symbol */
99 static /*Str*/HashTable *symhash;
101 /* Hash table mapping symbol names to StgStablePtr */
102 static /*Str*/HashTable *stablehash;
104 /* List of currently loaded objects */
105 ObjectCode *objects = NULL; /* initially empty */
107 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
108 static int ocVerifyImage_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc );
109 static int ocGetNames_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc );
110 static int ocResolve_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc );
111 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
112 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc );
114 #elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
115 static int ocVerifyImage_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc );
116 static int ocGetNames_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc );
117 static int ocResolve_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc );
118 #elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
119 static int ocVerifyImage_MachO ( ObjectCode* oc );
120 static int ocGetNames_MachO ( ObjectCode* oc );
121 static int ocResolve_MachO ( ObjectCode* oc );
123 static int machoGetMisalignment( FILE * );
124 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
125 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras_MachO ( ObjectCode* oc );
127 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
128 static void machoInitSymbolsWithoutUnderscore( void );
132 /* on x86_64 we have a problem with relocating symbol references in
133 * code that was compiled without -fPIC. By default, the small memory
134 * model is used, which assumes that symbol references can fit in a
135 * 32-bit slot. The system dynamic linker makes this work for
136 * references to shared libraries by either (a) allocating a jump
137 * table slot for code references, or (b) moving the symbol at load
138 * time (and copying its contents, if necessary) for data references.
140 * We unfortunately can't tell whether symbol references are to code
141 * or data. So for now we assume they are code (the vast majority
142 * are), and allocate jump-table slots. Unfortunately this will
143 * SILENTLY generate crashing code for data references. This hack is
144 * enabled by X86_64_ELF_NONPIC_HACK.
146 * One workaround is to use shared Haskell libraries. This is
147 * coming. Another workaround is to keep the static libraries but
148 * compile them with -fPIC, because that will generate PIC references
149 * to data which can be relocated. The PIC code is still too green to
150 * do this systematically, though.
153 * See thread http://www.haskell.org/pipermail/cvs-ghc/2007-September/038458.html
155 #define X86_64_ELF_NONPIC_HACK 1
157 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
158 * Built-in symbols from the RTS
161 typedef struct _RtsSymbolVal {
168 #define Maybe_Stable_Names SymX(mkWeakzh_fast) \
169 SymX(makeStableNamezh_fast) \
170 SymX(finalizzeWeakzh_fast)
172 /* These are not available in GUM!!! -- HWL */
173 #define Maybe_Stable_Names
176 #if !defined (mingw32_HOST_OS)
177 #define RTS_POSIX_ONLY_SYMBOLS \
178 SymX(shutdownHaskellAndSignal) \
181 SymX(signal_handlers) \
182 SymX(stg_sig_install) \
186 #if defined (cygwin32_HOST_OS)
187 #define RTS_MINGW_ONLY_SYMBOLS /**/
188 /* Don't have the ability to read import libs / archives, so
189 * we have to stupidly list a lot of what libcygwin.a
192 #define RTS_CYGWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS \
270 #elif !defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
271 #define RTS_MINGW_ONLY_SYMBOLS /**/
272 #define RTS_CYGWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS /**/
273 #else /* defined(mingw32_HOST_OS) */
274 #define RTS_POSIX_ONLY_SYMBOLS /**/
275 #define RTS_CYGWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS /**/
277 /* Extra syms gen'ed by mingw-2's gcc-3.2: */
279 #define RTS_MINGW_EXTRA_SYMS \
280 Sym(_imp____mb_cur_max) \
283 #define RTS_MINGW_EXTRA_SYMS
286 #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
287 #define RTS_MINGW_GETTIMEOFDAY_SYM Sym(gettimeofday)
289 #define RTS_MINGW_GETTIMEOFDAY_SYM /**/
292 /* These are statically linked from the mingw libraries into the ghc
293 executable, so we have to employ this hack. */
294 #define RTS_MINGW_ONLY_SYMBOLS \
295 SymX(asyncReadzh_fast) \
296 SymX(asyncWritezh_fast) \
297 SymX(asyncDoProczh_fast) \
309 SymX(getservbyname) \
310 SymX(getservbyport) \
311 SymX(getprotobynumber) \
312 SymX(getprotobyname) \
313 SymX(gethostbyname) \
314 SymX(gethostbyaddr) \
361 SymX(rts_InstallConsoleEvent) \
362 SymX(rts_ConsoleHandlerDone) \
364 Sym(_imp___timezone) \
374 RTS_MINGW_EXTRA_SYMS \
375 RTS_MINGW_GETTIMEOFDAY_SYM \
379 #if defined(darwin_TARGET_OS) && HAVE_PRINTF_LDBLSTUB
380 #define RTS_DARWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS \
381 Sym(asprintf$LDBLStub) \
385 Sym(fprintf$LDBLStub) \
386 Sym(fscanf$LDBLStub) \
387 Sym(fwprintf$LDBLStub) \
388 Sym(fwscanf$LDBLStub) \
389 Sym(printf$LDBLStub) \
390 Sym(scanf$LDBLStub) \
391 Sym(snprintf$LDBLStub) \
392 Sym(sprintf$LDBLStub) \
393 Sym(sscanf$LDBLStub) \
394 Sym(strtold$LDBLStub) \
395 Sym(swprintf$LDBLStub) \
396 Sym(swscanf$LDBLStub) \
397 Sym(syslog$LDBLStub) \
398 Sym(vasprintf$LDBLStub) \
400 Sym(verrc$LDBLStub) \
401 Sym(verrx$LDBLStub) \
402 Sym(vfprintf$LDBLStub) \
403 Sym(vfscanf$LDBLStub) \
404 Sym(vfwprintf$LDBLStub) \
405 Sym(vfwscanf$LDBLStub) \
406 Sym(vprintf$LDBLStub) \
407 Sym(vscanf$LDBLStub) \
408 Sym(vsnprintf$LDBLStub) \
409 Sym(vsprintf$LDBLStub) \
410 Sym(vsscanf$LDBLStub) \
411 Sym(vswprintf$LDBLStub) \
412 Sym(vswscanf$LDBLStub) \
413 Sym(vsyslog$LDBLStub) \
414 Sym(vwarn$LDBLStub) \
415 Sym(vwarnc$LDBLStub) \
416 Sym(vwarnx$LDBLStub) \
417 Sym(vwprintf$LDBLStub) \
418 Sym(vwscanf$LDBLStub) \
420 Sym(warnc$LDBLStub) \
421 Sym(warnx$LDBLStub) \
422 Sym(wcstold$LDBLStub) \
423 Sym(wprintf$LDBLStub) \
426 #define RTS_DARWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS
430 # define MAIN_CAP_SYM SymX(MainCapability)
432 # define MAIN_CAP_SYM
435 #if !defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
436 #define RTS_USER_SIGNALS_SYMBOLS \
437 SymX(setIOManagerPipe)
439 #define RTS_USER_SIGNALS_SYMBOLS \
440 SymX(sendIOManagerEvent) \
441 SymX(readIOManagerEvent) \
442 SymX(getIOManagerEvent) \
443 SymX(console_handler)
446 #define RTS_LIBFFI_SYMBOLS \
450 Sym(ffi_type_float) \
451 Sym(ffi_type_double) \
452 Sym(ffi_type_sint64) \
453 Sym(ffi_type_uint64) \
454 Sym(ffi_type_sint32) \
455 Sym(ffi_type_uint32) \
456 Sym(ffi_type_sint16) \
457 Sym(ffi_type_uint16) \
458 Sym(ffi_type_sint8) \
459 Sym(ffi_type_uint8) \
460 Sym(ffi_type_pointer)
462 #ifdef TABLES_NEXT_TO_CODE
463 #define RTS_RET_SYMBOLS /* nothing */
465 #define RTS_RET_SYMBOLS \
466 SymX(stg_enter_ret) \
467 SymX(stg_gc_fun_ret) \
474 SymX(stg_ap_pv_ret) \
475 SymX(stg_ap_pp_ret) \
476 SymX(stg_ap_ppv_ret) \
477 SymX(stg_ap_ppp_ret) \
478 SymX(stg_ap_pppv_ret) \
479 SymX(stg_ap_pppp_ret) \
480 SymX(stg_ap_ppppp_ret) \
481 SymX(stg_ap_pppppp_ret)
484 /* On Windows, we link libgmp.a statically into libHSrts.dll */
485 #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
488 SymX(__gmpz_cmp_si) \
489 SymX(__gmpz_cmp_ui) \
490 SymX(__gmpz_get_si) \
494 SymExtern(__gmpz_cmp) \
495 SymExtern(__gmpz_cmp_si) \
496 SymExtern(__gmpz_cmp_ui) \
497 SymExtern(__gmpz_get_si) \
498 SymExtern(__gmpz_get_ui)
501 #define RTS_SYMBOLS \
504 SymX(stg_enter_info) \
505 SymX(stg_gc_void_info) \
506 SymX(__stg_gc_enter_1) \
507 SymX(stg_gc_noregs) \
508 SymX(stg_gc_unpt_r1_info) \
509 SymX(stg_gc_unpt_r1) \
510 SymX(stg_gc_unbx_r1_info) \
511 SymX(stg_gc_unbx_r1) \
512 SymX(stg_gc_f1_info) \
514 SymX(stg_gc_d1_info) \
516 SymX(stg_gc_l1_info) \
519 SymX(stg_gc_fun_info) \
521 SymX(stg_gc_gen_info) \
522 SymX(stg_gc_gen_hp) \
524 SymX(stg_gen_yield) \
525 SymX(stg_yield_noregs) \
526 SymX(stg_yield_to_interpreter) \
527 SymX(stg_gen_block) \
528 SymX(stg_block_noregs) \
530 SymX(stg_block_takemvar) \
531 SymX(stg_block_putmvar) \
533 SymX(MallocFailHook) \
535 SymX(OutOfHeapHook) \
536 SymX(StackOverflowHook) \
537 SymX(__encodeDouble) \
538 SymX(__encodeFloat) \
541 SymX(__int_encodeDouble) \
542 SymX(__word_encodeDouble) \
543 SymX(__2Int_encodeDouble) \
544 SymX(__int_encodeFloat) \
545 SymX(__word_encodeFloat) \
546 SymX(andIntegerzh_fast) \
547 SymX(atomicallyzh_fast) \
551 SymX(asyncExceptionsBlockedzh_fast) \
552 SymX(blockAsyncExceptionszh_fast) \
554 SymX(catchRetryzh_fast) \
555 SymX(catchSTMzh_fast) \
557 SymX(closure_flags) \
559 SymX(cmpIntegerzh_fast) \
560 SymX(cmpIntegerIntzh_fast) \
561 SymX(complementIntegerzh_fast) \
562 SymX(createAdjustor) \
563 SymX(decodeDoublezh_fast) \
564 SymX(decodeFloatzh_fast) \
565 SymX(decodeDoublezu2Intzh_fast) \
566 SymX(decodeFloatzuIntzh_fast) \
569 SymX(deRefWeakzh_fast) \
570 SymX(deRefStablePtrzh_fast) \
571 SymX(dirty_MUT_VAR) \
572 SymX(divExactIntegerzh_fast) \
573 SymX(divModIntegerzh_fast) \
575 SymX(forkOnzh_fast) \
577 SymX(forkOS_createThread) \
578 SymX(freeHaskellFunctionPtr) \
579 SymX(freeStablePtr) \
580 SymX(getOrSetTypeableStore) \
581 SymX(gcdIntegerzh_fast) \
582 SymX(gcdIntegerIntzh_fast) \
583 SymX(gcdIntzh_fast) \
587 SymX(getFullProgArgv) \
593 SymX(hs_perform_gc) \
594 SymX(hs_free_stable_ptr) \
595 SymX(hs_free_fun_ptr) \
596 SymX(hs_hpc_rootModule) \
598 SymX(unpackClosurezh_fast) \
599 SymX(getApStackValzh_fast) \
600 SymX(int2Integerzh_fast) \
601 SymX(integer2Intzh_fast) \
602 SymX(integer2Wordzh_fast) \
603 SymX(isCurrentThreadBoundzh_fast) \
604 SymX(isDoubleDenormalized) \
605 SymX(isDoubleInfinite) \
607 SymX(isDoubleNegativeZero) \
608 SymX(isEmptyMVarzh_fast) \
609 SymX(isFloatDenormalized) \
610 SymX(isFloatInfinite) \
612 SymX(isFloatNegativeZero) \
613 SymX(killThreadzh_fast) \
615 SymX(insertStableSymbol) \
618 SymX(makeStablePtrzh_fast) \
619 SymX(minusIntegerzh_fast) \
620 SymX(mkApUpd0zh_fast) \
621 SymX(myThreadIdzh_fast) \
622 SymX(labelThreadzh_fast) \
623 SymX(newArrayzh_fast) \
624 SymX(newBCOzh_fast) \
625 SymX(newByteArrayzh_fast) \
626 SymX_redirect(newCAF, newDynCAF) \
627 SymX(newMVarzh_fast) \
628 SymX(newMutVarzh_fast) \
629 SymX(newTVarzh_fast) \
630 SymX(noDuplicatezh_fast) \
631 SymX(atomicModifyMutVarzh_fast) \
632 SymX(newPinnedByteArrayzh_fast) \
634 SymX(orIntegerzh_fast) \
636 SymX(performMajorGC) \
637 SymX(plusIntegerzh_fast) \
640 SymX(putMVarzh_fast) \
641 SymX(quotIntegerzh_fast) \
642 SymX(quotRemIntegerzh_fast) \
644 SymX(raiseIOzh_fast) \
645 SymX(readTVarzh_fast) \
646 SymX(readTVarIOzh_fast) \
647 SymX(remIntegerzh_fast) \
648 SymX(resetNonBlockingFd) \
653 SymX(rts_checkSchedStatus) \
656 SymX(rts_evalLazyIO) \
657 SymX(rts_evalStableIO) \
661 SymX(rts_getDouble) \
669 SymX(rts_getFunPtr) \
670 SymX(rts_getStablePtr) \
671 SymX(rts_getThreadId) \
674 SymX(rts_getWord16) \
675 SymX(rts_getWord32) \
676 SymX(rts_getWord64) \
689 SymX(rts_mkStablePtr) \
697 SymX(rtsSupportsBoundThreads) \
698 SymX(__hscore_get_saved_termios) \
699 SymX(__hscore_set_saved_termios) \
701 SymX(startupHaskell) \
702 SymX(shutdownHaskell) \
703 SymX(shutdownHaskellAndExit) \
704 SymX(stable_ptr_table) \
705 SymX(stackOverflow) \
706 SymX(stg_CAF_BLACKHOLE_info) \
707 SymX(awakenBlockedQueue) \
709 SymX(stg_CHARLIKE_closure) \
710 SymX(stg_MVAR_CLEAN_info) \
711 SymX(stg_MVAR_DIRTY_info) \
712 SymX(stg_IND_STATIC_info) \
713 SymX(stg_INTLIKE_closure) \
714 SymX(stg_MUT_ARR_PTRS_DIRTY_info) \
715 SymX(stg_MUT_ARR_PTRS_FROZEN_info) \
716 SymX(stg_MUT_ARR_PTRS_FROZEN0_info) \
717 SymX(stg_WEAK_info) \
718 SymX(stg_ap_v_info) \
719 SymX(stg_ap_f_info) \
720 SymX(stg_ap_d_info) \
721 SymX(stg_ap_l_info) \
722 SymX(stg_ap_n_info) \
723 SymX(stg_ap_p_info) \
724 SymX(stg_ap_pv_info) \
725 SymX(stg_ap_pp_info) \
726 SymX(stg_ap_ppv_info) \
727 SymX(stg_ap_ppp_info) \
728 SymX(stg_ap_pppv_info) \
729 SymX(stg_ap_pppp_info) \
730 SymX(stg_ap_ppppp_info) \
731 SymX(stg_ap_pppppp_info) \
732 SymX(stg_ap_0_fast) \
733 SymX(stg_ap_v_fast) \
734 SymX(stg_ap_f_fast) \
735 SymX(stg_ap_d_fast) \
736 SymX(stg_ap_l_fast) \
737 SymX(stg_ap_n_fast) \
738 SymX(stg_ap_p_fast) \
739 SymX(stg_ap_pv_fast) \
740 SymX(stg_ap_pp_fast) \
741 SymX(stg_ap_ppv_fast) \
742 SymX(stg_ap_ppp_fast) \
743 SymX(stg_ap_pppv_fast) \
744 SymX(stg_ap_pppp_fast) \
