Make allocatePinned use local storage, and other refactorings

Make allocatePinned use local storage, and other refactorings

This is a batch of refactoring to remove some of the GC's global
state, as we move towards CPU-local GC.

  - allocateLocal() now allocates large objects into the local
    nursery, rather than taking a global lock and allocating
    then in gen 0 step 0.

  - allocatePinned() was still allocating from global storage and
    taking a lock each time, now it uses local storage.
    (mallocForeignPtrBytes should be faster with -threaded).

  - We had a gen 0 step 0, distinct from the nurseries, which are
    stored in a separate nurseries[] array.  This is slightly strange.
    I removed the g0s0 global that pointed to gen 0 step 0, and
    removed all uses of it.  I think now we don't use gen 0 step 0 at
    all, except possibly when there is only one generation.  Possibly
    more tidying up is needed here.

  - I removed the global allocate() function, and renamed
    allocateLocal() to allocate().

  - the alloc_blocks global is gone.  MAYBE_GC() and
    doYouWantToGC() now check the local nursery only.