745 SymX(stg_ap_ppppp_fast) \
746 SymX(stg_ap_pppppp_fast) \
747 SymX(stg_ap_1_upd_info) \
748 SymX(stg_ap_2_upd_info) \
749 SymX(stg_ap_3_upd_info) \
750 SymX(stg_ap_4_upd_info) \
751 SymX(stg_ap_5_upd_info) \
752 SymX(stg_ap_6_upd_info) \
753 SymX(stg_ap_7_upd_info) \
755 SymX(stg_sel_0_upd_info) \
756 SymX(stg_sel_10_upd_info) \
757 SymX(stg_sel_11_upd_info) \
758 SymX(stg_sel_12_upd_info) \
759 SymX(stg_sel_13_upd_info) \
760 SymX(stg_sel_14_upd_info) \
761 SymX(stg_sel_15_upd_info) \
762 SymX(stg_sel_1_upd_info) \
763 SymX(stg_sel_2_upd_info) \
764 SymX(stg_sel_3_upd_info) \
765 SymX(stg_sel_4_upd_info) \
766 SymX(stg_sel_5_upd_info) \
767 SymX(stg_sel_6_upd_info) \
768 SymX(stg_sel_7_upd_info) \
769 SymX(stg_sel_8_upd_info) \
770 SymX(stg_sel_9_upd_info) \
771 SymX(stg_upd_frame_info) \
772 SymX(suspendThread) \
773 SymX(takeMVarzh_fast) \
774 SymX(threadStatuszh_fast) \
775 SymX(timesIntegerzh_fast) \
776 SymX(tryPutMVarzh_fast) \
777 SymX(tryTakeMVarzh_fast) \
778 SymX(unblockAsyncExceptionszh_fast) \
780 SymX(unsafeThawArrayzh_fast) \
781 SymX(waitReadzh_fast) \
782 SymX(waitWritezh_fast) \
783 SymX(word2Integerzh_fast) \
784 SymX(writeTVarzh_fast) \
785 SymX(xorIntegerzh_fast) \
787 Sym(stg_interp_constr_entry) \
790 SymX(getAllocations) \
793 Sym(rts_breakpoint_io_action) \
794 Sym(rts_stop_next_breakpoint) \
795 Sym(rts_stop_on_exception) \
797 SymX(n_capabilities) \
798 RTS_USER_SIGNALS_SYMBOLS
800 #ifdef SUPPORT_LONG_LONGS
801 #define RTS_LONG_LONG_SYMS \
802 SymX(int64ToIntegerzh_fast) \
803 SymX(word64ToIntegerzh_fast)
805 #define RTS_LONG_LONG_SYMS /* nothing */
808 // 64-bit support functions in libgcc.a
809 #if defined(__GNUC__) && SIZEOF_VOID_P <= 4
810 #define RTS_LIBGCC_SYMBOLS \
820 #elif defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
821 #define RTS_LIBGCC_SYMBOLS \
829 #define RTS_LIBGCC_SYMBOLS
832 #if defined(darwin_HOST_OS) && defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
833 // Symbols that don't have a leading underscore
834 // on Mac OS X. They have to receive special treatment,
835 // see machoInitSymbolsWithoutUnderscore()
836 #define RTS_MACHO_NOUNDERLINE_SYMBOLS \
841 /* entirely bogus claims about types of these symbols */
842 #define Sym(vvv) extern void vvv(void);
843 #if defined(__PIC__) && defined(mingw32_TARGET_OS)
844 #define SymExtern(vvv) extern void _imp__ ## vvv (void);
846 #define SymExtern(vvv) SymX(vvv)
848 #define SymX(vvv) /**/
849 #define SymX_redirect(vvv,xxx) /**/
853 RTS_POSIX_ONLY_SYMBOLS
854 RTS_MINGW_ONLY_SYMBOLS
855 RTS_CYGWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS
856 RTS_DARWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS
864 #ifdef LEADING_UNDERSCORE
865 #define MAYBE_LEADING_UNDERSCORE_STR(s) ("_" s)
867 #define MAYBE_LEADING_UNDERSCORE_STR(s) (s)
870 #define Sym(vvv) { MAYBE_LEADING_UNDERSCORE_STR(#vvv), \
872 #define SymX(vvv) Sym(vvv)
873 #define SymExtern(vvv) { MAYBE_LEADING_UNDERSCORE_STR(#vvv), \
874 (void*)DLL_IMPORT_DATA_REF(vvv) },
876 // SymX_redirect allows us to redirect references to one symbol to
877 // another symbol. See newCAF/newDynCAF for an example.
878 #define SymX_redirect(vvv,xxx) \
879 { MAYBE_LEADING_UNDERSCORE_STR(#vvv), \
882 static RtsSymbolVal rtsSyms[] = {
886 RTS_POSIX_ONLY_SYMBOLS
887 RTS_MINGW_ONLY_SYMBOLS
888 RTS_CYGWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS
889 RTS_DARWIN_ONLY_SYMBOLS
892 #if defined(darwin_HOST_OS) && defined(i386_HOST_ARCH)
893 // dyld stub code contains references to this,
894 // but it should never be called because we treat
895 // lazy pointers as nonlazy.
896 { "dyld_stub_binding_helper", (void*)0xDEADBEEF },
898 { 0, 0 } /* sentinel */
903 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
904 * Insert symbols into hash tables, checking for duplicates.
907 static void ghciInsertStrHashTable ( char* obj_name,
913 if (lookupHashTable(table, (StgWord)key) == NULL)
915 insertStrHashTable(table, (StgWord)key, data);
920 "GHCi runtime linker: fatal error: I found a duplicate definition for symbol\n"
922 "whilst processing object file\n"
924 "This could be caused by:\n"
925 " * Loading two different object files which export the same symbol\n"
926 " * Specifying the same object file twice on the GHCi command line\n"
927 " * An incorrect `package.conf' entry, causing some object to be\n"
929 "GHCi cannot safely continue in this situation. Exiting now. Sorry.\n"
936 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
937 * initialize the object linker
941 static int linker_init_done = 0 ;
943 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF) || defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
944 static void *dl_prog_handle;
952 /* Make initLinker idempotent, so we can call it
953 before evey relevant operation; that means we
954 don't need to initialise the linker separately */
955 if (linker_init_done == 1) { return; } else {
956 linker_init_done = 1;
959 stablehash = allocStrHashTable();
960 symhash = allocStrHashTable();
962 /* populate the symbol table with stuff from the RTS */
963 for (sym = rtsSyms; sym->lbl != NULL; sym++) {
964 ghciInsertStrHashTable("(GHCi built-in symbols)",
965 symhash, sym->lbl, sym->addr);
967 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO) && defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
968 machoInitSymbolsWithoutUnderscore();
971 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF) || defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
972 # if defined(RTLD_DEFAULT)
973 dl_prog_handle = RTLD_DEFAULT;
975 dl_prog_handle = dlopen(NULL, RTLD_LAZY);
976 # endif /* RTLD_DEFAULT */
980 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
981 * Loading DLL or .so dynamic libraries
982 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
984 * Add a DLL from which symbols may be found. In the ELF case, just
985 * do RTLD_GLOBAL-style add, so no further messing around needs to
986 * happen in order that symbols in the loaded .so are findable --
987 * lookupSymbol() will subsequently see them by dlsym on the program's
988 * dl-handle. Returns NULL if success, otherwise ptr to an err msg.
990 * In the PEi386 case, open the DLLs and put handles to them in a
991 * linked list. When looking for a symbol, try all handles in the
992 * list. This means that we need to load even DLLs that are guaranteed
993 * to be in the ghc.exe image already, just so we can get a handle
994 * to give to loadSymbol, so that we can find the symbols. For such
995 * libraries, the LoadLibrary call should be a no-op except for returning
1000 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1001 /* A record for storing handles into DLLs. */
1006 struct _OpenedDLL* next;
1011 /* A list thereof. */
1012 static OpenedDLL* opened_dlls = NULL;
1016 addDLL( char *dll_name )
1018 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF) || defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1019 /* ------------------- ELF DLL loader ------------------- */
1025 // omitted: RTLD_NOW
1026 // see http://www.haskell.org/pipermail/cvs-ghc/2007-September/038570.html
1027 hdl= dlopen(dll_name, RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_GLOBAL);
1030 /* dlopen failed; return a ptr to the error msg. */
1032 if (errmsg == NULL) errmsg = "addDLL: unknown error";
1039 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1040 /* ------------------- Win32 DLL loader ------------------- */
1048 /* debugBelch("\naddDLL; dll_name = `%s'\n", dll_name); */
1050 /* See if we've already got it, and ignore if so. */
1051 for (o_dll = opened_dlls; o_dll != NULL; o_dll = o_dll->next) {
1052 if (0 == strcmp(o_dll->name, dll_name))
1056 /* The file name has no suffix (yet) so that we can try
1057 both foo.dll and foo.drv
1059 The documentation for LoadLibrary says:
1060 If no file name extension is specified in the lpFileName
1061 parameter, the default library extension .dll is
1062 appended. However, the file name string can include a trailing
1063 point character (.) to indicate that the module name has no
1066 buf = stgMallocBytes(strlen(dll_name) + 10, "addDLL");
1067 sprintf(buf, "%s.DLL", dll_name);
1068 instance = LoadLibrary(buf);
1069 if (instance == NULL) {
1070 if (GetLastError() != ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND) goto error;
1071 // KAA: allow loading of drivers (like winspool.drv)
1072 sprintf(buf, "%s.DRV", dll_name);
1073 instance = LoadLibrary(buf);
1074 if (instance == NULL) {
1075 if (GetLastError() != ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND) goto error;
1076 // #1883: allow loading of unix-style libfoo.dll DLLs
1077 sprintf(buf, "lib%s.DLL", dll_name);
1078 instance = LoadLibrary(buf);
1079 if (instance == NULL) {
1086 /* Add this DLL to the list of DLLs in which to search for symbols. */
1087 o_dll = stgMallocBytes( sizeof(OpenedDLL), "addDLL" );
1088 o_dll->name = stgMallocBytes(1+strlen(dll_name), "addDLL");
1089 strcpy(o_dll->name, dll_name);
1090 o_dll->instance = instance;
1091 o_dll->next = opened_dlls;
1092 opened_dlls = o_dll;
1098 sysErrorBelch(dll_name);
1100 /* LoadLibrary failed; return a ptr to the error msg. */
1101 return "addDLL: could not load DLL";
1104 barf("addDLL: not implemented on this platform");
1108 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1109 * insert a stable symbol in the hash table
1113 insertStableSymbol(char* obj_name, char* key, StgPtr p)
1115 ghciInsertStrHashTable(obj_name, stablehash, key, getStablePtr(p));
1119 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1120 * insert a symbol in the hash table
1123 insertSymbol(char* obj_name, char* key, void* data)
1125 ghciInsertStrHashTable(obj_name, symhash, key, data);
1128 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1129 * lookup a symbol in the hash table
1132 lookupSymbol( char *lbl )
1136 ASSERT(symhash != NULL);
1137 val = lookupStrHashTable(symhash, lbl);
1140 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
1141 return dlsym(dl_prog_handle, lbl);
1142 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1144 /* On OS X 10.3 and later, we use dlsym instead of the old legacy
1147 HACK: On OS X, global symbols are prefixed with an underscore.
1148 However, dlsym wants us to omit the leading underscore from the
1149 symbol name. For now, we simply strip it off here (and ONLY
1152 ASSERT(lbl[0] == '_');
1153 return dlsym(dl_prog_handle, lbl+1);
1155 if(NSIsSymbolNameDefined(lbl)) {
1156 NSSymbol symbol = NSLookupAndBindSymbol(lbl);
1157 return NSAddressOfSymbol(symbol);
1161 # endif /* HAVE_DLFCN_H */
1162 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1165 for (o_dll = opened_dlls; o_dll != NULL; o_dll = o_dll->next) {
1166 /* debugBelch("look in %s for %s\n", o_dll->name, lbl); */
1167 if (lbl[0] == '_') {
1168 /* HACK: if the name has an initial underscore, try stripping
1169 it off & look that up first. I've yet to verify whether there's
1170 a Rule that governs whether an initial '_' *should always* be
1171 stripped off when mapping from import lib name to the DLL name.
1173 sym = GetProcAddress(o_dll->instance, (lbl+1));
1175 /*debugBelch("found %s in %s\n", lbl+1,o_dll->name);*/
1179 sym = GetProcAddress(o_dll->instance, lbl);
1181 /*debugBelch("found %s in %s\n", lbl,o_dll->name);*/
1195 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1196 * Debugging aid: look in GHCi's object symbol tables for symbols
1197 * within DELTA bytes of the specified address, and show their names.
1200 void ghci_enquire ( char* addr );
1202 void ghci_enquire ( char* addr )
1207 const int DELTA = 64;
1212 for (oc = objects; oc; oc = oc->next) {
1213 for (i = 0; i < oc->n_symbols; i++) {
1214 sym = oc->symbols[i];
1215 if (sym == NULL) continue;
1218 a = lookupStrHashTable(symhash, sym);
1221 // debugBelch("ghci_enquire: can't find %s\n", sym);
1223 else if (addr-DELTA <= a && a <= addr+DELTA) {
1224 debugBelch("%p + %3d == `%s'\n", addr, (int)(a - addr), sym);
1231 #ifdef ia64_HOST_ARCH
1232 static unsigned int PLTSize(void);
1235 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1236 * Load an obj (populate the global symbol table, but don't resolve yet)
1238 * Returns: 1 if ok, 0 on error.
1241 loadObj( char *path )
1248 void *map_addr = NULL;
1254 /* debugBelch("loadObj %s\n", path ); */
1256 /* Check that we haven't already loaded this object.
1257 Ignore requests to load multiple times */
1261 for (o = objects; o; o = o->next) {
1262 if (0 == strcmp(o->fileName, path)) {
1264 break; /* don't need to search further */
1268 IF_DEBUG(linker, debugBelch(
1269 "GHCi runtime linker: warning: looks like you're trying to load the\n"
1270 "same object file twice:\n"
1272 "GHCi will ignore this, but be warned.\n"
1274 return 1; /* success */
1278 oc = stgMallocBytes(sizeof(ObjectCode), "loadObj(oc)");
1280 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
1281 oc->formatName = "ELF";
1282 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1283 oc->formatName = "PEi386";
1284 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1285 oc->formatName = "Mach-O";
1288 barf("loadObj: not implemented on this platform");
1291 r = stat(path, &st);
1292 if (r == -1) { return 0; }
1294 /* sigh, strdup() isn't a POSIX function, so do it the long way */
1295 oc->fileName = stgMallocBytes( strlen(path)+1, "loadObj" );
1296 strcpy(oc->fileName, path);
1298 oc->fileSize = st.st_size;
1300 oc->sections = NULL;
1301 oc->proddables = NULL;
1303 /* chain it onto the list of objects */
1308 #define ROUND_UP(x,size) ((x + size - 1) & ~(size - 1))
1310 /* On many architectures malloc'd memory isn't executable, so we need to use mmap. */
1312 #if defined(openbsd_HOST_OS)
1313 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY, S_IRUSR);
1315 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
1318 barf("loadObj: can't open `%s'", path);
1320 pagesize = getpagesize();
1322 #ifdef ia64_HOST_ARCH
1323 /* The PLT needs to be right before the object */
1324 n = ROUND_UP(PLTSize(), pagesize);
1325 oc->plt = mmap(NULL, n, PROT_EXEC|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
1326 if (oc->plt == MAP_FAILED)
1327 barf("loadObj: can't allocate PLT");
1330 map_addr = oc->plt + n;
1333 n = ROUND_UP(oc->fileSize, pagesize);
1335 /* Link objects into the lower 2Gb on x86_64. GHC assumes the
1336 * small memory model on this architecture (see gcc docs,
1339 * MAP_32BIT not available on OpenBSD/amd64
1341 #if defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH) && defined(MAP_32BIT)
1342 #define EXTRA_MAP_FLAGS MAP_32BIT
1344 #define EXTRA_MAP_FLAGS 0
1347 /* MAP_ANONYMOUS is MAP_ANON on some systems, e.g. OpenBSD */
1348 #if !defined(MAP_ANONYMOUS) && defined(MAP_ANON)
1349 #define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
1352 oc->image = mmap(map_addr, n, PROT_EXEC|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
1353 MAP_PRIVATE|EXTRA_MAP_FLAGS, fd, 0);
1354 if (oc->image == MAP_FAILED)
1355 barf("loadObj: can't map `%s'", path);
1359 #else /* !USE_MMAP */
1361 /* load the image into memory */
1362 f = fopen(path, "rb");
1364 barf("loadObj: can't read `%s'", path);
1366 # if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
1367 // TODO: We would like to use allocateExec here, but allocateExec
1368 // cannot currently allocate blocks large enough.
1369 oc->image = VirtualAlloc(NULL, oc->fileSize, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT,
1370 PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
1371 # elif defined(darwin_HOST_OS)
1372 // In a Mach-O .o file, all sections can and will be misaligned
1373 // if the total size of the headers is not a multiple of the
1374 // desired alignment. This is fine for .o files that only serve
1375 // as input for the static linker, but it's not fine for us,
1376 // as SSE (used by gcc for floating point) and Altivec require
1377 // 16-byte alignment.
1378 // We calculate the correct alignment from the header before
1379 // reading the file, and then we misalign oc->image on purpose so
1380 // that the actual sections end up aligned again.
1381 oc->misalignment = machoGetMisalignment(f);
1382 oc->image = stgMallocBytes(oc->fileSize + oc->misalignment, "loadObj(image)");
1383 oc->image += oc->misalignment;
1385 oc->image = stgMallocBytes(oc->fileSize, "loadObj(image)");
1388 n = fread ( oc->image, 1, oc->fileSize, f );
1389 if (n != oc->fileSize)
1390 barf("loadObj: error whilst reading `%s'", path);
1393 #endif /* USE_MMAP */
1395 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO) && (defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH))
1396 r = ocAllocateSymbolExtras_MachO ( oc );
1397 if (!r) { return r; }
1398 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF) && (defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH))
1399 r = ocAllocateSymbolExtras_ELF ( oc );
1400 if (!r) { return r; }
1403 /* verify the in-memory image */
1404 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
1405 r = ocVerifyImage_ELF ( oc );
1406 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1407 r = ocVerifyImage_PEi386 ( oc );
1408 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1409 r = ocVerifyImage_MachO ( oc );
1411 barf("loadObj: no verify method");
1413 if (!r) { return r; }
1415 /* build the symbol list for this image */
1416 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
1417 r = ocGetNames_ELF ( oc );
1418 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1419 r = ocGetNames_PEi386 ( oc );
1420 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1421 r = ocGetNames_MachO ( oc );
1423 barf("loadObj: no getNames method");
1425 if (!r) { return r; }
1427 /* loaded, but not resolved yet */
1428 oc->status = OBJECT_LOADED;
1433 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1434 * resolve all the currently unlinked objects in memory
1436 * Returns: 1 if ok, 0 on error.
1446 for (oc = objects; oc; oc = oc->next) {
1447 if (oc->status != OBJECT_RESOLVED) {
1448 # if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
1449 r = ocResolve_ELF ( oc );
1450 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1451 r = ocResolve_PEi386 ( oc );
1452 # elif defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
1453 r = ocResolve_MachO ( oc );
1455 barf("resolveObjs: not implemented on this platform");
1457 if (!r) { return r; }
1458 oc->status = OBJECT_RESOLVED;
1464 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1465 * delete an object from the pool
1468 unloadObj( char *path )
1470 ObjectCode *oc, *prev;
1472 ASSERT(symhash != NULL);
1473 ASSERT(objects != NULL);
1478 for (oc = objects; oc; prev = oc, oc = oc->next) {
1479 if (!strcmp(oc->fileName,path)) {
1481 /* Remove all the mappings for the symbols within this
1486 for (i = 0; i < oc->n_symbols; i++) {
1487 if (oc->symbols[i] != NULL) {
1488 removeStrHashTable(symhash, oc->symbols[i], NULL);
1496 prev->next = oc->next;
1499 // We're going to leave this in place, in case there are
1500 // any pointers from the heap into it:
1501 // #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
1502 // VirtualFree(oc->image);
1504 // stgFree(oc->image);
1506 stgFree(oc->fileName);
1507 stgFree(oc->symbols);
1508 stgFree(oc->sections);
1514 errorBelch("unloadObj: can't find `%s' to unload", path);
1518 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1519 * Sanity checking. For each ObjectCode, maintain a list of address ranges
1520 * which may be prodded during relocation, and abort if we try and write
1521 * outside any of these.
1523 static void addProddableBlock ( ObjectCode* oc, void* start, int size )
1526 = stgMallocBytes(sizeof(ProddableBlock), "addProddableBlock");
1527 /* debugBelch("aPB %p %p %d\n", oc, start, size); */
1531 pb->next = oc->proddables;
1532 oc->proddables = pb;
1535 static void checkProddableBlock ( ObjectCode* oc, void* addr )
1538 for (pb = oc->proddables; pb != NULL; pb = pb->next) {
1539 char* s = (char*)(pb->start);
1540 char* e = s + pb->size - 1;
1541 char* a = (char*)addr;
1542 /* Assumes that the biggest fixup involves a 4-byte write. This
1543 probably needs to be changed to 8 (ie, +7) on 64-bit
1545 if (a >= s && (a+3) <= e) return;
1547 barf("checkProddableBlock: invalid fixup in runtime linker");
1550 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1551 * Section management.
1553 static void addSection ( ObjectCode* oc, SectionKind kind,
1554 void* start, void* end )
1556 Section* s = stgMallocBytes(sizeof(Section), "addSection");
1560 s->next = oc->sections;
1563 debugBelch("addSection: %p-%p (size %d), kind %d\n",
1564 start, ((char*)end)-1, end - start + 1, kind );
1569 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
1571 * This is about allocating a small chunk of memory for every symbol in the
1572 * object file. We make sure that the SymboLExtras are always "in range" of
1573 * limited-range PC-relative instructions on various platforms by allocating
1574 * them right next to the object code itself.
1577 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
1580 ocAllocateSymbolExtras
1582 Allocate additional space at the end of the object file image to make room
1583 for jump islands (powerpc, x86_64) and GOT entries (x86_64).
1585 PowerPC relative branch instructions have a 24 bit displacement field.
1586 As PPC code is always 4-byte-aligned, this yields a +-32MB range.
1587 If a particular imported symbol is outside this range, we have to redirect
1588 the jump to a short piece of new code that just loads the 32bit absolute
1589 address and jumps there.
1590 On x86_64, PC-relative jumps and PC-relative accesses to the GOT are limited
1593 This function just allocates space for one SymbolExtra for every
1594 undefined symbol in the object file. The code for the jump islands is
1595 filled in by makeSymbolExtra below.
1598 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras( ObjectCode* oc, int count, int first )
1605 int misalignment = 0;
1606 #ifdef darwin_HOST_OS
1607 misalignment = oc->misalignment;
1613 // round up to the nearest 4
1614 aligned = (oc->fileSize + 3) & ~3;
1617 pagesize = getpagesize();
1618 n = ROUND_UP( oc->fileSize, pagesize );
1619 m = ROUND_UP( aligned + sizeof (SymbolExtra) * count, pagesize );
1621 /* we try to use spare space at the end of the last page of the
1622 * image for the jump islands, but if there isn't enough space
1623 * then we have to map some (anonymously, remembering MAP_32BIT).
1625 if( m > n ) // we need to allocate more pages
1627 oc->symbol_extras = mmap (NULL, sizeof(SymbolExtra) * count,
1628 PROT_EXEC|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
1629 MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|EXTRA_MAP_FLAGS,
1631 if (oc->symbol_extras == MAP_FAILED)
1633 errorBelch( "Unable to mmap() for jump islands\n" );
1636 #ifdef x86_64_HOST_ARCH
1637 if ((StgWord)oc->symbol_extras > 0x80000000)
1639 barf("mmap() returned memory outside 2Gb");
1645 oc->symbol_extras = (SymbolExtra *) (oc->image + aligned);
1648 oc->image -= misalignment;
1649 oc->image = stgReallocBytes( oc->image,
1651 aligned + sizeof (SymbolExtra) * count,
1652 "ocAllocateSymbolExtras" );
1653 oc->image += misalignment;
1655 oc->symbol_extras = (SymbolExtra *) (oc->image + aligned);
1656 #endif /* USE_MMAP */
1658 memset( oc->symbol_extras, 0, sizeof (SymbolExtra) * count );
1661 oc->symbol_extras = NULL;
1663 oc->first_symbol_extra = first;
1664 oc->n_symbol_extras = count;
1669 static SymbolExtra* makeSymbolExtra( ObjectCode* oc,
1670 unsigned long symbolNumber,
1671 unsigned long target )
1675 ASSERT( symbolNumber >= oc->first_symbol_extra
1676 && symbolNumber - oc->first_symbol_extra < oc->n_symbol_extras);
1678 extra = &oc->symbol_extras[symbolNumber - oc->first_symbol_extra];
1680 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
1681 // lis r12, hi16(target)
1682 extra->jumpIsland.lis_r12 = 0x3d80;
1683 extra->jumpIsland.hi_addr = target >> 16;
1685 // ori r12, r12, lo16(target)
1686 extra->jumpIsland.ori_r12_r12 = 0x618c;
1687 extra->jumpIsland.lo_addr = target & 0xffff;
1690 extra->jumpIsland.mtctr_r12 = 0x7d8903a6;
1693 extra->jumpIsland.bctr = 0x4e800420;
1695 #ifdef x86_64_HOST_ARCH
1697 static uint8_t jmp[] = { 0xFF, 0x25, 0xF2, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF };
1698 extra->addr = target;
1699 memcpy(extra->jumpIsland, jmp, 6);
1707 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
1708 * PowerPC specifics (instruction cache flushing)
1709 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
1711 #ifdef powerpc_TARGET_ARCH
1713 ocFlushInstructionCache
1715 Flush the data & instruction caches.
1716 Because the PPC has split data/instruction caches, we have to
1717 do that whenever we modify code at runtime.
1720 static void ocFlushInstructionCache( ObjectCode *oc )
1722 int n = (oc->fileSize + sizeof( SymbolExtra ) * oc->n_symbol_extras + 3) / 4;
1723 unsigned long *p = (unsigned long *) oc->image;
1727 __asm__ volatile ( "dcbf 0,%0\n\t"
1735 __asm__ volatile ( "sync\n\t"
1741 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
1742 * PEi386 specifics (Win32 targets)
1743 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
1745 /* The information for this linker comes from
1746 Microsoft Portable Executable
1747 and Common Object File Format Specification
1748 revision 5.1 January 1998
1749 which SimonM says comes from the MS Developer Network CDs.
1751 It can be found there (on older CDs), but can also be found
1754 http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/hardware/PECOFF.asp
1756 (this is Rev 6.0 from February 1999).
1758 Things move, so if that fails, try searching for it via
1760 http://www.google.com/search?q=PE+COFF+specification
1762 The ultimate reference for the PE format is the Winnt.h
1763 header file that comes with the Platform SDKs; as always,
1764 implementations will drift wrt their documentation.
1766 A good background article on the PE format is Matt Pietrek's
1767 March 1994 article in Microsoft System Journal (MSJ)
1768 (Vol.9, No. 3): "Peering Inside the PE: A Tour of the
1769 Win32 Portable Executable File Format." The info in there
1770 has recently been updated in a two part article in
1771 MSDN magazine, issues Feb and March 2002,
1772 "Inside Windows: An In-Depth Look into the Win32 Portable
1773 Executable File Format"
1775 John Levine's book "Linkers and Loaders" contains useful
1780 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386)
1784 typedef unsigned char UChar;
1785 typedef unsigned short UInt16;
1786 typedef unsigned int UInt32;
1793 UInt16 NumberOfSections;
1794 UInt32 TimeDateStamp;
1795 UInt32 PointerToSymbolTable;
1796 UInt32 NumberOfSymbols;
1797 UInt16 SizeOfOptionalHeader;
1798 UInt16 Characteristics;
1802 #define sizeof_COFF_header 20
1809 UInt32 VirtualAddress;
1810 UInt32 SizeOfRawData;
1811 UInt32 PointerToRawData;
1812 UInt32 PointerToRelocations;
1813 UInt32 PointerToLinenumbers;
1814 UInt16 NumberOfRelocations;
1815 UInt16 NumberOfLineNumbers;
1816 UInt32 Characteristics;
1820 #define sizeof_COFF_section 40
1827 UInt16 SectionNumber;
1830 UChar NumberOfAuxSymbols;
1834 #define sizeof_COFF_symbol 18
1839 UInt32 VirtualAddress;
1840 UInt32 SymbolTableIndex;
1845 #define sizeof_COFF_reloc 10
1848 /* From PE spec doc, section 3.3.2 */
1849 /* Note use of MYIMAGE_* since IMAGE_* are already defined in
1850 windows.h -- for the same purpose, but I want to know what I'm
1852 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_RELOCS_STRIPPED 0x0001
1853 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE 0x0002
1854 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_DLL 0x2000
1855 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_SYSTEM 0x1000
1856 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_BYTES_REVERSED_HI 0x8000
1857 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_BYTES_REVERSED_LO 0x0080
1858 #define MYIMAGE_FILE_32BIT_MACHINE 0x0100
1860 /* From PE spec doc, section 5.4.2 and 5.4.4 */
1861 #define MYIMAGE_SYM_CLASS_EXTERNAL 2
1862 #define MYIMAGE_SYM_CLASS_STATIC 3
1863 #define MYIMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED 0
1865 /* From PE spec doc, section 4.1 */
1866 #define MYIMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE 0x00000020
1867 #define MYIMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA 0x00000040
1868 #define MYIMAGE_SCN_LNK_NRELOC_OVFL 0x01000000
1870 /* From PE spec doc, section 5.2.1 */
1871 #define MYIMAGE_REL_I386_DIR32 0x0006
1872 #define MYIMAGE_REL_I386_REL32 0x0014
1875 /* We use myindex to calculate array addresses, rather than
1876 simply doing the normal subscript thing. That's because
1877 some of the above structs have sizes which are not
1878 a whole number of words. GCC rounds their sizes up to a
1879 whole number of words, which means that the address calcs
1880 arising from using normal C indexing or pointer arithmetic
1881 are just plain wrong. Sigh.
1884 myindex ( int scale, void* base, int index )
1887 ((UChar*)base) + scale * index;
1892 printName ( UChar* name, UChar* strtab )
1894 if (name[0]==0 && name[1]==0 && name[2]==0 && name[3]==0) {
1895 UInt32 strtab_offset = * (UInt32*)(name+4);
1896 debugBelch("%s", strtab + strtab_offset );
1899 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1900 if (name[i] == 0) break;
1901 debugBelch("%c", name[i] );
1908 copyName ( UChar* name, UChar* strtab, UChar* dst, int dstSize )
1910 if (name[0]==0 && name[1]==0 && name[2]==0 && name[3]==0) {
1911 UInt32 strtab_offset = * (UInt32*)(name+4);
1912 strncpy ( dst, strtab+strtab_offset, dstSize );
1918 if (name[i] == 0) break;
1928 cstring_from_COFF_symbol_name ( UChar* name, UChar* strtab )
1931 /* If the string is longer than 8 bytes, look in the
1932 string table for it -- this will be correctly zero terminated.
1934 if (name[0]==0 && name[1]==0 && name[2]==0 && name[3]==0) {
1935 UInt32 strtab_offset = * (UInt32*)(name+4);
1936 return ((UChar*)strtab) + strtab_offset;
1938 /* Otherwise, if shorter than 8 bytes, return the original,
1939 which by defn is correctly terminated.
1941 if (name[7]==0) return name;
1942 /* The annoying case: 8 bytes. Copy into a temporary
1943 (which is never freed ...)
1945 newstr = stgMallocBytes(9, "cstring_from_COFF_symbol_name");
1947 strncpy(newstr,name,8);
1953 /* Just compares the short names (first 8 chars) */
1954 static COFF_section *
1955 findPEi386SectionCalled ( ObjectCode* oc, char* name )
1959 = (COFF_header*)(oc->image);
1960 COFF_section* sectab
1962 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
1963 + sizeof_COFF_header + hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader
1965 for (i = 0; i < hdr->NumberOfSections; i++) {
1968 COFF_section* section_i
1970 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section, sectab, i );
1971 n1 = (UChar*) &(section_i->Name);
1973 if (n1[0]==n2[0] && n1[1]==n2[1] && n1[2]==n2[2] &&
1974 n1[3]==n2[3] && n1[4]==n2[4] && n1[5]==n2[5] &&
1975 n1[6]==n2[6] && n1[7]==n2[7])
1984 zapTrailingAtSign ( UChar* sym )
1986 # define my_isdigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
1988 if (sym[0] == 0) return;
1990 while (sym[i] != 0) i++;
1993 while (j > 0 && my_isdigit(sym[j])) j--;
1994 if (j > 0 && sym[j] == '@' && j != i) sym[j] = 0;
2000 ocVerifyImage_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc )
2005 COFF_section* sectab;
2006 COFF_symbol* symtab;
2008 /* debugBelch("\nLOADING %s\n", oc->fileName); */
2009 hdr = (COFF_header*)(oc->image);
2010 sectab = (COFF_section*) (
2011 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2012 + sizeof_COFF_header + hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader
2014 symtab = (COFF_symbol*) (
2015 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2016 + hdr->PointerToSymbolTable
2018 strtab = ((UChar*)symtab)
2019 + hdr->NumberOfSymbols * sizeof_COFF_symbol;
2021 if (hdr->Machine != 0x14c) {
2022 errorBelch("%s: Not x86 PEi386", oc->fileName);
2025 if (hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader != 0) {
2026 errorBelch("%s: PEi386 with nonempty optional header", oc->fileName);
2029 if ( /* (hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_RELOCS_STRIPPED) || */
2030 (hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE) ||
2031 (hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_DLL) ||
2032 (hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_SYSTEM) ) {
2033 errorBelch("%s: Not a PEi386 object file", oc->fileName);
2036 if ( (hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_BYTES_REVERSED_HI)
2037 /* || !(hdr->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_FILE_32BIT_MACHINE) */ ) {
2038 errorBelch("%s: Invalid PEi386 word size or endiannness: %d",
2040 (int)(hdr->Characteristics));
2043 /* If the string table size is way crazy, this might indicate that
2044 there are more than 64k relocations, despite claims to the
2045 contrary. Hence this test. */
2046 /* debugBelch("strtab size %d\n", * (UInt32*)strtab); */
2048 if ( (*(UInt32*)strtab) > 600000 ) {
2049 /* Note that 600k has no special significance other than being
2050 big enough to handle the almost-2MB-sized lumps that
2051 constitute HSwin32*.o. */
2052 debugBelch("PEi386 object has suspiciously large string table; > 64k relocs?");
2057 /* No further verification after this point; only debug printing. */
2059 IF_DEBUG(linker, i=1);
2060 if (i == 0) return 1;
2062 debugBelch( "sectab offset = %d\n", ((UChar*)sectab) - ((UChar*)hdr) );
2063 debugBelch( "symtab offset = %d\n", ((UChar*)symtab) - ((UChar*)hdr) );
2064 debugBelch( "strtab offset = %d\n", ((UChar*)strtab) - ((UChar*)hdr) );
2067 debugBelch( "Machine: 0x%x\n", (UInt32)(hdr->Machine) );
2068 debugBelch( "# sections: %d\n", (UInt32)(hdr->NumberOfSections) );
2069 debugBelch( "time/date: 0x%x\n", (UInt32)(hdr->TimeDateStamp) );
2070 debugBelch( "symtab offset: %d\n", (UInt32)(hdr->PointerToSymbolTable) );
2071 debugBelch( "# symbols: %d\n", (UInt32)(hdr->NumberOfSymbols) );
2072 debugBelch( "sz of opt hdr: %d\n", (UInt32)(hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader) );
2073 debugBelch( "characteristics: 0x%x\n", (UInt32)(hdr->Characteristics) );
2075 /* Print the section table. */
2077 for (i = 0; i < hdr->NumberOfSections; i++) {
2079 COFF_section* sectab_i
2081 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section, sectab, i );
2088 printName ( sectab_i->Name, strtab );
2098 sectab_i->VirtualSize,
2099 sectab_i->VirtualAddress,
2100 sectab_i->SizeOfRawData,
2101 sectab_i->PointerToRawData,
2102 sectab_i->NumberOfRelocations,
2103 sectab_i->PointerToRelocations,
2104 sectab_i->PointerToRawData
2106 reltab = (COFF_reloc*) (
2107 ((UChar*)(oc->image)) + sectab_i->PointerToRelocations
2110 if ( sectab_i->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_SCN_LNK_NRELOC_OVFL ) {
2111 /* If the relocation field (a short) has overflowed, the
2112 * real count can be found in the first reloc entry.
2114 * See Section 4.1 (last para) of the PE spec (rev6.0).
2116 COFF_reloc* rel = (COFF_reloc*)
2117 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_reloc, reltab, 0 );
2118 noRelocs = rel->VirtualAddress;
2121 noRelocs = sectab_i->NumberOfRelocations;
2125 for (; j < noRelocs; j++) {
2127 COFF_reloc* rel = (COFF_reloc*)
2128 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_reloc, reltab, j );
2130 " type 0x%-4x vaddr 0x%-8x name `",
2132 rel->VirtualAddress );
2133 sym = (COFF_symbol*)
2134 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_symbol, symtab, rel->SymbolTableIndex );
2135 /* Hmm..mysterious looking offset - what's it for? SOF */
2136 printName ( sym->Name, strtab -10 );
2143 debugBelch("string table has size 0x%x\n", * (UInt32*)strtab );
2144 debugBelch("---START of string table---\n");
2145 for (i = 4; i < *(Int32*)strtab; i++) {
2147 debugBelch("\n"); else
2148 debugBelch("%c", strtab[i] );
2150 debugBelch("--- END of string table---\n");
2155 COFF_symbol* symtab_i;
2156 if (i >= (Int32)(hdr->NumberOfSymbols)) break;
2157 symtab_i = (COFF_symbol*)
2158 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_symbol, symtab, i );
2164 printName ( symtab_i->Name, strtab );
2173 (Int32)(symtab_i->SectionNumber),
2174 (UInt32)symtab_i->Type,
2175 (UInt32)symtab_i->StorageClass,
2176 (UInt32)symtab_i->NumberOfAuxSymbols
2178 i += symtab_i->NumberOfAuxSymbols;
2188 ocGetNames_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc )
2191 COFF_section* sectab;
2192 COFF_symbol* symtab;
2199 hdr = (COFF_header*)(oc->image);
2200 sectab = (COFF_section*) (
2201 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2202 + sizeof_COFF_header + hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader
2204 symtab = (COFF_symbol*) (
2205 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2206 + hdr->PointerToSymbolTable
2208 strtab = ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2209 + hdr->PointerToSymbolTable
2210 + hdr->NumberOfSymbols * sizeof_COFF_symbol;
2212 /* Allocate space for any (local, anonymous) .bss sections. */
2214 for (i = 0; i < hdr->NumberOfSections; i++) {
2217 COFF_section* sectab_i
2219 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section, sectab, i );
2220 if (0 != strcmp(sectab_i->Name, ".bss")) continue;
2221 /* sof 10/05: the PE spec text isn't too clear regarding what
2222 * the SizeOfRawData field is supposed to hold for object
2223 * file sections containing just uninitialized data -- for executables,
2224 * it is supposed to be zero; unclear what it's supposed to be
2225 * for object files. However, VirtualSize is guaranteed to be
2226 * zero for object files, which definitely suggests that SizeOfRawData
2227 * will be non-zero (where else would the size of this .bss section be
2228 * stored?) Looking at the COFF_section info for incoming object files,
2229 * this certainly appears to be the case.
2231 * => I suspect we've been incorrectly handling .bss sections in (relocatable)
2232 * object files up until now. This turned out to bite us with ghc-6.4.1's use
2233 * of gcc-3.4.x, which has started to emit initially-zeroed-out local 'static'
2234 * variable decls into to the .bss section. (The specific function in Q which
2235 * triggered this is libraries/base/cbits/dirUtils.c:__hscore_getFolderPath())
2237 if (sectab_i->VirtualSize == 0 && sectab_i->SizeOfRawData == 0) continue;
2238 /* This is a non-empty .bss section. Allocate zeroed space for
2239 it, and set its PointerToRawData field such that oc->image +
2240 PointerToRawData == addr_of_zeroed_space. */
2241 bss_sz = sectab_i->VirtualSize;
2242 if ( bss_sz < sectab_i->SizeOfRawData) { bss_sz = sectab_i->SizeOfRawData; }
2243 zspace = stgCallocBytes(1, bss_sz, "ocGetNames_PEi386(anonymous bss)");
2244 sectab_i->PointerToRawData = ((UChar*)zspace) - ((UChar*)(oc->image));
2245 addProddableBlock(oc, zspace, bss_sz);
2246 /* debugBelch("BSS anon section at 0x%x\n", zspace); */
2249 /* Copy section information into the ObjectCode. */
2251 for (i = 0; i < hdr->NumberOfSections; i++) {
2257 = SECTIONKIND_OTHER;
2258 COFF_section* sectab_i
2260 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section, sectab, i );
2261 IF_DEBUG(linker, debugBelch("section name = %s\n", sectab_i->Name ));
2264 /* I'm sure this is the Right Way to do it. However, the
2265 alternative of testing the sectab_i->Name field seems to
2266 work ok with Cygwin.
2268 if (sectab_i->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE ||
2269 sectab_i->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA)
2270 kind = SECTIONKIND_CODE_OR_RODATA;
2273 if (0==strcmp(".text",sectab_i->Name) ||
2274 0==strcmp(".rdata",sectab_i->Name)||
2275 0==strcmp(".rodata",sectab_i->Name))
2276 kind = SECTIONKIND_CODE_OR_RODATA;
2277 if (0==strcmp(".data",sectab_i->Name) ||
2278 0==strcmp(".bss",sectab_i->Name))
2279 kind = SECTIONKIND_RWDATA;
2281 ASSERT(sectab_i->SizeOfRawData == 0 || sectab_i->VirtualSize == 0);
2282 sz = sectab_i->SizeOfRawData;
2283 if (sz < sectab_i->VirtualSize) sz = sectab_i->VirtualSize;
2285 start = ((UChar*)(oc->image)) + sectab_i->PointerToRawData;
2286 end = start + sz - 1;
2288 if (kind == SECTIONKIND_OTHER
2289 /* Ignore sections called which contain stabs debugging
2291 && 0 != strcmp(".stab", sectab_i->Name)
2292 && 0 != strcmp(".stabstr", sectab_i->Name)
2293 /* ignore constructor section for now */
2294 && 0 != strcmp(".ctors", sectab_i->Name)
2295 /* ignore section generated from .ident */
2296 && 0!= strcmp("/4", sectab_i->Name)
2297 /* ignore unknown section that appeared in gcc 3.4.5(?) */
2298 && 0!= strcmp(".reloc", sectab_i->Name)
2300 errorBelch("Unknown PEi386 section name `%s' (while processing: %s)", sectab_i->Name, oc->fileName);
2304 if (kind != SECTIONKIND_OTHER && end >= start) {
2305 addSection(oc, kind, start, end);
2306 addProddableBlock(oc, start, end - start + 1);
2310 /* Copy exported symbols into the ObjectCode. */
2312 oc->n_symbols = hdr->NumberOfSymbols;
2313 oc->symbols = stgMallocBytes(oc->n_symbols * sizeof(char*),
2314 "ocGetNames_PEi386(oc->symbols)");
2315 /* Call me paranoid; I don't care. */
2316 for (i = 0; i < oc->n_symbols; i++)
2317 oc->symbols[i] = NULL;
2321 COFF_symbol* symtab_i;
2322 if (i >= (Int32)(hdr->NumberOfSymbols)) break;
2323 symtab_i = (COFF_symbol*)
2324 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_symbol, symtab, i );
2328 if (symtab_i->StorageClass == MYIMAGE_SYM_CLASS_EXTERNAL
2329 && symtab_i->SectionNumber != MYIMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED) {
2330 /* This symbol is global and defined, viz, exported */
2331 /* for MYIMAGE_SYMCLASS_EXTERNAL
2332 && !MYIMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED,
2333 the address of the symbol is:
2334 address of relevant section + offset in section
2336 COFF_section* sectabent
2337 = (COFF_section*) myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section,
2339 symtab_i->SectionNumber-1 );
2340 addr = ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2341 + (sectabent->PointerToRawData
2345 if (symtab_i->SectionNumber == MYIMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED
2346 && symtab_i->Value > 0) {
2347 /* This symbol isn't in any section at all, ie, global bss.
2348 Allocate zeroed space for it. */
2349 addr = stgCallocBytes(1, symtab_i->Value,
2350 "ocGetNames_PEi386(non-anonymous bss)");
2351 addSection(oc, SECTIONKIND_RWDATA, addr,
2352 ((UChar*)addr) + symtab_i->Value - 1);
2353 addProddableBlock(oc, addr, symtab_i->Value);
2354 /* debugBelch("BSS section at 0x%x\n", addr); */
2357 if (addr != NULL ) {
2358 sname = cstring_from_COFF_symbol_name ( symtab_i->Name, strtab );
2359 /* debugBelch("addSymbol %p `%s \n", addr,sname); */
2360 IF_DEBUG(linker, debugBelch("addSymbol %p `%s'\n", addr,sname);)
2361 ASSERT(i >= 0 && i < oc->n_symbols);
2362 /* cstring_from_COFF_symbol_name always succeeds. */
2363 oc->symbols[i] = sname;
2364 ghciInsertStrHashTable(oc->fileName, symhash, sname, addr);
2368 "IGNORING symbol %d\n"
2372 printName ( symtab_i->Name, strtab );
2381 (Int32)(symtab_i->SectionNumber),
2382 (UInt32)symtab_i->Type,
2383 (UInt32)symtab_i->StorageClass,
2384 (UInt32)symtab_i->NumberOfAuxSymbols
2389 i += symtab_i->NumberOfAuxSymbols;
2398 ocResolve_PEi386 ( ObjectCode* oc )
2401 COFF_section* sectab;
2402 COFF_symbol* symtab;
2412 /* ToDo: should be variable-sized? But is at least safe in the
2413 sense of buffer-overrun-proof. */
2415 /* debugBelch("resolving for %s\n", oc->fileName); */
2417 hdr = (COFF_header*)(oc->image);
2418 sectab = (COFF_section*) (
2419 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2420 + sizeof_COFF_header + hdr->SizeOfOptionalHeader
2422 symtab = (COFF_symbol*) (
2423 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2424 + hdr->PointerToSymbolTable
2426 strtab = ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2427 + hdr->PointerToSymbolTable
2428 + hdr->NumberOfSymbols * sizeof_COFF_symbol;
2430 for (i = 0; i < hdr->NumberOfSections; i++) {
2431 COFF_section* sectab_i
2433 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_section, sectab, i );
2436 ((UChar*)(oc->image)) + sectab_i->PointerToRelocations
2439 /* Ignore sections called which contain stabs debugging
2441 if (0 == strcmp(".stab", sectab_i->Name)
2442 || 0 == strcmp(".stabstr", sectab_i->Name)
2443 || 0 == strcmp(".ctors", sectab_i->Name))
2446 if ( sectab_i->Characteristics & MYIMAGE_SCN_LNK_NRELOC_OVFL ) {
2447 /* If the relocation field (a short) has overflowed, the
2448 * real count can be found in the first reloc entry.
2450 * See Section 4.1 (last para) of the PE spec (rev6.0).
2452 * Nov2003 update: the GNU linker still doesn't correctly
2453 * handle the generation of relocatable object files with
2454 * overflown relocations. Hence the output to warn of potential
2457 COFF_reloc* rel = (COFF_reloc*)
2458 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_reloc, reltab, 0 );
2459 noRelocs = rel->VirtualAddress;
2461 /* 10/05: we now assume (and check for) a GNU ld that is capable
2462 * of handling object files with (>2^16) of relocs.
2465 debugBelch("WARNING: Overflown relocation field (# relocs found: %u)\n",
2470 noRelocs = sectab_i->NumberOfRelocations;
2475 for (; j < noRelocs; j++) {
2477 COFF_reloc* reltab_j
2479 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_reloc, reltab, j );
2481 /* the location to patch */
2483 ((UChar*)(oc->image))
2484 + (sectab_i->PointerToRawData
2485 + reltab_j->VirtualAddress
2486 - sectab_i->VirtualAddress )
2488 /* the existing contents of pP */
2490 /* the symbol to connect to */
2491 sym = (COFF_symbol*)
2492 myindex ( sizeof_COFF_symbol,
2493 symtab, reltab_j->SymbolTableIndex );
2496 "reloc sec %2d num %3d: type 0x%-4x "
2497 "vaddr 0x%-8x name `",
2499 (UInt32)reltab_j->Type,
2500 reltab_j->VirtualAddress );
2501 printName ( sym->Name, strtab );
2502 debugBelch("'\n" ));
2504 if (sym->StorageClass == MYIMAGE_SYM_CLASS_STATIC) {
2505 COFF_section* section_sym
2506 = findPEi386SectionCalled ( oc, sym->Name );
2508 errorBelch("%s: can't find section `%s'", oc->fileName, sym->Name);
2511 S = ((UInt32)(oc->image))
2512 + (section_sym->PointerToRawData
2515 copyName ( sym->Name, strtab, symbol, 1000-1 );
2516 S = (UInt32) lookupSymbol( symbol );
2517 if ((void*)S != NULL) goto foundit;
2518 zapTrailingAtSign ( symbol );
2519 S = (UInt32) lookupSymbol( symbol );
2520 if ((void*)S != NULL) goto foundit;
2521 /* Newline first because the interactive linker has printed "linking..." */
2522 errorBelch("\n%s: unknown symbol `%s'", oc->fileName, symbol);
2526 checkProddableBlock(oc, pP);
2527 switch (reltab_j->Type) {
2528 case MYIMAGE_REL_I386_DIR32:
2531 case MYIMAGE_REL_I386_REL32:
2532 /* Tricky. We have to insert a displacement at
2533 pP which, when added to the PC for the _next_
2534 insn, gives the address of the target (S).
2535 Problem is to know the address of the next insn
2536 when we only know pP. We assume that this
2537 literal field is always the last in the insn,
2538 so that the address of the next insn is pP+4
2539 -- hence the constant 4.
2540 Also I don't know if A should be added, but so
2541 far it has always been zero.
2543 SOF 05/2005: 'A' (old contents of *pP) have been observed
2544 to contain values other than zero (the 'wx' object file
2545 that came with wxhaskell-0.9.4; dunno how it was compiled..).
2546 So, add displacement to old value instead of asserting
2547 A to be zero. Fixes wxhaskell-related crashes, and no other
2548 ill effects have been observed.
2550 Update: the reason why we're seeing these more elaborate
2551 relocations is due to a switch in how the NCG compiles SRTs
2552 and offsets to them from info tables. SRTs live in .(ro)data,
2553 while info tables live in .text, causing GAS to emit REL32/DISP32
2554 relocations with non-zero values. Adding the displacement is
2555 the right thing to do.
2557 *pP = S - ((UInt32)pP) - 4 + A;
2560 debugBelch("%s: unhandled PEi386 relocation type %d",
2561 oc->fileName, reltab_j->Type);
2568 IF_DEBUG(linker, debugBelch("completed %s", oc->fileName));
2572 #endif /* defined(OBJFORMAT_PEi386) */
2575 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
2577 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
2579 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_ELF)
2584 #if defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH)
2585 # define ELF_TARGET_SPARC /* Used inside <elf.h> */
2586 #elif defined(i386_HOST_ARCH)
2587 # define ELF_TARGET_386 /* Used inside <elf.h> */
2588 #elif defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
2589 # define ELF_TARGET_X64_64
2591 #elif defined (ia64_HOST_ARCH)
2592 # define ELF_TARGET_IA64 /* Used inside <elf.h> */
2594 # define ELF_FUNCTION_DESC /* calling convention uses function descriptors */
2595 # define ELF_NEED_GOT /* needs Global Offset Table */
2596 # define ELF_NEED_PLT /* needs Procedure Linkage Tables */
2599 #if !defined(openbsd_HOST_OS)
2602 /* openbsd elf has things in different places, with diff names */
2603 # include <elf_abi.h>
2604 # include <machine/reloc.h>
2605 # define R_386_32 RELOC_32
2606 # define R_386_PC32 RELOC_PC32
2609 /* If elf.h doesn't define it */
2610 # ifndef R_X86_64_PC64
2611 # define R_X86_64_PC64 24
2615 * Define a set of types which can be used for both ELF32 and ELF64
2619 #define ELFCLASS ELFCLASS64
2620 #define Elf_Addr Elf64_Addr
2621 #define Elf_Word Elf64_Word
2622 #define Elf_Sword Elf64_Sword
2623 #define Elf_Ehdr Elf64_Ehdr
2624 #define Elf_Phdr Elf64_Phdr
2625 #define Elf_Shdr Elf64_Shdr
2626 #define Elf_Sym Elf64_Sym
2627 #define Elf_Rel Elf64_Rel
2628 #define Elf_Rela Elf64_Rela
2629 #define ELF_ST_TYPE ELF64_ST_TYPE
2630 #define ELF_ST_BIND ELF64_ST_BIND
2631 #define ELF_R_TYPE ELF64_R_TYPE
2632 #define ELF_R_SYM ELF64_R_SYM
2634 #define ELFCLASS ELFCLASS32
2635 #define Elf_Addr Elf32_Addr
2636 #define Elf_Word Elf32_Word
2637 #define Elf_Sword Elf32_Sword
2638 #define Elf_Ehdr Elf32_Ehdr
2639 #define Elf_Phdr Elf32_Phdr
2640 #define Elf_Shdr Elf32_Shdr
2641 #define Elf_Sym Elf32_Sym
2642 #define Elf_Rel Elf32_Rel
2643 #define Elf_Rela Elf32_Rela
2645 #define ELF_ST_TYPE ELF32_ST_TYPE
2648 #define ELF_ST_BIND ELF32_ST_BIND
2651 #define ELF_R_TYPE ELF32_R_TYPE
2654 #define ELF_R_SYM ELF32_R_SYM
2660 * Functions to allocate entries in dynamic sections. Currently we simply
2661 * preallocate a large number, and we don't check if a entry for the given
2662 * target already exists (a linear search is too slow). Ideally these
2663 * entries would be associated with symbols.
2666 /* These sizes sufficient to load HSbase + HShaskell98 + a few modules */
2667 #define GOT_SIZE 0x20000
2668 #define FUNCTION_TABLE_SIZE 0x10000
2669 #define PLT_SIZE 0x08000
2672 static Elf_Addr got[GOT_SIZE];
2673 static unsigned int gotIndex;
2674 static Elf_Addr gp_val = (Elf_Addr)got;
2677 allocateGOTEntry(Elf_Addr target)
2681 if (gotIndex >= GOT_SIZE)
2682 barf("Global offset table overflow");
2684 entry = &got[gotIndex++];
2686 return (Elf_Addr)entry;
2690 #ifdef ELF_FUNCTION_DESC
2696 static FunctionDesc functionTable[FUNCTION_TABLE_SIZE];
2697 static unsigned int functionTableIndex;
2700 allocateFunctionDesc(Elf_Addr target)
2702 FunctionDesc *entry;
2704 if (functionTableIndex >= FUNCTION_TABLE_SIZE)
2705 barf("Function table overflow");
2707 entry = &functionTable[functionTableIndex++];
2709 entry->gp = (Elf_Addr)gp_val;
2710 return (Elf_Addr)entry;
2714 copyFunctionDesc(Elf_Addr target)
2716 FunctionDesc *olddesc = (FunctionDesc *)target;
2717 FunctionDesc *newdesc;
2719 newdesc = (FunctionDesc *)allocateFunctionDesc(olddesc->ip);
2720 newdesc->gp = olddesc->gp;
2721 return (Elf_Addr)newdesc;
2726 #ifdef ia64_HOST_ARCH
2727 static void ia64_reloc_gprel22(Elf_Addr target, Elf_Addr value);
2728 static void ia64_reloc_pcrel21(Elf_Addr target, Elf_Addr value, ObjectCode *oc);
2730 static unsigned char plt_code[] =
2732 /* taken from binutils bfd/elfxx-ia64.c */
2733 0x0b, 0x78, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x24, /* [MMI] addl r15=0,r1;; */
2734 0x00, 0x41, 0x3c, 0x30, 0x28, 0xc0, /* ld8 r16=[r15],8 */
2735 0x01, 0x08, 0x00, 0x84, /* mov r14=r1;; */
2736 0x11, 0x08, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x18, 0x10, /* [MIB] ld8 r1=[r15] */
2737 0x60, 0x80, 0x04, 0x80, 0x03, 0x00, /* mov b6=r16 */
2738 0x60, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00 /* br.few b6;; */
2741 /* If we can't get to the function descriptor via gp, take a local copy of it */
2742 #define PLT_RELOC(code, target) { \
2743 Elf64_Sxword rel_value = target - gp_val; \
2744 if ((rel_value > 0x1fffff) || (rel_value < -0x1fffff)) \
2745 ia64_reloc_gprel22((Elf_Addr)code, copyFunctionDesc(target)); \
2747 ia64_reloc_gprel22((Elf_Addr)code, target); \
2752 unsigned char code[sizeof(plt_code)];
2756 allocatePLTEntry(Elf_Addr target, ObjectCode *oc)
2758 PLTEntry *plt = (PLTEntry *)oc->plt;
2761 if (oc->pltIndex >= PLT_SIZE)
2762 barf("Procedure table overflow");
2764 entry = &plt[oc->pltIndex++];
2765 memcpy(entry->code, plt_code, sizeof(entry->code));
2766 PLT_RELOC(entry->code, target);
2767 return (Elf_Addr)entry;
2773 return (PLT_SIZE * sizeof(PLTEntry));
2779 * Generic ELF functions
2783 findElfSection ( void* objImage, Elf_Word sh_type )
2785 char* ehdrC = (char*)objImage;
2786 Elf_Ehdr* ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr*)ehdrC;
2787 Elf_Shdr* shdr = (Elf_Shdr*)(ehdrC + ehdr->e_shoff);
2788 char* sh_strtab = ehdrC + shdr[ehdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
2792 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
2793 if (shdr[i].sh_type == sh_type
2794 /* Ignore the section header's string table. */
2795 && i != ehdr->e_shstrndx
2796 /* Ignore string tables named .stabstr, as they contain
2798 && 0 != memcmp(".stabstr", sh_strtab + shdr[i].sh_name, 8)
2800 ptr = ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset;
2807 #if defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
2809 findElfSegment ( void* objImage, Elf_Addr vaddr )
2811 char* ehdrC = (char*)objImage;
2812 Elf_Ehdr* ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr*)ehdrC;
2813 Elf_Phdr* phdr = (Elf_Phdr*)(ehdrC + ehdr->e_phoff);
2814 Elf_Addr segaddr = 0;
2817 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; i++) {
2818 segaddr = phdr[i].p_vaddr;
2819 if ((vaddr >= segaddr) && (vaddr < segaddr + phdr[i].p_memsz))
2827 ocVerifyImage_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc )
2831 int i, j, nent, nstrtab, nsymtabs;
2835 char* ehdrC = (char*)(oc->image);
2836 Elf_Ehdr* ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr*)ehdrC;
2838 if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG0] != ELFMAG0 ||
2839 ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG1] != ELFMAG1 ||
2840 ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG2] != ELFMAG2 ||
2841 ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG3] != ELFMAG3) {
2842 errorBelch("%s: not an ELF object", oc->fileName);
2846 if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS) {
2847 errorBelch("%s: unsupported ELF format", oc->fileName);
2851 if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2LSB) {
2852 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Is little-endian\n" ));
2854 if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB) {
2855 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Is big-endian\n" ));
2857 errorBelch("%s: unknown endiannness", oc->fileName);
2861 if (ehdr->e_type != ET_REL) {
2862 errorBelch("%s: not a relocatable object (.o) file", oc->fileName);
2865 IF_DEBUG(linker, debugBelch( "Is a relocatable object (.o) file\n" ));
2867 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Architecture is " ));
2868 switch (ehdr->e_machine) {
2869 case EM_386: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "x86" )); break;
2870 #ifdef EM_SPARC32PLUS
2871 case EM_SPARC32PLUS:
2873 case EM_SPARC: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "sparc" )); break;
2875 case EM_IA_64: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "ia64" )); break;
2877 case EM_PPC: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "powerpc32" )); break;
2879 case EM_X86_64: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "x86_64" )); break;
2880 #elif defined(EM_AMD64)
2881 case EM_AMD64: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "amd64" )); break;
2883 default: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "unknown" ));
2884 errorBelch("%s: unknown architecture (e_machine == %d)"
2885 , oc->fileName, ehdr->e_machine);
2889 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(
2890 "\nSection header table: start %ld, n_entries %d, ent_size %d\n",
2891 (long)ehdr->e_shoff, ehdr->e_shnum, ehdr->e_shentsize ));
2893 ASSERT (ehdr->e_shentsize == sizeof(Elf_Shdr));
2895 shdr = (Elf_Shdr*) (ehdrC + ehdr->e_shoff);
2897 if (ehdr->e_shstrndx == SHN_UNDEF) {
2898 errorBelch("%s: no section header string table", oc->fileName);
2901 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Section header string table is section %d\n",
2903 sh_strtab = ehdrC + shdr[ehdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
2906 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
2907 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("%2d: ", i ));
2908 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("type=%2d ", (int)shdr[i].sh_type ));
2909 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("size=%4d ", (int)shdr[i].sh_size ));
2910 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("offs=%4d ", (int)shdr[i].sh_offset ));
2911 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" (%p .. %p) ",
2912 ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset,
2913 ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset + shdr[i].sh_size - 1));
2915 if (shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_REL) {
2916 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("Rel " ));
2917 } else if (shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_RELA) {
2918 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("RelA " ));
2920 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" "));
2923 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("sname=%s\n", sh_strtab + shdr[i].sh_name ));
2927 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "\nString tables" ));
2930 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
2931 if (shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_STRTAB
2932 /* Ignore the section header's string table. */
2933 && i != ehdr->e_shstrndx
2934 /* Ignore string tables named .stabstr, as they contain
2936 && 0 != memcmp(".stabstr", sh_strtab + shdr[i].sh_name, 8)
2938 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" section %d is a normal string table", i ));
2939 strtab = ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset;
2944 errorBelch("%s: no string tables, or too many", oc->fileName);
2949 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "\nSymbol tables" ));
2950 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
2951 if (shdr[i].sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB) continue;
2952 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "section %d is a symbol table\n", i ));
2954 stab = (Elf_Sym*) (ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset);
2955 nent = shdr[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Sym);
2956 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( " number of entries is apparently %d (%ld rem)\n",
2958 (long)shdr[i].sh_size % sizeof(Elf_Sym)
2960 if (0 != shdr[i].sh_size % sizeof(Elf_Sym)) {
2961 errorBelch("%s: non-integral number of symbol table entries", oc->fileName);
2964 for (j = 0; j < nent; j++) {
2965 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" %2d ", j ));
2966 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" sec=%-5d size=%-3d val=%5p ",
2967 (int)stab[j].st_shndx,
2968 (int)stab[j].st_size,
2969 (char*)stab[j].st_value ));
2971 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("type=" ));
2972 switch (ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info)) {
2973 case STT_NOTYPE: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("notype " )); break;
2974 case STT_OBJECT: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("object " )); break;
2975 case STT_FUNC : IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("func " )); break;
2976 case STT_SECTION: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("section" )); break;
2977 case STT_FILE: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("file " )); break;
2978 default: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("? " )); break;
2980 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" " ));
2982 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("bind=" ));
2983 switch (ELF_ST_BIND(stab[j].st_info)) {
2984 case STB_LOCAL : IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("local " )); break;
2985 case STB_GLOBAL: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("global" )); break;
2986 case STB_WEAK : IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("weak " )); break;
2987 default: IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("? " )); break;
2989 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch(" " ));
2991 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("name=%s\n", strtab + stab[j].st_name ));
2995 if (nsymtabs == 0) {
2996 errorBelch("%s: didn't find any symbol tables", oc->fileName);
3003 static int getSectionKind_ELF( Elf_Shdr *hdr, int *is_bss )
3007 if (hdr->sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS
3008 && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR)) {
3009 /* .text-style section */
3010 return SECTIONKIND_CODE_OR_RODATA;
3013 if (hdr->sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS
3014 && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_WRITE)) {
3015 /* .data-style section */
3016 return SECTIONKIND_RWDATA;
3019 if (hdr->sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS
3020 && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) && !(hdr->sh_flags & SHF_WRITE)) {
3021 /* .rodata-style section */
3022 return SECTIONKIND_CODE_OR_RODATA;
3025 if (hdr->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS
3026 && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) && (hdr->sh_flags & SHF_WRITE)) {
3027 /* .bss-style section */
3029 return SECTIONKIND_RWDATA;
3032 return SECTIONKIND_OTHER;
3037 ocGetNames_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc )
3042 char* ehdrC = (char*)(oc->image);
3043 Elf_Ehdr* ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr*)ehdrC;
3044 char* strtab = findElfSection ( ehdrC, SHT_STRTAB );
3045 Elf_Shdr* shdr = (Elf_Shdr*) (ehdrC + ehdr->e_shoff);
3047 ASSERT(symhash != NULL);
3050 errorBelch("%s: no strtab", oc->fileName);
3055 for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
3056 /* Figure out what kind of section it is. Logic derived from
3057 Figure 1.14 ("Special Sections") of the ELF document
3058 ("Portable Formats Specification, Version 1.1"). */
3060 SectionKind kind = getSectionKind_ELF(&shdr[i], &is_bss);
3062 if (is_bss && shdr[i].sh_size > 0) {
3063 /* This is a non-empty .bss section. Allocate zeroed space for
3064 it, and set its .sh_offset field such that
3065 ehdrC + .sh_offset == addr_of_zeroed_space. */
3066 char* zspace = stgCallocBytes(1, shdr[i].sh_size,
3067 "ocGetNames_ELF(BSS)");
3068 shdr[i].sh_offset = ((char*)zspace) - ((char*)ehdrC);
3070 debugBelch("BSS section at 0x%x, size %d\n",
3071 zspace, shdr[i].sh_size);
3075 /* fill in the section info */
3076 if (kind != SECTIONKIND_OTHER && shdr[i].sh_size > 0) {
3077 addProddableBlock(oc, ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset, shdr[i].sh_size);
3078 addSection(oc, kind, ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset,
3079 ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset + shdr[i].sh_size - 1);
3082 if (shdr[i].sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB) continue;
3084 /* copy stuff into this module's object symbol table */
3085 stab = (Elf_Sym*) (ehdrC + shdr[i].sh_offset);
3086 nent = shdr[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Sym);
3088 oc->n_symbols = nent;
3089 oc->symbols = stgMallocBytes(oc->n_symbols * sizeof(char*),
3090 "ocGetNames_ELF(oc->symbols)");
3092 for (j = 0; j < nent; j++) {
3094 char isLocal = FALSE; /* avoids uninit-var warning */
3096 char* nm = strtab + stab[j].st_name;
3097 int secno = stab[j].st_shndx;
3099 /* Figure out if we want to add it; if so, set ad to its
3100 address. Otherwise leave ad == NULL. */
3102 if (secno == SHN_COMMON) {
3104 ad = stgCallocBytes(1, stab[j].st_size, "ocGetNames_ELF(COMMON)");
3106 debugBelch("COMMON symbol, size %d name %s\n",
3107 stab[j].st_size, nm);
3109 /* Pointless to do addProddableBlock() for this area,
3110 since the linker should never poke around in it. */
3113 if ( ( ELF_ST_BIND(stab[j].st_info)==STB_GLOBAL
3114 || ELF_ST_BIND(stab[j].st_info)==STB_LOCAL
3116 /* and not an undefined symbol */
3117 && stab[j].st_shndx != SHN_UNDEF
3118 /* and not in a "special section" */
3119 && stab[j].st_shndx < SHN_LORESERVE
3121 /* and it's a not a section or string table or anything silly */
3122 ( ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info)==STT_FUNC ||
3123 ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info)==STT_OBJECT ||
3124 ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info)==STT_NOTYPE
3127 /* Section 0 is the undefined section, hence > and not >=. */
3128 ASSERT(secno > 0 && secno < ehdr->e_shnum);
3130 if (shdr[secno].sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) {
3131 debugBelch(" BSS symbol, size %d off %d name %s\n",
3132 stab[j].st_size, stab[j].st_value, nm);
3135 ad = ehdrC + shdr[ secno ].sh_offset + stab[j].st_value;
3136 if (ELF_ST_BIND(stab[j].st_info)==STB_LOCAL) {
3139 #ifdef ELF_FUNCTION_DESC
3140 /* dlsym() and the initialisation table both give us function
3141 * descriptors, so to be consistent we store function descriptors
3142 * in the symbol table */
3143 if (ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info) == STT_FUNC)
3144 ad = (char *)allocateFunctionDesc((Elf_Addr)ad);
3146 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "addOTabName(GLOB): %10p %s %s\n",
3147 ad, oc->fileName, nm ));
3152 /* And the decision is ... */
3156 oc->symbols[j] = nm;
3159 /* Ignore entirely. */
3161 ghciInsertStrHashTable(oc->fileName, symhash, nm, ad);
3165 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "skipping `%s'\n",
3166 strtab + stab[j].st_name ));
3169 "skipping bind = %d, type = %d, shndx = %d `%s'\n",
3170 (int)ELF_ST_BIND(stab[j].st_info),
3171 (int)ELF_ST_TYPE(stab[j].st_info),
3172 (int)stab[j].st_shndx,
3173 strtab + stab[j].st_name
3176 oc->symbols[j] = NULL;
3185 /* Do ELF relocations which lack an explicit addend. All x86-linux
3186 relocations appear to be of this form. */
3188 do_Elf_Rel_relocations ( ObjectCode* oc, char* ehdrC,
3189 Elf_Shdr* shdr, int shnum,
3190 Elf_Sym* stab, char* strtab )
3195 Elf_Rel* rtab = (Elf_Rel*) (ehdrC + shdr[shnum].sh_offset);
3196 int nent = shdr[shnum].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rel);
3197 int target_shndx = shdr[shnum].sh_info;
3198 int symtab_shndx = shdr[shnum].sh_link;
3200 stab = (Elf_Sym*) (ehdrC + shdr[ symtab_shndx ].sh_offset);
3201 targ = (Elf_Word*)(ehdrC + shdr[ target_shndx ].sh_offset);
3202 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "relocations for section %d using symtab %d\n",
3203 target_shndx, symtab_shndx ));
3205 /* Skip sections that we're not interested in. */
3208 SectionKind kind = getSectionKind_ELF(&shdr[target_shndx], &is_bss);
3209 if (kind == SECTIONKIND_OTHER) {
3210 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "skipping (target section not loaded)"));
3215 for (j = 0; j < nent; j++) {
3216 Elf_Addr offset = rtab[j].r_offset;
3217 Elf_Addr info = rtab[j].r_info;
3219 Elf_Addr P = ((Elf_Addr)targ) + offset;
3220 Elf_Word* pP = (Elf_Word*)P;
3225 StgStablePtr stablePtr;
3228 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Rel entry %3d is raw(%6p %6p)",
3229 j, (void*)offset, (void*)info ));
3231 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( " ZERO" ));
3234 Elf_Sym sym = stab[ELF_R_SYM(info)];
3235 /* First see if it is a local symbol. */
3236 if (ELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
3237 /* Yes, so we can get the address directly from the ELF symbol
3239 symbol = sym.st_name==0 ? "(noname)" : strtab+sym.st_name;
3241 (ehdrC + shdr[ sym.st_shndx ].sh_offset
3242 + stab[ELF_R_SYM(info)].st_value);
3245 symbol = strtab + sym.st_name;
3246 stablePtr = (StgStablePtr)lookupHashTable(stablehash, (StgWord)symbol);
3247 if (NULL == stablePtr) {
3248 /* No, so look up the name in our global table. */
3249 S_tmp = lookupSymbol( symbol );
3250 S = (Elf_Addr)S_tmp;
3252 stableVal = deRefStablePtr( stablePtr );
3254 S = (Elf_Addr)S_tmp;
3258 errorBelch("%s: unknown symbol `%s'", oc->fileName, symbol);
3261 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "`%s' resolves to %p\n", symbol, (void*)S ));
3264 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Reloc: P = %p S = %p A = %p\n",
3265 (void*)P, (void*)S, (void*)A ));
3266 checkProddableBlock ( oc, pP );
3270 switch (ELF_R_TYPE(info)) {
3271 # ifdef i386_HOST_ARCH
3272 case R_386_32: *pP = value; break;
3273 case R_386_PC32: *pP = value - P; break;
3276 errorBelch("%s: unhandled ELF relocation(Rel) type %lu\n",
3277 oc->fileName, (lnat)ELF_R_TYPE(info));
3285 /* Do ELF relocations for which explicit addends are supplied.
3286 sparc-solaris relocations appear to be of this form. */
3288 do_Elf_Rela_relocations ( ObjectCode* oc, char* ehdrC,
3289 Elf_Shdr* shdr, int shnum,
3290 Elf_Sym* stab, char* strtab )
3293 char *symbol = NULL;
3295 Elf_Rela* rtab = (Elf_Rela*) (ehdrC + shdr[shnum].sh_offset);
3296 int nent = shdr[shnum].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rela);
3297 int target_shndx = shdr[shnum].sh_info;
3298 int symtab_shndx = shdr[shnum].sh_link;
3300 stab = (Elf_Sym*) (ehdrC + shdr[ symtab_shndx ].sh_offset);
3301 targ = (Elf_Addr) (ehdrC + shdr[ target_shndx ].sh_offset);
3302 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "relocations for section %d using symtab %d\n",
3303 target_shndx, symtab_shndx ));
3305 for (j = 0; j < nent; j++) {
3306 #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH) || defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
3307 /* This #ifdef only serves to avoid unused-var warnings. */
3308 Elf_Addr offset = rtab[j].r_offset;
3309 Elf_Addr P = targ + offset;
3311 Elf_Addr info = rtab[j].r_info;
3312 Elf_Addr A = rtab[j].r_addend;
3316 # if defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH)
3317 Elf_Word* pP = (Elf_Word*)P;
3319 # elif defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
3320 Elf64_Xword *pP = (Elf64_Xword *)P;
3322 # elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
3326 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "Rel entry %3d is raw(%6p %6p %6p) ",
3327 j, (void*)offset, (void*)info,
3330 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( " ZERO" ));
3333 Elf_Sym sym = stab[ELF_R_SYM(info)];
3334 /* First see if it is a local symbol. */
3335 if (ELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
3336 /* Yes, so we can get the address directly from the ELF symbol
3338 symbol = sym.st_name==0 ? "(noname)" : strtab+sym.st_name;
3340 (ehdrC + shdr[ sym.st_shndx ].sh_offset
3341 + stab[ELF_R_SYM(info)].st_value);
3342 #ifdef ELF_FUNCTION_DESC
3343 /* Make a function descriptor for this function */
3344 if (S && ELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) == STT_FUNC) {
3345 S = allocateFunctionDesc(S + A);
3350 /* No, so look up the name in our global table. */
3351 symbol = strtab + sym.st_name;
3352 S_tmp = lookupSymbol( symbol );
3353 S = (Elf_Addr)S_tmp;
3355 #ifdef ELF_FUNCTION_DESC
3356 /* If a function, already a function descriptor - we would
3357 have to copy it to add an offset. */
3358 if (S && (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) == STT_FUNC) && (A != 0))
3359 errorBelch("%s: function %s with addend %p", oc->fileName, symbol, (void *)A);
3363 errorBelch("%s: unknown symbol `%s'", oc->fileName, symbol);
3366 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch( "`%s' resolves to %p", symbol, (void*)S ));
3369 IF_DEBUG(linker,debugBelch("Reloc: P = %p S = %p A = %p\n",
3370 (void*)P, (void*)S, (void*)A ));
3371 /* checkProddableBlock ( oc, (void*)P ); */
3375 switch (ELF_R_TYPE(info)) {
3376 # if defined(sparc_HOST_ARCH)
3377 case R_SPARC_WDISP30:
3378 w1 = *pP & 0xC0000000;
3379 w2 = (Elf_Word)((value - P) >> 2);
3380 ASSERT((w2 & 0xC0000000) == 0);
3385 w1 = *pP & 0xFFC00000;
3386 w2 = (Elf_Word)(value >> 10);
3387 ASSERT((w2 & 0xFFC00000) == 0);
3393 w2 = (Elf_Word)(value & 0x3FF);
3394 ASSERT((w2 & ~0x3FF) == 0);
3398 /* According to the Sun documentation:
3400 This relocation type resembles R_SPARC_32, except it refers to an
3401 unaligned word. That is, the word to be relocated must be treated
3402 as four separate bytes with arbitrary alignment, not as a word
3403 aligned according to the architecture requirements.
3405 (JRS: which means that freeloading on the R_SPARC_32 case
3406 is probably wrong, but hey ...)
3410 w2 = (Elf_Word)value;
3413 # elif defined(ia64_HOST_ARCH)
3414 case R_IA64_DIR64LSB:
3415 case R_IA64_FPTR64LSB:
3418 case R_IA64_PCREL64LSB:
3421 case R_IA64_SEGREL64LSB:
3422 addr = findElfSegment(ehdrC, value);
3425 case R_IA64_GPREL22:
3426 ia64_reloc_gprel22(P, value);
3428 case R_IA64_LTOFF22:
3429 case R_IA64_LTOFF22X:
3430 case R_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR22:
3431 addr = allocateGOTEntry(value);
3432 ia64_reloc_gprel22(P, addr);
3434 case R_IA64_PCREL21B:
3435 ia64_reloc_pcrel21(P, S, oc);
3438 /* This goes with R_IA64_LTOFF22X and points to the load to
3439 * convert into a move. We don't implement relaxation. */
3441 # elif defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
3442 case R_PPC_ADDR16_LO:
3443 *(Elf32_Half*) P = value;
3446 case R_PPC_ADDR16_HI:
3447 *(Elf32_Half*) P = value >> 16;
3450 case R_PPC_ADDR16_HA:
3451 *(Elf32_Half*) P = (value + 0x8000) >> 16;
3455 *(Elf32_Word *) P = value;
3459 *(Elf32_Word *) P = value - P;
3465 if( delta << 6 >> 6 != delta )
3467 value = (Elf_Addr) (&makeSymbolExtra( oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), value )
3471 if( value == 0 || delta << 6 >> 6 != delta )
3473 barf( "Unable to make SymbolExtra for #%d",
3479 *(Elf_Word *) P = (*(Elf_Word *) P & 0xfc000003)
3480 | (delta & 0x3fffffc);
3484 #if x86_64_HOST_ARCH
3486 *(Elf64_Xword *)P = value;
3491 StgInt64 off = value - P;
3492 if (off >= 0x7fffffffL || off < -0x80000000L) {
3493 #if X86_64_ELF_NONPIC_HACK
3494 StgInt64 pltAddress = (StgInt64) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), S)
3496 off = pltAddress + A - P;
3498 barf("R_X86_64_PC32 relocation out of range: %s = %p\nRecompile %s with -fPIC.",
3499 symbol, off, oc->fileName );
3502 *(Elf64_Word *)P = (Elf64_Word)off;
3508 StgInt64 off = value - P;
3509 *(Elf64_Word *)P = (Elf64_Word)off;
3514 if (value >= 0x7fffffffL) {
3515 #if X86_64_ELF_NONPIC_HACK
3516 StgInt64 pltAddress = (StgInt64) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), S)
3518 value = pltAddress + A;
3520 barf("R_X86_64_32 relocation out of range: %s = %p\nRecompile %s with -fPIC.",
3521 symbol, value, oc->fileName );
3524 *(Elf64_Word *)P = (Elf64_Word)value;
3528 if ((StgInt64)value > 0x7fffffffL || (StgInt64)value < -0x80000000L) {
3529 #if X86_64_ELF_NONPIC_HACK
3530 StgInt64 pltAddress = (StgInt64) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), S)
3532 value = pltAddress + A;
3534 barf("R_X86_64_32S relocation out of range: %s = %p\nRecompile %s with -fPIC.",
3535 symbol, value, oc->fileName );
3538 *(Elf64_Sword *)P = (Elf64_Sword)value;
3541 case R_X86_64_GOTPCREL:
3543 StgInt64 gotAddress = (StgInt64) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), S)->addr;
3544 StgInt64 off = gotAddress + A - P;
3545 *(Elf64_Word *)P = (Elf64_Word)off;
3549 case R_X86_64_PLT32:
3551 StgInt64 off = value - P;
3552 if (off >= 0x7fffffffL || off < -0x80000000L) {
3553 StgInt64 pltAddress = (StgInt64) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, ELF_R_SYM(info), S)
3555 off = pltAddress + A - P;
3557 *(Elf64_Word *)P = (Elf64_Word)off;
3563 errorBelch("%s: unhandled ELF relocation(RelA) type %lu\n",
3564 oc->fileName, (lnat)ELF_R_TYPE(info));
3573 ocResolve_ELF ( ObjectCode* oc )
3577 Elf_Sym* stab = NULL;
3578 char* ehdrC = (char*)(oc->image);
3579 Elf_Ehdr* ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr*) ehdrC;
3580 Elf_Shdr* shdr = (Elf_Shdr*) (ehdrC + ehdr->e_shoff);
3582 /* first find "the" symbol table */
3583 stab = (Elf_Sym*) findElfSection ( ehdrC, SHT_SYMTAB );
3585 /* also go find the string table */
3586 strtab = findElfSection ( ehdrC, SHT_STRTAB );
3588 if (stab == NULL || strtab == NULL) {
3589 errorBelch("%s: can't find string or symbol table", oc->fileName);
3593 /* Process the relocation sections. */
3594 for (shnum = 0; shnum < ehdr->e_shnum; shnum++) {
3595 if (shdr[shnum].sh_type == SHT_REL) {
3596 ok = do_Elf_Rel_relocations ( oc, ehdrC, shdr,
3597 shnum, stab, strtab );
3601 if (shdr[shnum].sh_type == SHT_RELA) {
3602 ok = do_Elf_Rela_relocations ( oc, ehdrC, shdr,
3603 shnum, stab, strtab );
3608 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
3609 ocFlushInstructionCache( oc );
3617 * Instructions are 41 bits long, packed into 128 bit bundles with a 5-bit template
3618 * at the front. The following utility functions pack and unpack instructions, and
3619 * take care of the most common relocations.
3622 #ifdef ia64_HOST_ARCH
3625 ia64_extract_instruction(Elf64_Xword *target)
3628 int slot = (Elf_Addr)target & 3;
3629 target = (Elf_Addr)target & ~3;
3637 return ((w1 >> 5) & 0x1ffffffffff);
3639 return (w1 >> 46) | ((w2 & 0x7fffff) << 18);
3643 barf("ia64_extract_instruction: invalid slot %p", target);
3648 ia64_deposit_instruction(Elf64_Xword *target, Elf64_Xword value)
3650 int slot = (Elf_Addr)target & 3;
3651 target = (Elf_Addr)target & ~3;
3656 *target |= value << 5;
3659 *target |= value << 46;
3660 *(target+1) |= value >> 18;
3663 *(target+1) |= value << 23;
3669 ia64_reloc_gprel22(Elf_Addr target, Elf_Addr value)
3671 Elf64_Xword instruction;
3672 Elf64_Sxword rel_value;
3674 rel_value = value - gp_val;
3675 if ((rel_value > 0x1fffff) || (rel_value < -0x1fffff))
3676 barf("GP-relative data out of range (address = 0x%lx, gp = 0x%lx)", value, gp_val);
3678 instruction = ia64_extract_instruction((Elf64_Xword *)target);
3679 instruction |= (((rel_value >> 0) & 0x07f) << 13) /* imm7b */
3680 | (((rel_value >> 7) & 0x1ff) << 27) /* imm9d */
3681 | (((rel_value >> 16) & 0x01f) << 22) /* imm5c */
3682 | ((Elf64_Xword)(rel_value < 0) << 36); /* s */
3683 ia64_deposit_instruction((Elf64_Xword *)target, instruction);
3687 ia64_reloc_pcrel21(Elf_Addr target, Elf_Addr value, ObjectCode *oc)
3689 Elf64_Xword instruction;
3690 Elf64_Sxword rel_value;
3693 entry = allocatePLTEntry(value, oc);
3695 rel_value = (entry >> 4) - (target >> 4);
3696 if ((rel_value > 0xfffff) || (rel_value < -0xfffff))
3697 barf("PLT entry too far away (entry = 0x%lx, target = 0x%lx)", entry, target);
3699 instruction = ia64_extract_instruction((Elf64_Xword *)target);
3700 instruction |= ((rel_value & 0xfffff) << 13) /* imm20b */
3701 | ((Elf64_Xword)(rel_value < 0) << 36); /* s */
3702 ia64_deposit_instruction((Elf64_Xword *)target, instruction);
3708 * PowerPC & X86_64 ELF specifics
3711 #if defined(powerpc_HOST_ARCH) || defined(x86_64_HOST_ARCH)
3713 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras_ELF( ObjectCode *oc )
3719 ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr *) oc->image;
3720 shdr = (Elf_Shdr *) ( ((char *)oc->image) + ehdr->e_shoff );
3722 for( i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++ )
3723 if( shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB )
3726 if( i == ehdr->e_shnum )
3728 errorBelch( "This ELF file contains no symtab" );
3732 if( shdr[i].sh_entsize != sizeof( Elf_Sym ) )
3734 errorBelch( "The entry size (%d) of the symtab isn't %d\n",
3735 (int) shdr[i].sh_entsize, (int) sizeof( Elf_Sym ) );
3740 return ocAllocateSymbolExtras( oc, shdr[i].sh_size / sizeof( Elf_Sym ), 0 );
3743 #endif /* powerpc */
3747 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
3749 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3751 #if defined(OBJFORMAT_MACHO)
3754 Support for MachO linking on Darwin/MacOS X
3755 by Wolfgang Thaller (wolfgang.thaller@gmx.net)
3757 I hereby formally apologize for the hackish nature of this code.
3758 Things that need to be done:
3759 *) implement ocVerifyImage_MachO
3760 *) add still more sanity checks.
3763 #if x86_64_HOST_ARCH || powerpc64_HOST_ARCH
3764 #define mach_header mach_header_64
3765 #define segment_command segment_command_64
3766 #define section section_64
3767 #define nlist nlist_64
3770 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
3771 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras_MachO(ObjectCode* oc)
3773 struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header *) oc->image;
3774 struct load_command *lc = (struct load_command *) (header + 1);
3777 for( i = 0; i < header->ncmds; i++ )
3779 if( lc->cmd == LC_SYMTAB )
3781 // Find out the first and last undefined external
3782 // symbol, so we don't have to allocate too many
3784 struct symtab_command *symLC = (struct symtab_command *) lc;
3785 unsigned min = symLC->nsyms, max = 0;
3786 struct nlist *nlist =
3787 symLC ? (struct nlist*) ((char*) oc->image + symLC->symoff)
3789 for(i=0;i<symLC->nsyms;i++)
3791 if(nlist[i].n_type & N_STAB)
3793 else if(nlist[i].n_type & N_EXT)
3795 if((nlist[i].n_type & N_TYPE) == N_UNDF
3796 && (nlist[i].n_value == 0))
3806 return ocAllocateSymbolExtras(oc, max - min + 1, min);
3811 lc = (struct load_command *) ( ((char *)lc) + lc->cmdsize );
3813 return ocAllocateSymbolExtras(oc,0,0);
3816 #ifdef x86_64_HOST_ARCH
3817 static int ocAllocateSymbolExtras_MachO(ObjectCode* oc)
3819 struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header *) oc->image;
3820 struct load_command *lc = (struct load_command *) (header + 1);
3823 for( i = 0; i < header->ncmds; i++ )
3825 if( lc->cmd == LC_SYMTAB )
3827 // Just allocate one entry for every symbol
3828 struct symtab_command *symLC = (struct symtab_command *) lc;
3830 return ocAllocateSymbolExtras(oc, symLC->nsyms, 0);
3833 lc = (struct load_command *) ( ((char *)lc) + lc->cmdsize );
3835 return ocAllocateSymbolExtras(oc,0,0);
3839 static int ocVerifyImage_MachO(ObjectCode* oc)
3841 char *image = (char*) oc->image;
3842 struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header*) image;
3844 #if x86_64_TARGET_ARCH || powerpc64_TARGET_ARCH
3845 if(header->magic != MH_MAGIC_64)
3848 if(header->magic != MH_MAGIC)
3851 // FIXME: do some more verifying here
3855 static int resolveImports(
3858 struct symtab_command *symLC,
3859 struct section *sect, // ptr to lazy or non-lazy symbol pointer section
3860 unsigned long *indirectSyms,
3861 struct nlist *nlist)
3864 size_t itemSize = 4;
3867 int isJumpTable = 0;
3868 if(!strcmp(sect->sectname,"__jump_table"))
3872 ASSERT(sect->reserved2 == itemSize);
3876 for(i=0; i*itemSize < sect->size;i++)
3878 // according to otool, reserved1 contains the first index into the indirect symbol table
3879 struct nlist *symbol = &nlist[indirectSyms[sect->reserved1+i]];
3880 char *nm = image + symLC->stroff + symbol->n_un.n_strx;
3883 if((symbol->n_type & N_TYPE) == N_UNDF
3884 && (symbol->n_type & N_EXT) && (symbol->n_value != 0))
3885 addr = (void*) (symbol->n_value);
3887 addr = lookupSymbol(nm);
3890 errorBelch("\n%s: unknown symbol `%s'", oc->fileName, nm);
3898 checkProddableBlock(oc,image + sect->offset + i*itemSize);
3899 *(image + sect->offset + i*itemSize) = 0xe9; // jmp
3900 *(unsigned*)(image + sect->offset + i*itemSize + 1)
3901 = (char*)addr - (image + sect->offset + i*itemSize + 5);
3906 checkProddableBlock(oc,((void**)(image + sect->offset)) + i);
3907 ((void**)(image + sect->offset))[i] = addr;
3914 static unsigned long relocateAddress(
3917 struct section* sections,
3918 unsigned long address)
3921 for(i = 0; i < nSections; i++)
3923 if(sections[i].addr <= address
3924 && address < sections[i].addr + sections[i].size)
3926 return (unsigned long)oc->image
3927 + sections[i].offset + address - sections[i].addr;
3930 barf("Invalid Mach-O file:"
3931 "Address out of bounds while relocating object file");
3935 static int relocateSection(
3938 struct symtab_command *symLC, struct nlist *nlist,
3939 int nSections, struct section* sections, struct section *sect)
3941 struct relocation_info *relocs;
3944 if(!strcmp(sect->sectname,"__la_symbol_ptr"))
3946 else if(!strcmp(sect->sectname,"__nl_symbol_ptr"))
3948 else if(!strcmp(sect->sectname,"__la_sym_ptr2"))
3950 else if(!strcmp(sect->sectname,"__la_sym_ptr3"))
3954 relocs = (struct relocation_info*) (image + sect->reloff);
3958 #ifdef x86_64_HOST_ARCH
3959 struct relocation_info *reloc = &relocs[i];
3961 char *thingPtr = image + sect->offset + reloc->r_address;
3965 int type = reloc->r_type;
3967 checkProddableBlock(oc,thingPtr);
3968 switch(reloc->r_length)
3971 thing = *(uint8_t*)thingPtr;
3972 baseValue = (uint64_t)thingPtr + 1;
3975 thing = *(uint16_t*)thingPtr;
3976 baseValue = (uint64_t)thingPtr + 2;
3979 thing = *(uint32_t*)thingPtr;
3980 baseValue = (uint64_t)thingPtr + 4;
3983 thing = *(uint64_t*)thingPtr;
3984 baseValue = (uint64_t)thingPtr + 8;
3987 barf("Unknown size.");
3990 if(type == X86_64_RELOC_GOT
3991 || type == X86_64_RELOC_GOT_LOAD)
3993 ASSERT(reloc->r_extern);
3994 value = (uint64_t) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, reloc->r_symbolnum, value)->addr;
3996 type = X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED;
3998 else if(reloc->r_extern)
4000 struct nlist *symbol = &nlist[reloc->r_symbolnum];
4001 char *nm = image + symLC->stroff + symbol->n_un.n_strx;
4002 if(symbol->n_value == 0)
4003 value = (uint64_t) lookupSymbol(nm);
4005 value = relocateAddress(oc, nSections, sections,
4010 value = sections[reloc->r_symbolnum-1].offset
4011 - sections[reloc->r_symbolnum-1].addr
4015 if(type == X86_64_RELOC_BRANCH)
4017 if((int32_t)(value - baseValue) != (int64_t)(value - baseValue))
4019 ASSERT(reloc->r_extern);
4020 value = (uint64_t) &makeSymbolExtra(oc, reloc->r_symbolnum, value)
4023 ASSERT((int32_t)(value - baseValue) == (int64_t)(value - baseValue));
4024 type = X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED;
4029 case X86_64_RELOC_UNSIGNED:
4030 ASSERT(!reloc->r_pcrel);
4033 case X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED:
4034 ASSERT(reloc->r_pcrel);
4035 thing += value - baseValue;
4037 case X86_64_RELOC_SUBTRACTOR:
4038 ASSERT(!reloc->r_pcrel);
4042 barf("unkown relocation");
4045 switch(reloc->r_length)
4048 *(uint8_t*)thingPtr = thing;
4051 *(uint16_t*)thingPtr = thing;
4054 *(uint32_t*)thingPtr = thing;
4057 *(uint64_t*)thingPtr = thing;
4061 if(relocs[i].r_address & R_SCATTERED)
4063 struct scattered_relocation_info *scat =
4064 (struct scattered_relocation_info*) &relocs[i];
4068 if(scat->r_length == 2)
4070 unsigned long word = 0;
4071 unsigned long* wordPtr = (unsigned long*) (image + sect->offset + scat->r_address);
4072 checkProddableBlock(oc,wordPtr);
4074 // Note on relocation types:
4075 // i386 uses the GENERIC_RELOC_* types,
4076 // while ppc uses special PPC_RELOC_* types.
4077 // *_RELOC_VANILLA and *_RELOC_PAIR have the same value
4078 // in both cases, all others are different.
4079 // Therefore, we use GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA
4080 // and GENERIC_RELOC_PAIR instead of the PPC variants,
4081 // and use #ifdefs for the other types.
4083 // Step 1: Figure out what the relocated value should be
4084 if(scat->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA)
4086 word = *wordPtr + (unsigned long) relocateAddress(
4093 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4094 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_SECTDIFF
4095 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16_SECTDIFF
4096 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16_SECTDIFF
4097 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16_SECTDIFF)
4099 else if(scat->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_SECTDIFF)
4102 struct scattered_relocation_info *pair =
4103 (struct scattered_relocation_info*) &relocs[i+1];
4105 if(!pair->r_scattered || pair->r_type != GENERIC_RELOC_PAIR)
4106 barf("Invalid Mach-O file: "
4107 "RELOC_*_SECTDIFF not followed by RELOC_PAIR");
4109 word = (unsigned long)
4110 (relocateAddress(oc, nSections, sections, scat->r_value)
4111 - relocateAddress(oc, nSections, sections, pair->r_value));
4114 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4115 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16
4116 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16
4117 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16
4118 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO14)
4119 { // these are generated by label+offset things
4120 struct relocation_info *pair = &relocs[i+1];
4121 if((pair->r_address & R_SCATTERED) || pair->r_type != PPC_RELOC_PAIR)
4122 barf("Invalid Mach-O file: "
4123 "PPC_RELOC_* not followed by PPC_RELOC_PAIR");
4125 if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16)
4127 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1];
4128 word |= ((unsigned long) relocs[i+1].r_address & 0xFFFF) << 16;
4130 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO14)
4132 barf("Unsupported Relocation: PPC_RELOC_LO14");
4133 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] & 0xFFFC;
4134 word |= ((unsigned long) relocs[i+1].r_address & 0xFFFF) << 16;
4136 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16)
4138 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] << 16;
4139 word |= ((unsigned long) relocs[i+1].r_address & 0xFFFF);
4141 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16)
4143 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] << 16;
4144 word += ((short)relocs[i+1].r_address & (short)0xFFFF);
4148 word += (unsigned long) relocateAddress(oc, nSections, sections, scat->r_value)
4155 continue; // ignore the others
4157 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4158 if(scat->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA
4159 || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_SECTDIFF)
4161 if(scat->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA
4162 || scat->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_SECTDIFF)
4167 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4168 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16_SECTDIFF || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16)
4170 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = word & 0xFFFF;
4172 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16_SECTDIFF || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16)
4174 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = (word >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
4176 else if(scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16_SECTDIFF || scat->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16)
4178 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = ((word >> 16) & 0xFFFF)
4179 + ((word & (1<<15)) ? 1 : 0);
4185 continue; // FIXME: I hope it's OK to ignore all the others.
4189 struct relocation_info *reloc = &relocs[i];
4190 if(reloc->r_pcrel && !reloc->r_extern)
4193 if(reloc->r_length == 2)
4195 unsigned long word = 0;
4196 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4197 unsigned long jumpIsland = 0;
4198 long offsetToJumpIsland = 0xBADBAD42; // initialise to bad value
4199 // to avoid warning and to catch
4203 unsigned long* wordPtr = (unsigned long*) (image + sect->offset + reloc->r_address);
4204 checkProddableBlock(oc,wordPtr);
4206 if(reloc->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA)
4210 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4211 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16)
4213 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1];
4214 word |= ((unsigned long) relocs[i+1].r_address & 0xFFFF) << 16;
4216 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16)
4218 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] << 16;
4219 word |= ((unsigned long) relocs[i+1].r_address & 0xFFFF);
4221 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16)
4223 word = ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] << 16;
4224 word += ((short)relocs[i+1].r_address & (short)0xFFFF);
4226 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_BR24)
4229 word = (word & 0x03FFFFFC) | ((word & 0x02000000) ? 0xFC000000 : 0);
4233 if(!reloc->r_extern)
4236 sections[reloc->r_symbolnum-1].offset
4237 - sections[reloc->r_symbolnum-1].addr
4244 struct nlist *symbol = &nlist[reloc->r_symbolnum];
4245 char *nm = image + symLC->stroff + symbol->n_un.n_strx;
4246 void *symbolAddress = lookupSymbol(nm);
4249 errorBelch("\nunknown symbol `%s'", nm);
4255 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4256 // In the .o file, this should be a relative jump to NULL
4257 // and we'll change it to a relative jump to the symbol
4258 ASSERT(word + reloc->r_address == 0);
4259 jumpIsland = (unsigned long)
4260 &makeSymbolExtra(oc,
4262 (unsigned long) symbolAddress)
4266 offsetToJumpIsland = word + jumpIsland
4267 - (((long)image) + sect->offset - sect->addr);
4270 word += (unsigned long) symbolAddress
4271 - (((long)image) + sect->offset - sect->addr);
4275 word += (unsigned long) symbolAddress;
4279 if(reloc->r_type == GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA)
4284 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4285 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_LO16)
4287 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = word & 0xFFFF;
4290 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HI16)
4292 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = (word >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
4295 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_HA16)
4297 ((unsigned short*) wordPtr)[1] = ((word >> 16) & 0xFFFF)
4298 + ((word & (1<<15)) ? 1 : 0);
4301 else if(reloc->r_type == PPC_RELOC_BR24)
4303 if((long)word > (long)0x01FFFFFF || (long)word < (long)0xFFE00000)
4305 // The branch offset is too large.
4306 // Therefore, we try to use a jump island.
4309 barf("unconditional relative branch out of range: "
4310 "no jump island available");
4313 word = offsetToJumpIsland;
4314 if((long)word > (long)0x01FFFFFF || (long)word < (long)0xFFE00000)
4315 barf("unconditional relative branch out of range: "
4316 "jump island out of range");
4318 *wordPtr = (*wordPtr & 0xFC000003) | (word & 0x03FFFFFC);
4323 barf("\nunknown relocation %d",reloc->r_type);
4331 static int ocGetNames_MachO(ObjectCode* oc)
4333 char *image = (char*) oc->image;
4334 struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header*) image;
4335 struct load_command *lc = (struct load_command*) (image + sizeof(struct mach_header));
4336 unsigned i,curSymbol = 0;
4337 struct segment_command *segLC = NULL;
4338 struct section *sections;
4339 struct symtab_command *symLC = NULL;
4340 struct nlist *nlist;
4341 unsigned long commonSize = 0;
4342 char *commonStorage = NULL;
4343 unsigned long commonCounter;
4345 for(i=0;i<header->ncmds;i++)
4347 if(lc->cmd == LC_SEGMENT || lc->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64)
4348 segLC = (struct segment_command*) lc;
4349 else if(lc->cmd == LC_SYMTAB)
4350 symLC = (struct symtab_command*) lc;
4351 lc = (struct load_command *) ( ((char*)lc) + lc->cmdsize );
4354 sections = (struct section*) (segLC+1);
4355 nlist = symLC ? (struct nlist*) (image + symLC->symoff)
4359 barf("ocGetNames_MachO: no segment load command");
4361 for(i=0;i<segLC->nsects;i++)
4363 if(sections[i].size == 0)
4366 if((sections[i].flags & SECTION_TYPE) == S_ZEROFILL)
4368 char * zeroFillArea = stgCallocBytes(1,sections[i].size,
4369 "ocGetNames_MachO(common symbols)");
4370 sections[i].offset = zeroFillArea - image;
4373 if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__text"))
4374 addSection(oc, SECTIONKIND_CODE_OR_RODATA,
4375 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset),
4376 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset + sections[i].size));
4377 else if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__const"))
4378 addSection(oc, SECTIONKIND_RWDATA,
4379 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset),
4380 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset + sections[i].size));
4381 else if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__data"))
4382 addSection(oc, SECTIONKIND_RWDATA,
4383 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset),
4384 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset + sections[i].size));
4385 else if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__bss")
4386 || !strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__common"))
4387 addSection(oc, SECTIONKIND_RWDATA,
4388 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset),
4389 (void*) (image + sections[i].offset + sections[i].size));
4391 addProddableBlock(oc, (void*) (image + sections[i].offset),
4395 // count external symbols defined here
4399 for(i=0;i<symLC->nsyms;i++)
4401 if(nlist[i].n_type & N_STAB)
4403 else if(nlist[i].n_type & N_EXT)
4405 if((nlist[i].n_type & N_TYPE) == N_UNDF
4406 && (nlist[i].n_value != 0))
4408 commonSize += nlist[i].n_value;
4411 else if((nlist[i].n_type & N_TYPE) == N_SECT)
4416 oc->symbols = stgMallocBytes(oc->n_symbols * sizeof(char*),
4417 "ocGetNames_MachO(oc->symbols)");
4421 for(i=0;i<symLC->nsyms;i++)
4423 if(nlist[i].n_type & N_STAB)
4425 else if((nlist[i].n_type & N_TYPE) == N_SECT)
4427 if(nlist[i].n_type & N_EXT)
4429 char *nm = image + symLC->stroff + nlist[i].n_un.n_strx;
4430 if((nlist[i].n_desc & N_WEAK_DEF) && lookupSymbol(nm))
4431 ; // weak definition, and we already have a definition
4434 ghciInsertStrHashTable(oc->fileName, symhash, nm,
4436 + sections[nlist[i].n_sect-1].offset
4437 - sections[nlist[i].n_sect-1].addr
4438 + nlist[i].n_value);
4439 oc->symbols[curSymbol++] = nm;
4446 commonStorage = stgCallocBytes(1,commonSize,"ocGetNames_MachO(common symbols)");
4447 commonCounter = (unsigned long)commonStorage;
4450 for(i=0;i<symLC->nsyms;i++)
4452 if((nlist[i].n_type & N_TYPE) == N_UNDF
4453 && (nlist[i].n_type & N_EXT) && (nlist[i].n_value != 0))
4455 char *nm = image + symLC->stroff + nlist[i].n_un.n_strx;
4456 unsigned long sz = nlist[i].n_value;
4458 nlist[i].n_value = commonCounter;
4460 ghciInsertStrHashTable(oc->fileName, symhash, nm,
4461 (void*)commonCounter);
4462 oc->symbols[curSymbol++] = nm;
4464 commonCounter += sz;
4471 static int ocResolve_MachO(ObjectCode* oc)
4473 char *image = (char*) oc->image;
4474 struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header*) image;
4475 struct load_command *lc = (struct load_command*) (image + sizeof(struct mach_header));
4477 struct segment_command *segLC = NULL;
4478 struct section *sections;
4479 struct symtab_command *symLC = NULL;
4480 struct dysymtab_command *dsymLC = NULL;
4481 struct nlist *nlist;
4483 for(i=0;i<header->ncmds;i++)
4485 if(lc->cmd == LC_SEGMENT || lc->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64)
4486 segLC = (struct segment_command*) lc;
4487 else if(lc->cmd == LC_SYMTAB)
4488 symLC = (struct symtab_command*) lc;
4489 else if(lc->cmd == LC_DYSYMTAB)
4490 dsymLC = (struct dysymtab_command*) lc;
4491 lc = (struct load_command *) ( ((char*)lc) + lc->cmdsize );
4494 sections = (struct section*) (segLC+1);
4495 nlist = symLC ? (struct nlist*) (image + symLC->symoff)
4500 unsigned long *indirectSyms
4501 = (unsigned long*) (image + dsymLC->indirectsymoff);
4503 for(i=0;i<segLC->nsects;i++)
4505 if( !strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__la_symbol_ptr")
4506 || !strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__la_sym_ptr2")
4507 || !strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__la_sym_ptr3"))
4509 if(!resolveImports(oc,image,symLC,§ions[i],indirectSyms,nlist))
4512 else if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__nl_symbol_ptr")
4513 || !strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__pointers"))
4515 if(!resolveImports(oc,image,symLC,§ions[i],indirectSyms,nlist))
4518 else if(!strcmp(sections[i].sectname,"__jump_table"))
4520 if(!resolveImports(oc,image,symLC,§ions[i],indirectSyms,nlist))
4526 for(i=0;i<segLC->nsects;i++)
4528 if(!relocateSection(oc,image,symLC,nlist,segLC->nsects,sections,§ions[i]))
4532 #if defined (powerpc_HOST_ARCH)
4533 ocFlushInstructionCache( oc );
4539 #ifdef powerpc_HOST_ARCH
4541 * The Mach-O object format uses leading underscores. But not everywhere.
4542 * There is a small number of runtime support functions defined in
4543 * libcc_dynamic.a whose name does not have a leading underscore.
4544 * As a consequence, we can't get their address from C code.
4545 * We have to use inline assembler just to take the address of a function.
4549 static void machoInitSymbolsWithoutUnderscore()
4551 extern void* symbolsWithoutUnderscore[];
4552 void **p = symbolsWithoutUnderscore;
4553 __asm__ volatile(".globl _symbolsWithoutUnderscore\n.data\n_symbolsWithoutUnderscore:");
4557 __asm__ volatile(".long " # x);
4559 RTS_MACHO_NOUNDERLINE_SYMBOLS
4561 __asm__ volatile(".text");
4565 ghciInsertStrHashTable("(GHCi built-in symbols)", symhash, #x, *p++);
4567 RTS_MACHO_NOUNDERLINE_SYMBOLS
4574 * Figure out by how much to shift the entire Mach-O file in memory
4575 * when loading so that its single segment ends up 16-byte-aligned
4577 static int machoGetMisalignment( FILE * f )
4579 struct mach_header header;
4582 fread(&header, sizeof(header), 1, f);
4585 #if x86_64_TARGET_ARCH || powerpc64_TARGET_ARCH
4586 if(header.magic != MH_MAGIC_64)
4589 if(header.magic != MH_MAGIC)
4593 misalignment = (header.sizeofcmds + sizeof(header))
4596 return misalignment ? (16 - misalignment) : 0;